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Parameters influencing the optical properties of SnS thin films

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第9期34卷 26-31页

作者： Priyal Jain P.arun Department of Electronic Science University of Delhi-South CampusBenito Juarez MargDelhi 110021India Material Science Research Lab S.G.T.B.Khalsa College University of DelhiDelhi 110007 India

Tin sulphide （SnS） thin films have been recognized as a potential candidate for solar cells. Many fab- rication techniques have been used to grow SnS thin films. The band-gap, Eg of SnS films as reported in litera ture, were found to vary from 1.2-2.5 eV depending on the film fabrication technique. The present work reports the structural, compositional, morphological and optical characterization of SnS thin films fabricated by thermal evaporation at room temperature. Results show that for the given fabrication technique/condition, the band-gap functionally depends on the lattice parameter and grain size. The well-defined variation allows for tailoring SnS film as per requirements.

关键词： nano-composites nanostructures photoluminescence oxides

Laser Heated Emissive Probes Design and Development under National Fusion Program and Potential Measurement

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第12期31卷 74-78页

作者： MEHTA Payal SARMA arun GHOSH Joydeep Venus International College of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India School of Advanced Sciences VIT University Chennai Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road Chennai 600127 India Institute for Plasma Research Bhat Gandhinagar 382428 Gujarat India

Emissive probes are the tools for the direct deter- mination of the plasma potential ~PL and they deliver a more reliable measure of φPL compared to the indi- rect measurements with cold Langmuir probes. The emissive probe works on the principle of compensating the well-known asymmetry of the I-V characteristic of a single cold Langmuir probe by an electron emission current from the probe into the plasma. In an ideal case, the saturated value of floating potential V（А,em） of a highly emissive probe should equal the plasma potential. A conventional emissive probe usu- ally consists of a loop of tungsten wire heated by an electric current passing through it. These conven- tional emissive probes containing an electric current- heated metal wire loop suffer a huge drawback when it comes to their lifetime. The metal wire used in these probes evaporates and subsequently breaks when heated with high current, leading to frequent replacements of these wires. When used in ultra high vacuum （UHV） plasma systems, frequent replacement of these wires requires frequent vacuum breaks in the plasma systems. In many plasma systems espe- cially in magnetized toroidal hot plasmas like toka- maks, where determination of the electric fields leads to a great deal of useful information, frequent breaking of the vacuum is impossible for changing the filament of the emissive probes. Hence, along with the other drawbacks of the conventional emissive probes such as limited emission current, bending in a magnetic field makes their use impractical in these plasma systems. The most suitable alternative is the emissive probes heated by a focused infra-red laser. Due to them having several advantages over the conventional emis- sive probes, laser heated emissive probes （LHEPs） are found to have more and more uses in plasma systems. The advantages of the LHEP are： longer lifetime （no filament breaking issues）, attainment of higher tem- perature without melting or evaporation and thus higher emissivi

关键词： Laser Heated Emissive Probes Design and Development un

Effect of Bio-filler on Hybrid Sisal-Banana-Kenaf-Flax Based Epoxy Composites:A Statistical Correlation on Flexural Strength

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第6期17卷 1263-1271页

作者： Somasundaram Vivek Karuppusamy Kanthave arun Torris Vijayananth Kavimani Department of Mechanical Engineering Anna University Regional CampusCoimbatore 641046Tamil NaduIndia Polymer Science and Engineering Division CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryDr.Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia

This work deals with the investigation of the synergistic effect of bagasse ash with sisal-banana-kenaf-flax fibers reinforced epoxy composite for their flexural *** composites with three combinations of hybrid fibers ***/kenaf(HSK),banana/kenaf(HBK),and banana/flax(HBF)with bagasse ash(BGA)as filler material are fabricated using vacuum bag assisted resin transfer *** were conducted based on L27 orthogonal array to understand the influence of control factor *** volume,alkali concentration&BGA over output response.A'-ray micro computed tomography analysis was conducted over the developed sample to infer the uniform dispersion of fiber and filler *** experimental results reveal that the addition of fiber up to 30 vol%depicts better strength and further addition results in a negative *** in order of BGA decreases the flexural strength of the developed composites.

