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Evaluation of Sand Dunes Stabilization Techniques in Baiji District,Iraq

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2003年第1期14卷 59-64页

作者： ayad mohammed fadhil Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences

This research was conducted at the sand dunes stabilization research s tation in Baiji district, Iraq. Three techniques for sand dunes stabilization ar e selected: the first method is stabilization by clayey block barriers; the seco nd method is stabilization by dry planting of tamarix (tamarix articulata) cutti ngs and the third is stabilization by using cane branch barriers. Randomized sam ples were taken from the surface and subsurface layers of the stabilized and shi fting sand dunes to evaluate the effect of the three techniques on wind erosion parameters. The results indicate high significant differences between the wind e rosion parameters in the surface and subsurface layers in the stabilized sand du nes, while there are insignificant differences between the subsurface layer of t he stabilized dunes and the surface and subsurface layers in the active sand dun es. The results clarify the fact that there is an increase in the percentage of clay, silt, organic matter, mean weight diameter and the percentage of the dry a ggregates (>0.84 mm). A decrease is found in the rate of disaggregation for the dry aggregates in the samples of the surface layer of stabilized dunes when comp ared with the subsurface layer of stabilized dunes and the surface layer of the shifting sand dunes. There is a positive high significant correlation among the aggregate stability parameters and the percentage of clay and silt, and the cont ent of organic matter in the studied layers.

关键词： sand dunes stabilization wind erosion parameters Baiji Iraq.

Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of a High-Efficiency Battery Control System

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 709-732页

作者： mohammed ayad Alkhafaji Yunus Uzun College of Engineering Technology National University of Science and TechnologyDhi QarIraq Aksaray University Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringAksarayTurkey

This paper explains step-by-step modeling and simulation of the full circuits of a battery control system and connected together starting from the AC input source to the battery control and storage *** three-phase half-controlled rectifier has been designed to control and convert the AC power into DC *** addition,two types of direct current converters have been used in this paper which are a buck and bidirectional DC/DC *** systems adjust the output voltage to be lower or higher than the input *** the buck converters,the main switch operates in conduction or cut-off mode and is triggered by a Pulse-Width Modulated(PWM)*** output and input voltage levels ratio are used to calculate thePWMsignal’s duty ***,the duty cycle indicates the operation mode of the converter in steady-state *** this study,we analyze and control of a buck converter with the PWM ***,the bidirectional DC/DC converter has been achieved and optimized by PI control methods to control the battery charging and discharging *** simulation has been applied via the Matlab/Simulink *** results show the activity of each part of the designed circuits starting from the converters and the battery control system in charge and discharge modes.

关键词： Rectifier buck converter bidirectional DC/DC converter PI controller Pulse-WidthModulation(PWM) battery controller

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: A Case Report with Literature Review

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 531-535页

作者： ayad Ghanam Manal Azizi Hind Zahiri Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya Maria Rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (XGJ) is the most common form of non-Langerhansian histiocytosis. We report a pediatric case of multiple XGJ without visceral involvement in a 6-month-old female infant who was hospitalized with disseminated congenital skin nodules, of firm consistency, of variable diameter ranging from a few millimetres to 1 cm, involving the face, scalp, trunk and limbs. There was no mucosal localization. The remainder of the somatic examination was unremarkable. The diagnosis of disseminated XGJ was confirmed by skin biopsy without visceral or systemic involvement. Therapeutic abstention was recommended. This observation underlines the fact that XGJ is a rare clinical entity that should not be overlooked when faced with congenital skin nodules.

