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Observing the stages of bystander intervention in virtual reality simulation

World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第3期10卷 145-151页

作者： David G. Buckler Alfredo Almodovar Jr Paul Snobelen Benjamin S. Abella audrey Blewer Marion Leary Center for Resuscitation Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Peel Regional Paramedic Service 1600 Bovaird Dr. E Brampton ON L6R 3S8 Canada Department of Community & Family Medicine Duke University Medical Center DUMC 2914 Durham NC 27710 USA School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania 418 Guardian Drive Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

BACKGROUND: Understanding bystander reactions to an emergency is an important component of effective training. Four stages of bystander intervention (BI) have been previously described: noticing the situation as a problem, interpreting when it is appropriate to intervene, recognizing personal responsibility to intervene, and knowing how to intervene. Using virtual reality (VR) to simulate emergencies such as sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) can be used to study these stages. METHODS: In a secondary analysis of an observational cohort study, we analyzed bystander self-effi cacy for stages of BI before and after simulated SCA. Each subject participated in a singleplayer, immersive, VR SCA scenario. Subjects interacted with simulated bystanders through voice commands (“call 911”,“get an AED”). Actions taken in scenario, like performing CPR, were documented. Scenario BI actions were compared based on dichotomized comfort/discomfort. RESULTS: From June 2016 to June 2017, 119 subjects participated. Average age was 37±14 years, 44% were female and 46% reported CPR training within 2 years. During the scenario, 98%“noticed the event” and “interpreted it as a problem”, 78%“took responsibility”, and 54%“possessed the necessary skills”. Self-effi cacy increased from pre- to post-scenario: noticing the event increased from 80% to 96%;interpreting as a problem increased from 86% to 97%;taking responsibility increased from 56% to 93%;possessing necessary skills increased from 47% to 63%(P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy to respond to an SCA event increased pre- to post-scenario. Bystanders who reported feeling comfortable “taking responsibility to intervene” during an emergency were more likely to take action during a simulated emergency.

关键词： Virtual reality Bystander intervention Emergency preparedness

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Determination of Cusp Number and Occlusal Groove Pattern in Mandibular Molars:A Preliminary Epidemiological Study in an Indian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2016年第2期2卷 98-101页

作者： Urvashi Ashwin Shetty Pushparaja Shetty audrey Madonna D’Cruz Departments of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and 1Public Health Dentistry A.B.Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental ScienceNitte UniversityMangaloreKarnatakaIndia

Teeth are excellent material in living and nonliving populations for anthropological,genetic,odontologic,and forensic *** present study aims to study the number of a number of cusps in the first and second mandibular molar and to assess the frequency and expression of different types of occlusal groove *** cross‑sectional study is carried *** hundred patients attending the Outpatient Department of the hospital were recruited for the study based on exclusion and inclusion *** examination was done,and the morphological details of the crown(the number of cusps)were *** casts of the mandibular teeth were *** occlusal grooves were highlighted by using Indian ink and observed under the 2×magnification for the groove pattern(+or y type).Descriptive statistics were carried out for the *** the case of mandibular first molar,the 5 cusp form was the most frequent occlusal configuration(82%)followed by 6 cusp variety(12%)and 4 cusp variety(4%)*** predominant occlusal groove pattern seen in mandibular first molar was“y”shape(65%)followed by“+”pattern(28%).Hence,the most frequent occlusal surface configuration in case of first mandibular molar was“y5”*** the case of mandibular second molar,the 4 cusp form was the most frequent occlusal configuration(86%),followed by 5 cusp type(12%)*** predominant occlusal groove pattern seen in mandibular second molar was a“+”shape(85%)followed by“y”pattern(11%).Hence,the most frequent occlusal surface configuration in case of mandibular second molar was“+4”*** study of dental morphological characteristics is important in forensic and anthropological research as it can provide information on the phylogenetic relationship between species,as well as variation and diversities within a population.

关键词： Anthropology cusp dentistry forensic occlusal groove teeth

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Mechanism for Src activation by the CCK2 receptor:Patho-physiological functions of this receptor in pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第28期12卷 4498-4503页

作者： audrey Ferrand Sebastien Vatinel Aline Kowalski-Chauvel Claudine Bertrand Chantal Escrieut Daniel Fourmy Marlene Dufresne Catherine Seva Dufresne Catherine SevaINSERM U 531IFR 31Institut Louis BugnardBP 8422531432 Toulouse cedex 4France