关键词： bagasse ash natural fiber flexural strength X-ray micro computed tomography vacuum bag assisted resin transfer molding

When combination therapy isn't working: Emerging therapies for the management of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1139-1146页

作者： Suneeta Krishnareddy arun Swaminath Mount Sinai School of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New YorkNY 10029 United States

Although antagonists of tumor necrosis factor have resulted in major therapeutic benefits in inflammatory bowel disease, the magnitude and durability of response are variable. Similar to previously available drugs such as 5-aminosalicylates and immunomodulators, the therapeutic effect is not universal leaving many people searching for options. The development of newer agents has benefited from advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. Uncontrolled activation of the acquired immune system has an important role, and lymphocytes, cytokines, and adhesion molecules are broadly targeted for therapeutic intervention. There is increasing evidence of an important role of the innate immune system and the intestinal epithelium, and the therapeutic paradigm is also shifting from immunosuppression to the reinforcement of the intestinal barrier, and modification of the disease process. In this review, we explore the limitation of current therapy as well as mechanisms of actions of new drugs and the efficacy and adverse events from data from clinical trials.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Emerging therapies Vedolizumab Ustekinumab Tofacitinib

Future changes in rainfall, temperature and reference evapotranspiration in the central India by least square support vector machine

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第3期8卷 583-596页

作者： Sananda Kundu Deepak Khare arun Mondal Department of Water Resources Development and Management Indian Institute of Technology

Climate change affects the environment and natural resources immensely. Rainfall, temperature and evapotranspiration are major parameters of climate affecting changes in the environment. Evapotrans- piration plays a key role in crop production and water balance of a region, one of the major parameters affected by climate change. The reference evapotranspiration or ETo is a calculated parameter used in this research. In the present study, changes in the future rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature, and ETo have been shown by downscaling the HadCM3 （Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3） model data. The selected study area is located in a part of the Narmada river basin area in Madhya Pradesh in central India. The downscaled outputs of projected rainfall, ETo and temperatures have been shown for the 21st century with the HADCM3 data of A2 scenario by the Least Square Support Vector Machine （LS-SVM） model. The efficiency of the LS-SVM model was measured by different statistical methods. The selected predictors show considerable correlation with the rainfall and temperature and the application of this model has been done in a basin area which is an agriculture based region and is sensitive to the change of rainfall and temperature. Results showed an increase in the future rainfall, temperatures and ETo. The temperature increase is projected in the high rise of minimum temperature in winter time and the highest increase in maximum temperature is projected in the pre-monsoon season or from March to May. Highest increase is projected in the 2080s in 2081-2091 and 2091-2099 in maximum temperature and 2091-2099 in minimum temperature in all the stations. Winter maximum temperature has been observed to have increased in the future. High rainfall is also observed with higher ETo in some decades. Two peaks of the increase are observed in ETo in the April-May and in the October. Variation in these parameters due to climate change might have an impact on the future water reso

关键词： Rainfall Temperature Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) Downscaling Least Square Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM)

General relativistic calculations for white dwarfs

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第6期17卷 107-116页

作者： arun Mathew Malay K. Nandy Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781 039 India

The mass-radius relations for white dwarfs are investigated by solving the Newtonian as well as Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff （TOV） equations for hydrostatic equilibrium assuming the electron gas to be non-interacting. We find that the Newtonian limiting mass of 1.4562 M is modified to 1.4166 M in the general relativistic case for 4He （and 12 6C） white dwarfs. Using the same general relativistic treatment, the critical mass for 56 26Fe white dwarfs is obtained as 1.2230 M. In addition, departure from the ideal degenerate equation of state （EoS） is accounted for by considering Salpeter＇s EoS along with the TOV equation, yielding slightly lower values for the critical masses, namely 1.4081 M for 4He, 1.3916M for 12C and 1.1565M for 56 26Fe white dwarfs. We also compare the critical densities for gravitational instability with the neutronization threshold densities to find that 4 2He and 12 6C white dwarfs are stable against neutronization with the critical values of 1.4081 M and 1.3916 M, respectively. However, the critical masses for 16 8O, 20 10Ne, 24 12Mg, 28 14Si,32 16S and 56 26Fewhite dwarfs are 26Fe white lower due to neutronization. Corresponding to their central densities for neutronization thresholds, we obtain their maximum stable masses due to neutronization by solving the TOV equation coupled with the Salpeter EoS.

