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Relating Maxwell's demon and quantitative analysis of information leakage for practical imperative programs

Chinese Physics B 2017年第10期26卷 122-131页

作者： Kushal Anjaria arun mishra Department of Computer Science & Engineering DIAT

Shannon observed the relation between information entropy and Maxwell demon experiment to come up with information entropy formula. After that, Shannon＇s entropy formula is widely used to measure information leakage in imperative programs. But in the present work, our aim is to go in a reverse direction and try to find possible Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup for contemporary practical imperative programs in which variations of Shannon＇s entropy formula has been applied to measure the information leakage. To establish the relation between the second principle of thermodynamics and quantitative analysis of information leakage, present work models contemporary variations of imperative programs in terms of Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup. In the present work five contemporary variations of imperative program related to information quantification are identified. They are：（i） information leakage in imperative program, （ii） imperative multi- threaded program, （iii） point to point leakage in the imperative program, （iv） imperative program with infinite observation, and （v） imperative program in the SOA-based environment. For these variations, minimal work required by an attacker to gain the secret is also calculated using historical Maxwell＇s demon experiment. To model the experimental setup of Maxwell＇s demon, non-interference security policy is used. In the present work, imperative programs with one-bit secret information have been considered to avoid the complexity. The findings of the present work from the history of physics can be utilized in many areas related to information flow of physical computing, nano-computing, quantum computing, biological computing, energy dissipation in computing, and computing power analysis.

关键词： information Maxwell's demon second principle of thermodynamics information security reversible system

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Design,molecular docking,synthesis,characterization,biologi- cal activity evaluation (against MES model),in-silico biological activity spectrum (PASS analysis),toxicological and predicted oral rat LDso studies of novel sulphonamide derivatives

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第6期13卷 425-451页

作者： Ajeet Arvind Kumar arun K.mishra Drug Design Laboratory School of Pharmaceutical SciencesIFTM UniversityMoradabadUttar Pradeshlndia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry S.D.College of Pharmacy and Vocational StudiesMuzaffarnagarUttar PradeshIndia

Among the reported potential agents to treat the epilepsy, sulphonamides are important and their significance cannot be ignored. A series of substituted 4-amino-benzene sulfonamides were designed, keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore. Lipinski rule of five has been calculated; failure to Lipinski rule was not observed. Docking was performed through AutoDock Vina. Molecules have been screened out through docking. Compounds were synthesized and characterized through IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR, Mass and elemental analysis. The anticonvulsant activity of the synthesized compounds was assessed using the Maximal Electroshock Seizure (MES) model. In-silico biological activity spectrum, toxicological studies, predicted oral rats LD50 were performed. Docking studies showed good interaction with lyase (Oxo-acid) - human carbonic anhydrase-I (1AZM). The in-silico studies proved them to be with good drug-likeness properties, especially 4-(3-Acetyl-phenylamino)-methyl)-benzenesulfonamide (2g). These results revealed that the synthesized compounds (1a-1c, 2a-2q) exhibited promising anticonvulsant effect against MES model for inhibition of Lyase- Human Carbonic Anhydrase-I. After investigating all the results, the compound 4-(3-Acetyl-phenylamino)-methyl)-benzenesulfonamide (2g) is found to be best in the series. A comparatively good activity of compound 2g suggests us that sulphonamide can be leads to further optimization for building potent and chemically diversified anti-convulsant agents.

关键词： anticonvulsant sulfonamide docking in-silico studies

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Studies on metals and pesticide content in some Ayurvedic formulations containing Bacopa monnieri L.