关键词： Cutaneous Nodules Juvenile Xanthogranuloma Child

Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children: About 10 Cases

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 522-530页

作者： ayad Ghanam Manal Azizi Hind Zahiri Houssain Benhaddou Imane Kamaoui Amal Bennani Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya Maria Rkain Noufissa Benajiba Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Pediatric Surgery Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Radiology Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Anatomopathology Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft-tissue tumor arising from striated muscle cells. It accounts for 60% - 70% of malignant mesenchymal tumors and 5% of pediatric cancers. Two-thirds of these cancers are diagnosed in children under 6 years of age, with a slight male predominance. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of 10 cases of RMS collected in the pediatric hematology and oncology department of the Oujda university hospital, over a 5-year period, running from January 2018 to December 2022. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 3 years, with a sex ratio of 1. The mean time to diagnosis was 2 months. The most common site was the head and neck (50%), followed by the genitourinary tract (20%), the extremities (20%) and finally the abdomen (10%). The most frequent mode of discovery was a mass or swelling found in 90% of patients (all sites included), followed by exophthalmos in 30% of cases. At the diagnostic stage, CT scans were performed in 70% of cases and MRI in 5 patients (50%). Histological diagnosis was determined by immunohistochemical pathology in all our patients, with a predominance of embryonal (70%) versus alveolar (20%) and spindle cell types (10%). All patients underwent an extension workup, and a cervico-thoraco-abdominopelvic CT was performed in all patients (100%);MRI was performed in 2 patients (20%);lymph node involvement was present in 5 patients (50%). Metastases at the time of diagnosis were noted in only 1 patient (10%), who simultaneously presented with two metastatic sites;testicular and abdominal wall. Sixty percent of patients presented with advanced disease (high risk) and 40% with standard risk. Chemotherapy was used in all patients (100%), with upfront tumor resection performed in 40%. Fifty percent of patients received radiotherapy at a mean dose of 43 Gy, with the orbit the most frequently irradiated area (30%). All patients underwent CTscan and/or MRI and/or ultrasound surveillance.

关键词： Rhabdomyosarcoma Child Chemotherapy Surgery Radiotherapy

Sahel Afforestation and Simulated Risks of Heatwaves and Flooding Versus Ecological Revegetation That Combines Planting and Succession

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第2期10卷 94-108页

作者： Lorenz Huebner ayad M. fadhil Al-Quraishi Oliver Branch Heman A. A. Gaznayee Flensburg Germany Petroleum and Mining Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Tishk International University Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Institute of Physics and Meteorology University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany Department of Forestry College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences Salahaddin University Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq

Studies simulating the large-scale afforestation of the African Sahel constantly find warning signals of increased risk of extreme temperatures and heatwaves resulting from changes in albedo and latent heat flow. We review the afforestation measures underlying three simulation studies, together with a restoration model in which compartments are formed by greenbelts to enable succession of savanna vegetation, protected from hot wind and drought. Savanna-like vegetation (around 20% woody plants) will show bright reflective surface and drying of leaves during dry season rather than constant green color, with very different impact on albedo and temperatures. We derive that the simulated risks of extreme heat and flooding from rain will strongly depend on species, shape and density of the new vegetation. Ecological restoration concepts are expected to mitigate or prevent such restoration related climatic risks. Compact afforestation of the Sahel does not appear to be necessary or feasible. A restoration model based on compartmentalization and the protected succession of diverse, climatically adaptable vegetation could also be used in populated drylands, as a sustainable and temperature balancing solution to desertification.

关键词： Extreme Heat Vegetational Compartments Natural Succession Dryland Restoration Savanna Vegetation Sahel Climate Simulation

Long term diazotrophic cultivation induces phycobiliprotein production in Anabaena variabilis IMU8

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BIOCELL 2019年第4期43卷 327-333页

作者： mohammed fadhil HADDAD TUGBA DAYIOGLU BARBAROS NALBANTOGLU TURGAY CAKMAK Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesIstanbul Medeniyet University34730IstanbulTurkey Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and SciencesYildiz Technical University34220IstanbulTurkey Mosul Technical Institute Northern Technical University41002MosulIraq

Cyanobacteria are considered as a sustainable feedstock for the production of biochemically active compounds such as phycobiliproteins(PBPs).In this study,the impact of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)availability on PBP production of“N-free acclimated”Anabaena variabilis IMU8 was *** isolation and identification,the cyanobacterium has been maintained in N-free BG-11 medium for more than 20 *** experimentation,the strain was incubated in N-replete,N-depleted,N-P-depleted BG-11 ***-term diazotrophic cultivation of *** IMU8 resulted in elevated PBP productivity with a limited impact on *** compared to N-depleted ones,N supply stimulated a slight induction of growth and total saccharide production,but total protein content did not change while PBP production *** the other hand,N-P-depletion resulted in decreased growth rate along with reduced total protein and PBP production while rapid induction of total saccharide production was *** transform infrared spectroscopy results refer that membrane-bound oligosaccharides may have regulatory roles for PBP production in *** IMU8 during long term diazotrophic cultivation.