关键词： equation of state - hydrodynamics-instabilities - relativistic processes - stars whitedwarfs

Phytopharmacological Profile of Jasminum Grandiflorum Linn.(Oleaceae)

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2016年第4期22卷 311-320页

作者： Mittal arun Sardana Satish Pandey Anima Hindu College of Pharmacy SonipatHaryana-(131001)India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchiJharkhand(835215)India

Plants are the real basis towards animal life and are also central to people＇s livelihood. The contributions of the plants in performing varied religious celebrations and in other multiple beneficiaries like medicine, human happiness as well as in treating deadly diseases can never be neglected. In treating diseases, the plants and their constituents are better choice than any other synthetic chemical. The nature has been kind enough to provide the human beings with various types of medicinal plants and in the real sense these form the storehouse of curing almost all the ailments. Consequently, most of the drugs which are being used in preparing formulations have their origin and roots in the plants which form the chief natural source of medicines. Even in modern era, the plant-derived drugs are being extensively used, either in their original or semi-synthetic form. It is because their natural phytoconstituents are highly innocuous posing relatively fewer or no side effects. Based upon their observations, analysis and experience, our ancestors used many plants for medicinal purposes and thus their efforts need to be supported by scientific evidence. Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. is one of such important plants. It has been extensively used by the tribes all over India to treat different diseases which mainly include body pains, toothache, stomach ache, ulcers, and sexual impotency. Chemistry of the plant revealed the presence of mainly secoiridoids, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. Not much scientific support was given to the folklore claims for this plant but some of its traditional uses were investigated like spasmolytic, wound healing, antimicrobial, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, antiulcer and antioxidant activities. This article is the review of research works done on the plant Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. to date. As a part of it the local names, morphology, traditional claims, chemistry and pharmacological activities have been discussed.

关键词： Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. ethnobotany phytochemistry pharmacological activity

Phasor measurement units, WAMS, and their applications in protection and control of power systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第4期6卷 619-629页

作者： arun G.PHADKE Tianshu BI Virginia Tech North China Electric Power University

The paper provides a short history of the phasor measurement unit(PMU) concept. The origin of PMU is traced to the work on developing computer based distance relay using symmetrical component theory. PMUs evolved from a portion of this relay architecture. The need for synchronization using global positioning system(GPS) is discussed, and the wide area measurement system(WAMS) utilizing PMU signals is described. A number of applications of this technology are discussed, and an account of WAMS activities in many countries around the world are provided.

关键词： Phasor measurement unit(PMU) Wide area measurement system(WAMS) Global positioning system(GPS) IEEE standards Instrument transformers Calibration Parameter estimation

Noncommutative dispersion relation and mass-radius relation of white dwarfs

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第12期18卷 75-88页

作者： arun Mathew Malay K.Nandy Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

The equation of state of the electron degenerate gas in a white dwarf is usually treated by employing the ideal dispersion ***, the effect of quantum gravity is expected to be inevitably present and when this effect is considered through a non-commutative formulation, the dispersion relation undergoes a substantial *** this paper, we take such a modified dispersion relation and find the corresponding equation of state for the degenerate electron gas in white *** we solve the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium and find that this leads to the possibility of the existence of excessively high values of masses exceeding the Chandrasekhar limit, although the quantum gravity effect is taken to be very *** is only when we impose the additional effect of neutronization that we obtain white dwarfs with masses close to the Chandrasekhar limit with nonzero radii at the neutronization *** demonstrate these results by giving numerical estimates for the masses and radii of helium, carbon and oxygen white dwarfs.

关键词： gravitation equation of state stars:white dwarfs