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2016年第1期14卷 44-50页

作者： Amrita mishra arun K.mishra Om Prakash Tiwari Shivesh Jha Central Facility of Instrumentation School of Pharmaceutical SciencesIFTM University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Birla Institute of Technology

OBJECTIVE： Ayurvedic formulations are preferred over other formulations as well as commercialized on broad level to treat various ailments. The World Health Organization has established certain guidelines for quality control of heavy metals and pesticide residues. Bacopa monnieri, a popular herb with immunomodulator and memory-enhancing properties is the chief constituent of several Ayurvedic formulations, which include Brahmi Vati （BV）, Brahmi Ghrita （BG） and Saraswat Churna （SC）, etc. In view of the World Health Organization guidelines, two products of each formulation from six different manufacturers were purchased from Ayurvedic Pharmacy, Bulanala-Varanasi, India for testing heavy metal and pesticide residue. METHODS： In the present study, all the formulations--BY, BG and SC--were selected for estimation of four heavy metals namely lead （Pb）, cadmium （Cd）, chromium （Cr） and nickel （Ni） by a plasma emission spectrophotometer. Organochlorine pesticidal residues were estimated for dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane （HCH） and a-endosulfan, etc. in total 12 samples of test formulations containing Bacopa monnieri L. using gas chromatography technique. RESULTS： Out of 12 samples, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni were present in all samples but below the permissible limit. Although atrazine, aldrin, dialdrin were in below detection limit, but other pesticides were detected in some samples as oxamyl, hexachlorocyclohexanes （α-HCH, β-HCH and y-HCH）, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene. CONCLUSION： The presence of heavy metals in evaluation of heavy metals and pesticide residue the formulations was low to cause toxicity. However n every batch is necessary.

关键词： Ayurvedic formulations heavy metals pesticide residues drug contamination

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In-house preparation and characterization of an Ayurvedic bhasma:Praval bhasma

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第1期12卷 52-58页

作者： Amrita mishra arun K.mishra Om Prakash Tiwari Shivesh Jha School of Pharmaceutical Sciences IFTM University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Birla Institute of Technology

OBJECTIVE： To prepare the Praval bhasma （PB） and to perform its characterization. METHODS： The preparation was performed strictly as per method prescribed in Ayurvedic formulary of India followed by preliminary tests including Nischandratva, Rekhapurnatvam, Varitaramtavm, Nisvadutvam and Amla pariksha. The physicochemical characterization was done with the use of instrumental techniques such as Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X ray diffraction （XRD）, and energy dispersive X-ray （EDAX）. RESULTS： The FTIR bands appearing in final product spectra showed a significant shift in infrared vibration frequency as well as intensity when compared with the raw material, which was indicative of formulation of bhasma. The XRD analysis revealed that raw material contained CaCO3 whereas in case of final product of bhasma, CaO was identified. SEM analysis revealed the difference in particles size of bhasma （10-15 IJm） and raw material （100-150 IJm）. The EDAX analysis showed presence of different concentration of carbon in both the samples. CONCLUSION： It may be concluded that modern analytical techniques may be involved to evaluate the quality aspects of PB. The findings of the present research work may be helpful for further formulation and standardization of PB in routine analysis.

关键词： Praval bhasma characterization Ayurveda preparation process

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Impact of Fin Arrangement on Heat Transfer and Melting Characteristics of Phase Change Material

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 435-456页

作者： arun UNIYAL Yogesh K.PRAJAPATI Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology UttarakhandSrinagar(Garhwal)246174India Department of Mechanical Engineering BIT SindriDhanbadJharkhand828123India

