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Physical fitness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic:Results of annual national physical fitness surveillance among 16,647,699 Japanese children and adolescents between 2013 and 2021

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 246-254页

作者： Tetsuhiro Kidokoro Grant R.Tomkinson Justin JLang Koya suzuki Research Institute for Health and Sport Science Nippon Sport Science UniversityTokyo 158-8508Japan Graduate School of Health and Sports Science Juntendo UniversityInzai City 270-1695Japan Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity(ARENA)University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5000Australia Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research Public Health Agency of CanadaOttawaON K1A 0K9Canada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

Background:Limited nationally representative evidence is available on temporal trends in physical fitness(PF)for children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** primary aim was to examine the temporal trends in PF for Japanese children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 *** secondary aim was to estimate the concurrent trends in body size(measured as body mass and height)and movement behaviors(exercise,screen,and sleep time).Methods:Census PF data for children in Grade 5(aged 10-11 years)and adolescents in Grade 8(aged 13-14 years)were obtained for the years 2013-2021 from the National Survey of Physical Fitness,Athletic Performance,and Exercise Habits in Japan(n=16,647,699).PF and body size were objectively measured,and movement behaviors were *** sample-weighted linear regression,temporal trends in mean PF were calculated before the pandemic(2013-2019)and during the pandemic(2019-2021)with adjustments for age,sex,body size,and exercise ***:When adjusted for age,sex,body size,and exercise time,there were significant declines in PF during the pandemic,with the largest declines observed in 20-m shuttle run(standardized(Cohen’s)effect size(ES)=-0.109 per annum(p.a.))and sit-ups performance(ES=-0.133p.a.).The magnitude of the declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances were 18-and 15-fold larger,respectively,than the improvements seen before the pandemic(2013-2019),after adjusting for age,sex,body size,and exercise *** the pandemic,both body mass and screen time significantly increased,and exercise time ***:Declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances suggest corresponding declines in population health during the COVID-19pandemic.

关键词： Census Physical inactivity Public health Temporal trends Youth

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rhe Mitochondrion-Targeted PENTATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT78 Protein Is Required for nad5 Mature mRNA Stability and Development in Maize

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Molecular Plant 2017年第10期10卷 1321-1333页

作者： Ya-Feng Zhang Masaharu suzuki Feng Sun Bao-Cai Tan Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding College of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611 USA

Pentatricopepetide repeat （PPR） proteins are a large family of RNA-binding proteins involved in RNA meta- bolism in plant organelles. Although many PPR proteins have been functionally studied, few of them are identified with a function in mitochondrial RNA stability. By using a reverse genetic approach, we characterized the role of the mitochondrion-targeted PPR78 protein in nad5 mature mRNA stability and maize （Zea mays） seed development. Loss of PPR78 function leads to a dramatic reduction in the steady-state level of mitochondrial nad5 mature mRNA, blocks the assembly of complex I in the electron transport chain, and causes an arrest in embryogenesis and endosperm development. Characterization of a second strong allele confirms the function of PPR78 in nad5 mRNA accumulation and maize seed development. The generation of mature nad5 requires the assembly of three distinct precursor RNAs via transsplicing reactions, and the accumulation ofnad5T1 precursor is reduced in the ppr78 mutants. However, it is the instability of mature nad5 rather than nad5T1 causing loss of the full-length nad5 transcript, and degradation of nad5 losing both translation start and stop codons is enriched in the mutant. Our data imply the assembly of mature nad5 mRNA precedes the protection of PPR78.

关键词： PPR nad5 mitochondrial RNA stability complex I seed development maize

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Quantifying Roll Feel of a Car by Using a Musculoskeletal Mathematical Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第3期118卷 493-507页

作者： Masaki Izawa Ryota Araki Tatsuro suzuki Kaito Watanabe Kazuhito Misaji Showa Corporation 112-1 Haga-daiHaga-machHaga-gunTochigiJapan Ex-Graduate Student Nihon UniversityCollege of Industrial TechnologyDepartment of Mathematical Information EngineeringJapan Nihon University College of Industrial TechnologyDepartment of Mathematical Information EngineeringJapan

Primary purpose of this research is to create a three-dimensional musculoskeletal mathematical model of a driver of a car using a motion capture *** model is then used in an analysis of drive torque around joints and attached muscles as a vehicle travels in different travel modes and damping force settings to examine‘burdens’for the *** studies proposed a method of quantifying the degree of musculoskeletal load in simple human motion from the changes in drive torque around joints and attached ***,examination of the level of burdens for the driver while driving using this method does not seem to *** within the scope of evaluating different travel modes and dampers,there is no other *** of this study are hence a valuable new perspective on quantitative analysis of the burdens for the driver’s joints and muscles depending on the different settings of travel modes and dampers.