AIM： TO investigate in vivo, whether CCK2 receptors （CCK2R） regulate proteins known to play a crucial role in cell proliferation and cancer development and analyse in vitro the molecular mechanisms that lead to Src activation; in particular, to identify the domains within the CCK2R sequence that are implicated in this activation. METHODS： The expression and activation of Src and ERK were studied in vivo using immunofluorescence and western-blot techniques. We used pancreatic tissues derived from wild type or Elas-CCK2 mice that expressed the CCK2R in pancreatic acini, displayed an increased pancreatic growth and developed preneoplastic lesions. The pancreatic tumor cell line AR4-2J expressing the endogenous CCK2R or COS-7 cells transiently transfected with wild type or mutant CCK2R were used as in vitro models to study the mechanism of Src activation. Src activation was measured by in vitro kinase assays, ERK activation by western blot using antiphospho-ERK antibodies and the involvement of Src in gastrin-induced cell proliferation by MTT test. RESULTS： We showed in vivo that the targeted CCK2R expression in the pancreas of Elas-CCK2 mice, led to the activation of Src and the ERK pathway. Src was activated upstream of the ERK pathway by the CCK2R in pancreatic tumoral cells and contributed to the proliferative effects mediated by this receptor. In vitro results demonstrated that activation of the Src/ERK pathway by the CCK2R required the NPXXY motif, located within the CCK2R sequence at the end of the 7^th transmembrane domain, and suggested the putative role of Gq in this mechanism. CONCLUSION： Deregulation of the Src/ERK pathway by the CCK2R might represent an early step that contributes to cell proliferation, formation of preneoplastic lesions and pancreatic tumor development.

关键词： Gastrin, Src Pancreas CCK2 receptor

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The failed invasion of Harmonia axyridis in the Azores, Portugal: Climatic restriction or wrong population origin?

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 238-250页

作者： Alberto J.Alaniz Antonio OSoares Pablo M.Vergara Eduardo Brito de Azevedo audrey A.Grez Laboratorio de Ecologia de Ambientes Fragmentados Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas AnimatesFacultad de Ciencias VeterinariasPecuariasUniversidad de ChileChile Centro de Estudios en Ecologia Espacial y Medio Ambiente EcogeografiaSantiagoChile Departamento de Gestion Agra ria Facultad TecnologicaUniversidad de Santiago de ChileChile Center for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes and Azorean Biodiversity GroupFaculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of the AzoresPonta DelgadaPortugal Center of Climate Departamento de Ciencias AgrariasMeteorology and Global Change of the University of the Azores(CCMMG-CITA-A)Universidade dos AzoresAngra do HeroismoPortugal

We tested two questions:(i)whether the climatic conditions of the Azorean Islands in Portugal may have restricted the invasion of Harmonia axyridis across this archipelago and(ii)determine what population of this species could have a higher probability of invading the *** used MaxEnt to project the climate requirements of different *** populations from three regions of the world,and the potential global niche of the species in the Azorean *** we assessed the suitability of the islands for each of the three *** populations and global potential niche through histograms analysis,Principal Component Analysis(PCA)of climate variables,and a variable-by-variable assessment of the suitability response curves compared with the climatic conditions of the *** conditions of the Azores are less suitable for the *** native Asian populations of ***,and more suitable for European populations and the global potential *** PCA showed that the climatic conditions of the islands differed from the climatic requirements of *** difference is mainly explained by precipitation of the wettest month,isothermality,and the minimum temperature of the coldest *** concluded that the climatic conditions of the Azores could have influenced the establishment and spread of *** on these islands from *** results showed that abiotic resistance represented by the climate of the potentially colonizable zones could hinder the establishment of invasive insects,but it could vary depending of the origin of the colonizing population.

关键词： climatic suitability Harlequin ladybird Invasibility invasive alien species Niche analysis Species Distribution Model

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αV integrin:A new gastrin target in human pancreatic cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第40期17卷 4488-4495页

作者： Celine Cayrol Claudine Bertrand Aline Kowalski-Chauvel Laurence Daulhac Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan-Moyal audrey Ferrand Catherine Seva INSERM UMR1037-Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Paul Sabatier University Toulouse Ⅲ 31432 Toulouse cedex 4 France INSERM U766 Department of pharma-cology Clermont 1 University of Pharmacy 63001 Clermont-Ferrand France

