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Neuropsychological Assessment of Learning and Memory in Rats Following Ketamine Exposure during Late Adolescence

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第12期10卷 568-589页

作者： Julianna M. Davis David Compton Miranda Heit ashley fravel Kimberly Wood Department of Psychology Behavioral Neuroscience Program Palm Beach Atlantic University West Palm Beach USA

With the prevalent issue of drug abuse in society, research regarding the effects of ketamine, a drug frequently abused by youth in club settings, has increased. Despite its potential for misuse, ketamine has demonstrated potential as a fast-acting antidepressant and seems to work well for relieving treatment-resistant depression. However, previous research has shown ketamine use may cause impairments in frontal and medial temporal lobe functioning, leading to problems with memory. While under the influence of ketamine, individuals also display problems with spatial working memory when compared to individuals not dosed with ketamine. The majority of previous research has examined the short-term impact of ketamine use with studies on neurodevelopment largely confined to postnatal exposure. In the present study, the long-term effects on memory caused by repeated ketamine exposure during late adolescence were examined. Rats were used as nonhuman models in order to investigate the cognitive risks resulting from chronic use of ketamine. The results indicated that low-ketamine dosed rats demonstrated significantly better spatial memory recall compared to high-ketamine dosed rats. In addition, high-ketamine dosed rats appeared to struggle more with working memory than the rats in the low-ketamine and control groups. Similarly, both drug groups showed significantly more working memory and reference memory errors than the control group. This indicates that higher doses of ketamine during late adolescence may cause working and spatial memory impairments later in life.

关键词： Ketamine Memory Impairments Long-Term Effects Spatial Memory Working Memory

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Olfactory immune response to SARS-CoV-2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 134-143页

作者： Sebastian A.Wellford E.ashley Moseman Department of Integrative Immunobiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Numerous pathogens can infect the olfactory tract,yet the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has strongly emphasized the importance of the olfactory mucosa as an immune barrier.Situated in the nasal passages,the olfactory mucosa is directly exposed to the environment to sense airborne odorants;however,this also means it can serve as a direct route of entry from the outside world into the brain.As a result,olfactotropic infections can have serious consequences,including dysfunction of the olfactory system,CNS invasion,dissemination to the lower respiratory tract,and transmission between individuals.Recent research has shown that a distinctive immune response is needed to protect this neuronal and mucosal tissue.A better understanding of innate,adaptive,and structural immune barriers in the olfactory mucosa is needed to develop effective therapeutics and vaccines against olfactotropic microbes such as SARS-CoV-2.Here,we summarize the ramifications of SARS-CoV-2 infection of the olfactory mucosa,review the subsequent immune response,and discuss important areas of future research for olfactory immunity to infectious disease.

关键词： Mucosal immunology Neuroimmunology Infectious Disease Sars-CoV-2

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Simulation-based assessment for the emergency medicine milestones: a national survey of simulation experts and program directors

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 301-305页

作者： Afrah A Ali ashley Crimmins Hegang Chen Danya Khoujah Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Department of Emergency Medicine AdventHealth TampaTampa 33606USA

The focus of outcome-based education has shifted from the process of training to the end“product”of education.This has necessitated a reframing of the teaching,learning,and assessment.Therefore,in 2013,the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education(ACGME)implemented the educational milestones for all accredited residencies and fellowship programs.[1]The milestones have been described as“developmentally based,specialty-specific achievements that residents are expected to demonstrate at established intervals as they progress through training.”[1]Milestones are based on the six core competencies established by the ACGME and American Board of Medical Specialties(ABMS),which consist of medical knowledge(MK),patient care(PC),interpersonal and communication skills(ICS),practice-based learning and improvement(PBLI),professionalism(PROF),and systems-based practice(SBP).[2,3]ACGME,in conjunction with the American Board of Emergency Medicine(ABEM),drafted 23 detailed subcompetencies relevant to emergency medicine(EM).[4]

关键词： Miles milestone education

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Understanding the oxidation chemistry of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(MXene)sheets and their catalytic performances