关键词： Cyanobacteria Nitrogen Phosphorus Phycobiliprotein

An Analysis of Groundwater in Sinjar Plain (Northwest of Iraq) Using WQI Model

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2001年第4期12卷 291-295页

作者： Bassam F Al Bassam ayad M fadhil Faculty of Earth Resources , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074

Sinjar plain-northwest Iraq has an abundant amount of groundwater. Due to the importance of this water source, the water quality index (WQI) model was used in the classification of groundwater in the western and eastern regions of Sinjar plain for beneficial use. Groundwater samples were chemically analyzed to calculate the values of WQI. This model consists of a single number of the integrated deviation from standard quality, which indicates the relative importance of each relevant variable for beneficial use. The results indicate that the WQI could be used to determine the particular uses of groundwater. The groundwater in the Sinjar plain is more suitable for irrigation than for livestock drinking and domestic use.

关键词： water quality index Sinjar plain groundwater classification.

Sand Dunes Fixation in Baiji District, Iraq

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2002年第1期13卷 67-72页

作者： ayad mohammed fadhilFaculty of Earth Resources , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074

This study was carried out at Sand Dunes Stabilization Researches Station in Baiji district (230 km north of Baghdad, Iraq) to evaluate the effects of local soil conditioners manufactured from oil derivatives and plant residuals on sand dunes fixation as the first step for sand dunes stabilization. The results indicate that the fuel oil has the first place in improving wind erosion parameters in the study area, such as increasing mean weight diameter, dry aggregates percentage, the needed time for complete disaggregation by dry sieving, and decreasing the disaggregation rates. Bitumen emulsion occupies the second place, while the plant residuals occupies the third place and has slight effects on the studied parameters. Effects of conditioners on natural vegetation cover are negative in oil derivatives treatments, while positive in plants residuals treatments.

关键词： sand dunes fixation soil conditioners wind erosion Iraq.

Stratigraphic Correlation between Subsurface Maastrichtian Digma Formation and Safra Unit from Outcrop Sections, Western Desert of Iraq

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International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第9期8卷 1192-1209页

作者： Ibrahim Q. mohammed fadhil A. Lawa Geochemistry of Sedimentary Rock (Almufeed Co) Baghdad Iraq Department of Geology College Of Science University of Sulaimani Sulaimani Iraq

In this work we try to clarify, and correlate between two Maastrichtian aged units, namely Digma and Safra Units from selected sections in western desert of Iraq. Taking in consideration the stratigraphic code of NASCENT (2005), and the results of previous studies, nine criteria have been used for the correlation, as follow: 1- From lithostratigraphic point of view, Digma Formation (Fm.) mostly composed of dark grey to blackish gray, uniform Carbonates-dominated facies, while Safra unit is characterized by light yellowish brown mixed phosphatic- siliceous-siliciclastics and carbonates facies. 2- Digma Fm. is characterized by Benthonic foraminifera assemblages (Bulimmina sp., Siphogerinoides sp. & Bolivinoides sp. ), while Safra phosphatic unit is flourished by macrofossils assemblages and vertebrates (Oyster, fish teeth’s and bones). 3- The upper and lower boundaries of the Digma Fm. are conformable, and vice versa for Safra Unit. 4- Illite/Semctite mixed layers-Illite clays assemblage and Glauconitic are predominates in Digma Fm., while Sepiolite-palygorskite-Montmorillonite, are common in Safra Unit, without any Glauconitic mineralization. 5- Digma Fm. slightly influenced by neomorphism and micritization. On other hand, Safra facies extremely influenced by phosphatization, silicification, dolomitization, and neomorphism and carbonate-silica replacement of the original evaporate minerals. 6- The predominated foraminiferal wackestone and mudstone microfacies, within Digma facies associations, mostly indicate deep trough marine condition (Anah Graben). The mixed phosphatic-carbonates (Oyster coquina band) and siliciclastics facies, (occasionally cross laminated), mostly deposited in shallower water depth, on the Arabian platform and distal steepened ramp towards Rutba flanks. 7- Sequence boundary of type one and three is bounded the Safra Unit respectively from upper and lower parts. 8- Continuously deposited Sequence was detected from the parasequences of the Safra

关键词： Maastrichtian Digma Formation Safra Unit Western Iraq