关键词： Human engineering biomechanics musculoskeletal mathematical model driving torque motion capture

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Transfer of electrons on scratched iron surfaces:Photoelectron emission and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies

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Friction 2018年第1期6卷 98-115页

作者： Yoshihiro MOMOSE Daisuke suzuki Keika TSURUYA Takao SAKURAI Keiji NAKAYAMA Department of Materials Science Ibaraki University Ashikaga Institute of Technology Institute of Mesotechnology

We report the activation energy, ΔEa, for the quantum yield in thermally assisted photoelectron emission(TAPE) under 210-nm-wavelength light irradiation, and the associated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) results. Samples were cleaned only in acetone and scratched in air, water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, benzene, and cyclohexane. Glow curves, describing the temperature dependence of photoelectron emission(PE) quantum yield(emitted electrons/photon), Y, were obtained. A simple method of determining ΔEa using Y, called YGC, at seven temperatures up to 353 °C, for the same Y glow curve, was proposed. The ΔEa obtained using this method was almost the same as that obtained from Y for seven stationary temperatures(YST). For scratched samples, the TAPE was measured over two cycles of temperature increase and subsequent decrease(Up1, Down1 and Up2, Down2 scans) in the 25–339 °C range, and ΔE_a was obtained from YGC. The Arrhenius plot was approximated by a straight line, although a convex swelling peak appeared in the Up1 scan. ΔE_(aUp1) was in the 0.212–0.035 eV range, depending on the environment in which scratching was performed; ΔE_(aUp1) for water was much higher than that for acetone. This was explained in terms of the mode of the acid–base interaction between the liquid molecules and the hydroxyl group of Fe–OH. The values of ΔE_(aDown1), ΔEa Up2, and ΔE_(aDown2) were in the 0.038–0.012 eV range. The total count of electrons emitted during the Up1 and Up2 scans was found to decrease with increasing ΔE_(aUp1) and ΔE_(aUp2), respectively. ΔE_(aUp2) was found to increase with increasing presence of the FeO component in the analyzed Fe oxides. The convex swelling peak was attributed to the removal of carbon materials from the scratched surface and the effect of the increased electron density of the surface hydroxyl group of FeOH under the light irradiation.

关键词： thermally assisted photoelectron emission XPS real iron scratch-inducing environment Arrhenius activation energy environment molecule-surface hydroxyl group interaction

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Preoperative assessment of liver function and perioperative management of posthepatectomy liver failure

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 527-529页

作者： Masahiro Shiihara Mitsugi Shimoda Shuji suzuki Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Ibaraki Medical CenterTokyo Medical UniversityIbarakiJapan

PHLF is the status of disfunction in synthesis,excretion and *** to International Study Group of Liver Surgery(ISGLS),PHLF is defined by an increased bilirubin level and international normalized ratio(INR)on or after postoperative 5 days,and is graded by clinical severity from grades A to C(1,2).Grade A is the condition without any *** B deviates from normal postoperative management and requires blood products,diuretics,oxygen administration,and so *** C is the status with multiple organ failure which requires intensive management including respirator,dialysis,and liver transplantation,*** mortality rates in A,B and C were estimated 0%,12%,and 54%,respectively(1).Although PHLF has decreased due to extensive studies of risk factors for PHLF and improvements in surgical techniques,it remains high for several types of *** to a nationwide survey of board-certified training institutions by the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery,90-day mortality rates is 10.3%and 6.7%after left trisectionectomy and hepatopancreatectomy,respectively(3).Further,the mortality rates after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)was reported over 5%(4).

关键词： Hepatectomy posthepatectomy liver failure posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)

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STUDY ON THE TEXTURE OF A FRICTION STIR WELDED Mg-Al-Ca ALLOY

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2006年第5期19卷 335-340页

作者： D. T. Zhang M. suzuki K. Maruyama Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University 6-6-02 Aoba-yamaAoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan College of Mechanical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640 China

Macro-texture of an Mg-Al-Ca alloy prepared by friction stir welding （FSW） was investigated through pole figure measurement and X-ray diffraction （XRD） pattern analysis. It was found that at the top and bottom surfaces of friction stir zone （FSZ）, （0002） basal planes of magnesium tend to be arranged parallel to the plate surface. In the cross section of FSZ, no obvious texture had evolved and （0002） basal planes showed a random distribution.