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 437-445,I0010页

作者： Suvdanchimeg Sunderiya Selengesuren Suragtkhuu Solongo Purevdorj Tumentsereg Ochirkhuyag Munkhjargal Bat-Erdene Purevlkham Myagmarsereejid ashley DSlattery Abdulaziz SRBati Joseph GShapter Dorj Odkhuu Sarangerel Davaasambuu Munkhbayar Batmunkh Department of Chemistry Division of Natural SciencesSchool of Arts and SciencesNational University of MongoliaUlaanbaatar 14200Mongolia Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre School of Environment and ScienceGriffith UniversityNathan campusBrisbaneQueensland 4111Australia Department of Physics Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Adelaide Microscopy The University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth Australia 5005Australia Centre for Organic Photonics&Electronics School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia

Transition metal carbides and nitrides(MXenes)nanosheets are attractive two-dimensional(2D)materials,but they suffer from oxidation/degradation issues during storage and/or applications due to their sensitivity to water and oxygen.Despite the great research progress,the exact oxidation kinetics of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(MXene)and their final products after oxidation are not fully understood.Herein,we systematically tracked the oxidation process of few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) nanosheets in an aqueous solution at room temperature over several weeks.We also studied the oxidation effects on the electrocatalytic properties of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) for hydrogen evolution reaction and found that the overpotential to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)increases from 0.435 to 0.877 V after three weeks of degradation,followed by improvement to stabilized values of around 0.40 V after eight weeks.These results suggest that severely oxidized MXene could be a promising candidate for designing efficient catalysts.According to our detailed experimental characterization and theoretical calculations,unlike previous studies,black titanium oxide is formed as the final product in addition to white Ti(IV)oxide and disordered carbons after the complete oxidation of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x).This work presents significant advancements in better understanding of 2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(MXene)oxidation and enhances the prospects of this material for various applications.

关键词： 2D materials MXene Chemical degradation Catalysis Hydrogen evolution reaction

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中国美食,海外崛起

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疯狂英语（新读写） 2024年第1期 14-16,74页

作者： ashley Strickland 不详

中国的许多美食在国外备受欢迎,这一现象不仅反映出了中国传统美食的独特风味,更反映出了中国文化的多样性和丰富性。

关键词：传统美食独特风味文化的多样性丰富性

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海藻泛滥为大西洋岸边的海藻寻求创新用途

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第7期 28-29,46,47页

作者： ashley Miznazi 不详

海藻一旦堆积在南佛罗里达州的海滩上,就会带来各种各样的问题。它们散发臭味、破坏景观,而且运往垃圾掩埋场的费用又很高,但这在目前却是唯一可行的处理方案。也许有一天,一吨马尾藻可能会物有所值,即使不比黄金,也可能作为肥料。把海... 详细信息

海藻一旦堆积在南佛罗里达州的海滩上,就会带来各种各样的问题。它们散发臭味、破坏景观,而且运往垃圾掩埋场的费用又很高,但这在目前却是唯一可行的处理方案。也许有一天,一吨马尾藻可能会物有所值,即使不比黄金,也可能作为肥料。把海藻转变为植物饲料是迈阿密戴德县正在考虑的六项提议之一,也是该县努力找寻解决海藻激增现象新方法的一部分,科学家们预计气候变化只会导致这种现象持续恶化。

关键词：马尾藻海藻植物饲料物有所值气候变化佛罗里达州迈阿密大西洋

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猫头鹰迷在哪里

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小哥白尼（野生动物） 2024年第4期 4-7页

作者： ashley Cooper(图) 视觉中国

你喜欢猫头鹰吗?我猜多半是喜欢的,对吧?虽然你可能没有亲眼见过猫头鹰,但一说起猫头鹰,“夜猫子”“捕鼠能手”“不祥的鸟”“妇好鸮尊”等词汇,总有那么一两个在你脑中闪回。猫头鹰嘛,充满了传奇。