Present work investigates the heat transfer and melting behaviour of phase change material(PCM) in six enclosures(enclosure-1 to 6) filled with paraffin *** enclosures are equipped with distinct arrangements of the fins while keeping the fin's surface area equal in each *** analysis has been presented to recognize the suitable fin arrangements that facilitate improved heat transfer and melting rate of the *** wall of the enclosure is maintained isothermal for the temperature values 335 K,350 K and 365 *** length of the enclosure including fins is ranging between 0 and *** have been illustrated through the estimation of important performance parameters such as energy absorbing capacity,melting rate,enhancement ratio,and Nusselt *** has been found that melting time(to melt 100% of the PCM) is 60.5%less in enclosure-2(with two fins of equal length) as compared to the enclosure-1,having no *** the fin surface area equal,if the longer fin is placed below the shorter fin(enclosure-3),melting time is further decreased by 14.1% as compared to ***,among all the configurations,enclosure-6 with wire-mesh fin structure exhibits minimum melting time which is 68.4% less as compared to the *** on the findings,it may be concluded that fins are the main driving agent in the enclosure to transfer the heat from heated wall to the *** design and positioning of the fins improve the heat transfer rate followed by melting of the PCM in the entire area of the *** of the favourable vortices and natural convection current in the enclosure accelerate the melting phenomenon and help to reduce charging time.

关键词： phase change material enclosure fin melting fraction energy storage heat transfer

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Postoperative delirium:A tragedy for elderly cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第9期16卷 3765-3770页

作者： Oguzhan arun Funda arun Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Selcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonya 42130Türkiye Department of Pedodontics Division of AnesthesiologySelcuk University Faculty of DentistryKonya 42130Türkiye

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Hu et al entitled“Predictive modeling for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with abdominal malignancies using synthetic minority oversampling technique”.We wanted to draw attention to the general features of postoperative delirium(POD)as well as the areas where there are uncertainties and *** can be defined as acute neurocognitive dysfunction that occurs in the first week after *** is a severe postoperative complication,especially for elderly oncology *** the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is not fully understood,various neuroinflammatory mechanisms and neurotransmitters are thought to be *** assessment scales and diagnostic methods have been proposed for the early diagnosis of *** delirium is considered a preventable clinical entity in about half of the cases,various early prediction models developed with the support of machine learning have recently become a hot scientific ***,a model with high sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of POD has not yet been *** situation reveals that all health personnel who provide health care services to elderly patients should approach patients with a high level of awareness in the perioperative period regarding POD.

关键词： Delirium Anesthesia Neurocognitive dysfunction Postoperative cognitive dysfunction Prevention Risk management Synthetic minority oversampling technique Postoperative delirium Elderly patients Abdominal cancer

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Controlled deployment of a long tether to operate as a partial space elevator

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Astrodynamics 2024年第2期8卷 311-321页

作者： Jinbang Huang arun K.Misra Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A 0C3Canada

The deployment of a long tether to operate as a partial space elevator,starting from a nucleus in geostationary orbit,is *** deployment is an inherently unstable process because the center of orbit gradually decreases from the geostationary altitude when deployment *** is also observed that the elasticity of the tether has an important effect on deployment *** is shown that the application of a transverse force on the main spacecraft,determined by using linear state feedback and appropriate gains,can stabilize the *** LQR controller is *** of the dynamics of the system are carried out using this controller for various parametric values of tether elasticity,deployment rates,etc.,to evaluate the efficacy of the controller.

关键词： tether space elevator deployment stability control

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Optimal timing for plastic surgical procedures for common congenital anomalies:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 38-61页

作者： Aakanksha Goel arun Goel Divine Aesthetic Surgery New Delhi 110048India Department of Plastic Surgery Lok Nayak Hospital and Associated Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India

Apart from listening to the cry of a healthy newborn,it is the declaration by the attending paediatrician in the labour room that the child is normal which brings utmost joy to *** global incidence of children born with congenital anomalies has been reported to be 3%-6%with more than 90%of these occurring in low-and middle-income group *** exact percentages/total numbers of children requiring surgical treatment cannot be estimated for several *** children are operated under several surgical disciplines,viz,paediatric-,plastic reconstructive,neuro-,cardiothoracic-,orthopaedic surgery *** conditions may be life-threatening,e.g.,trachea-oesophageal fistula,critical pulmonary stenosis,*** require immediate surgical ***,e.g.,hydrocephalus,may need intervention as soon as the patient is fit for ***,e.g.,patent ductus arteriosus need‘wait and watch’policy up to a certain age in the hope of spontaneous *** extremely important category is that of patients where the operative intervention is done based on their *** all the congenital anomalies coming under care of a plastic surgeon are operated as elective surgery(many as multiple stages of correction)at appropriate *** are advantages and disadvantages of intervention at different *** this article,we present a review of optimal timings,along with reasoning,for surgery of many of the common congenital anomalies which are treated by plastic ***,paediatricians and general practitioners/family physicians,who most often are the first ones to come across such children,must know to guide the parents appropriately and convincingly impress upon the them as to why their child should not be operated immediately and also the consequences of too soon or too late.