关键词： friction stir welding (FSW) Mg-Al-Ca alloy texture microstructure

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TRAVELING MACHINE DRIVEN BY PIEZOELECTRIC BIMORPH

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2007年第2期20卷 73-76页

作者： HUA Shunming CHENG Guangming FAN Zunqiang YANG Zhigang suzuki Katsiyoshi College of Mechanical Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130025 China Faculty of Technology Yamagata UniversityYonezawa 992-0062 Japan

A rectangular bimorph will vibrate in bending mode under alternating current （AC） electric field. If two opposite tips along longitudinal direction are both clamped, the maximum magnitude of bending displacement occurs on the short center line. Using bimorpb type vibrators forementioned as actuators, an invention of simple traveling machine based on stick-slip principle is presented. The machine can not only move along both x and y direction within horizontal working plane, furthermore, excellent bearing ability and agile response as well as stable step are also proved. In addition, the machine can work on stepping mode and scanning mode at the same time, hence the contradiction between long stroke and high precise positioning is solved. Therefore, it meets the needs of micro/nanometer precise positioning under long stroke and is desired to be used as carrying stage for micro-assembling system and locomotive mechanism for miniature robot system.

关键词： Traveling machine Piezoelectric bimorpb Stick-slip principle

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Relationship Between Degree of Starch Gelatinization and Quality Attributes of Parboiled Rice During Steaming

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Rice science 2016年第6期23卷 339-344页

作者： Ebrahim TAGHINEZHAD Mohammad Hadi KHOSHTAGHAZA Saeid MINAEI Toru suzuki Tom BRENNER Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Biosystems Engineering Department Tarbiat Modares University Food Science and Technology Department Tokyo University of Marine Science & Technology Materials & Life Sciences Department Sophia University

Paddy rice samples were parboiled by soaking at 65℃ for 180 min and steaming at 96℃ for 2–10 min,and then dried to achieve the final moisture content of 11% ± 1%. The degree of starch gelatinization （DSG） andseveral quality attributes （head rice yield （HRY）, color value and hardness） of parboiled rice were *** showed that DSG （46.8%–77.9%）, color value （18.08–19.04） and hardness （118.6–219.2 N） allincreased following steaming. In contrast, the HRY increased （64.8%–67.1%） for steaming times between 2–4min but decreased （67.1%–65.0%） for steaming times between 4–10 min. Linear relations between DSG andcolor value （R2 = 0.87）, and DSG and hardness （R2 = 0.88） were observed. The suitable DSG of parboiled riceleading to the highest HRY was found to be 62.5%, obtained following 4 min of steaming.

关键词： parboiling process rice head rice yield color value hardness degree of starch gelatinization

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Numerical Simulation of Ice Accretion Phenomena on Rotor Blade of Axial Blower

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第4期21卷 322-326页

作者： Taiki Matsuura Masaya suzuki Makoto Yamamoto Shinichiro Shishido Takeshi Murooka Hiroshi Miyagawa Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science 1-14-6 Kudankita Chiyoda-ku Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science 1-14-6 Kudankita Chiyoda-ku Research and Engineering Division IHI Corporation 229 Tonogaya Mizuho-cho Nishitama-gun

Ice accretion is the phenomenon that super-cooled water droplets impinge and accrete on a body. It is well known that ice accretion on blades and airfoils leads to performance degradation and severe accidents. For this reason, experimental investigations have been carried out using flight tests or icing tunnels. However, it is too expensive, dangerous, and difficult to set actual icing conditions. Hence, computational fluid dynamics is useful to predict ice accretion. A rotor blade is one of jet engine components where ice accretes. Therefore, the authors focus on the ice accretion on a rotor blade in this study. Three-dimensional icing phenomena on the rotor blade of a commercial axial blower are computed here, and ice accretion on the rotor blade is numerically investigated.

关键词： Icing Computational Fluid Dynamics Euler-Lagrangian Coupling Rotor Blade Axial Blower

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Fabrication and characterization of TiO2-based dye-sensitized solar cells

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2011年第2期21卷 122-126页

作者： Takeo OKU Nariaki KAKUTA Kengo KOBAYASHI Atsushi suzuki Kenji KIKUCHI Department of Materials Science The University of Shiga PrefectureShiga 522-8533Japan

Dye-sensitized solar cells TiO2with were *** phase composition and microstructures of the solar cells were examined by X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy,and the energy levels of the present solar cells were also *** results show that a solar cell mixed with xylenol orange and rose Bengal shows a higher conversion efficiency compared to solar cells with a single *** introduction of amorphous TiO2layers results in an improvement of the conversion efficiency.

关键词： solar cell TiO2 dye porphyrin microstructure

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