关键词：猫头鹰闪回词汇

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Configuration-dependent stretchable all-solid-state supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors

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Carbon Energy 2023年第5期5卷 1-47页

作者： Ahmad Amiri ashley Bruno Andreas A.Polycarpou J.Mike Walker’66 Mechanical Engineering Department Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA

Given the rise in the popularity of wearable electronics that are able to deform into desirable configurations while maintaining electrochemical functionality,stretchable and flexible(hybrid)supercapacitors(SCs)have become increasingly of interest as innovative energy storage devices.Their outstanding power density,long lifetime with low capacitance loss,and appropriate energy density,in particular in hybrid cases make them ideal candidates for flexible electronics.The aim of this review paper is to provide an in-depth discussion of these stretchable and flexible SCs ranging from fabrication to electro-mechanical properties.This review paper begins with a short overview of the fundamentals of charge storage mechanisms and different types of multivalent metal-ion hybrid SCs.The research methods leading up to the current state of these stretchable and flexible SCs are then presented.This is followed by an in-depth presentation of the challenges associated with the fabrication methods for different configurations.Proposed novel strategies to maximize the elastic and electrochemical properties of stretchable/flexible or quasi-solid-state SCs are classified and the pros and cons associated with each are shown.The advances in mechanical properties and the expected advancements for the future of these SCs are discussed in the last section.

关键词： 1D fiber-like SCs 2D planar supercapacitors 3D sponge and textile structures flexible/stretchable supercapacitors kirigami/origami-inspired structures

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Potential benefits of Qi Gong meditation in quantifiable physiology: A five-year longitudinal observation

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022年第3期9卷 340-348页

作者： ashley Xia The U.S.Center for Chinese Medicine by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Rockville20850USA

Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of Qi Gong practice has hindered the high-quality study to evaluate its health benefits.Methods: To develop such quantitative measures, vital sign changes in Qi Gong meditation practice of a single individual were monitored for 5 years by wearable devices.Results: This retrospective and exploratory analysis revealed significant changes in blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, and perfusion index in response to Qi Gong practice and physiological adaptation to its long-term training. Among the physiological changes in vital signs, a physiological state with a significant 2-fold increase in pulse-respiration rate ratio was detected during Qi Gong meditation while the ratios were maintained at 4 under resting, sleeping, and mild cycling conditions.Conclusion: This is an inaugural report of a five-year longitudinal observation of this kind. Once validated in a well-designed cohort study, these non-invasive and easily obtained vital signs may be used as biomarkers to assess the adherence to breathing control during Qi Gong practice and can be applied to quantify the quality of Qi Gong practice in clinical trials with Qi Gong intervention.

关键词： Qi Gong Meditation Oxygen saturation Pulse-respiration ratio Pulse-respiration quotient Cardiorespiratory coupling Training adaptation

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Influence of sex and rearing method on performance and flock uniformity in broilers-implications for research settings

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 276-283页

作者： ashley England Kosar Gharib-Naseri Sarbast KKheravii Shu-Biao Wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia

Male and female broiler chickens differ in their growth performance,carcass part weights and nutrient requirements.The potential reasons for these differences have been explored by looking at differences in nutrient digestibility,nutrient transporter gene expression as well as gut microbiota populations between male and female birds.Studies have shown that male broilers have higher crude protein requirements compared to female broilers.The expression of monosaccharide and amino acid transporters show conflicting results as expression depends on the interactions between sex and bird age and breed as well as which tissue is sampled.Differences in microbiota populations between the genders were reported which may contribute towards performance differences,however research in this area is limited.The differences observed between the sexes contribute to increased variation in nutrition trials,and the potential to rear birds as equally mixed-sex becomes an option to reduce the variation introduced by the sex effect.Difference in rearing options obviously would only be feasible provided a quick,practical and cost-effective method of sexing birds is available,a topic that is also discussed in this review.

关键词： Sex effect Chicken Gut microbiota Nutrient transporter gene expression Sexing method

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