关键词： Plastic surgery Congenital anomalies Pediatric plastic surgery Facial cleft Microtia Vascular anomalies Syndactyly Hypospadias Optimal timing Pediatric surgery

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Clinical profile and outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma in primary Budd-Chiari syndrome

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 699-715页

作者： Ankit Agarwal Sagnik Biswas Shekhar Swaroop Arnav Aggarwal Ayush Agarwal Gautam Jain Anshuman Elhence arun Vaidya Amit Gupte Ravi Mohanka Ramesh Kumar Ashwani Kumar mishra Shivanand Gamanagatti Shashi Bala Paul Subrat Kumar Acharya Akash Shukla Shalimar Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029DelhiIndia Department of Gastroenterology Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and KEM HospitalMumbai 400012MaharashtraIndia Department of Gastroenterology Sir HN Reliance Foundation HospitalMumbai 400004India Department of Liver Transplant and HPB Sir HN Reliance Foundation HospitalMumbai 400004India Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Professor of Biostatistics National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre(NDDTC)All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029DelhiIndia

BACKGROUND There is scant literature on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS).AIM To assess the magnitude,clinical characteristics,feasibility,and outcomes of treatment in *** A total of 904 BCS patients from New Delhi,India and 1140 from Mumbai,India were *** prevalence and incidence of HCC were determined,and among patients with BCS-HCC,the viability and outcomes of interventional therapy were *** In the New Delhi cohort of 35 BCS-HCC patients,18 had HCC at index presentation(prevalence 1.99%),and 17 developed HCC over a follow-up of 4601 person-years,[incidence 0.36(0.22-0.57)per 100 person-years].BCS-HCC patients were older when compared to patients with BCS alone(P=0.001)and had a higher proportion of inferior vena cava block,cirrhosis,and long-segment vascular *** median alpha-fetoprotein level was higher in patients with BCS-HCC at first presentation than those who developed HCC at follow-up(13029 ng/mL vs 500 ng/mL,P=0.01).Of the 35 BCS-HCC,26(74.3%)underwent radiological interventions for BCS,and 22(62.8%)patients underwent treatment for HCC[transarterial chemoembolization in 18(81.8%),oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor in 3(13.6%),and transarterial radioembolization in 1(4.5%)].The median survival among patients who underwent interventions for HCC compared with those who did not was 3.5 years vs 3.1 mo(P=0.0001).In contrast to the New Delhi cohort,the Mumbai cohort of BCS-HCC patients were predominantly males,presented with a more advanced HCC[Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer C and D],and 2 patients underwent liver *** HCC is not uncommon in patients with *** interventions and liver transplantation are feasible in select primary BCS-HCC patients and may improve outcomes.

关键词： Budd chiari syndrome Cancer Cirrhosis Thrombosis Liver Varices Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatic venous outflow tract obstruction

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Machine learning for predicting the outcome of terminal ballistics events

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 14-26页

作者： Shannon Ryan Neeraj Mohan Sushma arun Kumar AV Julian Berk Tahrima Hashem Santu Rana Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute(A2I2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia

Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal *** evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite *** achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release *** demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this *** extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is *** circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss *** physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when *** resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical *** with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude *** provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballist

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Physics-informed machine learning Terminal ballistics Armour

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