AIM： To analyse αv integrin expression induced by gas- trin in pancreatic cancer ***： αv integrin mRNA expression in human pan- creatic cancer cells was analysed using a ＂cancer genes＂ array and confirmed by real-time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Western blotting and semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry were used to examine protein levels in human pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic tissues, respectively, The role of αv integrin on gastrin-induced cell adhesion was examined using blocking anti-αv integrin monoclonal antibodies. Adherent cells were quantified by staining with crystal ***： Using a ＂cancer genes＂ array we identi- fied c^v integrin as a new gastrin target gene in human pancreatic cancer cells. A quantitative real-time PCR approach was used to confirm αv integrin gene expression. We also demonstrate that Src family kinases and the PI 3-kinase, two signalling pathways specifically activated by the CCK-2 receptor （CCK2R）, are involved in gastrin-mediated αv integrin expression. In contrast, inhibition of the ERK pathway was without any effect on αv integrin expression induced by gastrin. Our results also show that gastrin modulates cell adhesion via αv integrins. Indeed, in vitro adhesion assays performed on fibronectin show that gastrin significantly increases adhesion of pancreatic cancer cells. The use of blocking anti-αv integrin monoclonal antibodies completely reversed the increase in cell-substrate adhesion induced by gastrin. In addition, we showed in vivo that the targeted CCK2R expression in the pancreas of Elas-CCK2 mice, leads to the overexpression of αv integrin. This process may contribute to pancreatic turnout development observed in these transgenic ***： αv integrin is a new gastrin target in pancreatic cancer models and contributes to gastrin effects on cell adhesion.

关键词： v integrin Cell adhesion CCK-2 receptor Gastrin Pancreatic cancer

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Contemporary Art and Classical Art Shining at the Same Art Fair

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China's Foreign Trade 2012年第6期 84-86页

作者： audrey Guo

As one of the most influential art fairs in Asia, "Art Beijing2012" was closed on May 2 in Beijing Agriculture Exhibition Center. This year, "Art Beijing-Contemporary Art Fair" and "ArtBeijing-Classical Art Fair" were... 详细信息

关键词： Exhibition jointly exhibition opera painting influ

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Accuracy between clinical and radiological diagnoses compared to surgical orbital biopsies

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第4期16卷 616-622页

作者： audrey Tang Helen Hoi-Lam Ng Taras Gout Bernard Chang Nabil El-Hindy George Kalantzis School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2.9 JTUnited Kingdom Department of Ophthalmology St.James’s University HospitalLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustBeckett StreetLeedsLS97TFUnited Kingdom

AIM:To assess the concordance between diagnosing orbital lesions by clinical examination,orbital imaging,and histological evaluation,in order to help guide future research and clinical ***:A retrospective analysis was undertaken at a large regional tertiary referral centre of all surgical orbital biopsies performed over a 5-year period,from 1st January 2015 until 31st December *** and concordance between clinical,radiological and histological diagnoses are reported as percentage sensitivity and positive predictive ***:A total of 128 operations involving 111 patients were ***,sensitivities of 47.7%for clinical and 37.3%for radiological diagnoses were found when compared to the histological gold *** lesions that have characteristic clinical and radiological features had the highest sensitivity at 71.4%and 57.1%,*** conditions showed the lowest sensitivity in both clinical(30.3%)and radiological(18.2%)*** PPV for inflammatory conditions were 47.6%for clinical and 30.0%for radiological ***:Accurate diagnoses are difficult to reach by relying on clinical examination and imaging *** orbital biopsy with histological diagnosis should remain the gold standard approach for definitively identifying orbital *** larger scale prospective studies would help further refine concordance and guide future research avenues.

关键词： orbital biopsy orbital lesion histological diagnosis radiological diagnosis clinical diagnosis

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Tourism Recovery Accelerates in the “Post-pandemic Era”

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China's Foreign Trade 2020年第6期 54-55页

作者： audrey Guo 不详

On July 14th,2020 the Ministry of Culture and Tourism issued a notice that cross-province(regional and municipal)group tourism andthe“air ticket+hotel”business can be resumed conditionally,which signaled domestic tourism finally being able to embrace a good opportunity for fully *** the market recovery period,all the travel platforms saw fierce competition and unanimously focused on the same theme-“safe travel”.

关键词： travel resume finally

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Changes in Urban Investment Environment of China

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China's Foreign Trade 2021年第3期 53-56页

作者： audrey Guo 不详

Tianyancha recently issued“Develop-ment Report on China’s Urban In-vestment Environment”,which indi-cates that in recent years the number of corporate legal personnel in China has contin-ued to rise steadily,and that the private economy had an improved operation quality and *** 2011,there were more than 12 million corpo-rate legal personnel in China,and by 2019,this number exceeded 25 ***,74.9%of legal personnel were from the private economy in China,up from 43.8%in 2011.

关键词： Urban legal efficiency.

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13^(th) Five-year Plan Draws up Blueprint for China Economic Development

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China's Foreign Trade 2015年第6期 8-9页

作者： audrey Guo

On November 3,Xinhua News Agency issued the Proposal of CPC Central Committee for the Thirteenth Five-year Plan on National Economic and Social *** March the national congress will approve this proposal and release th... 详细信息

关键词： congress issued edition proposal Agency socialist completion modernization contributions grasp

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