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Degree of nutrient consumption as an aging index of upwelling or vertically mixed water in the northern Taiwan Strait

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第1期24卷 115-124页

作者： CHEN Chentung arthur HSING Liyu Institute of Marine Geology and Chemistry National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung ChinaInstitute of Marine Geology and Chemistry National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung China

In order to determine the relative aging status of upwelled or vertically mixed water in the northern Taiwan Strait, a recently developed method of calculating the degree of nutrient consumption (DNC) was employed. Upwelling was detected at a water depth of about 75 m in summer. Bottom waters in the aphotic zone and newly-upwelled waters in the euphoric zone were found to be low in terms of their DNC. In general, a low DNC was noted alongside the other traditional upwelling indicators, such as lower temperature and degree of oxygen saturation, but higher salinity, apparent oxygen utilization, nutrient contents and chlorophyll-a. Enhanced vertical mixing, but without an apparent upwelling signal, was detected near the same location in winter.

关键词： upwelling degree of nutrient consumption Taiwan Strait dissolved organic nitrogen dissolved organic phosphorus

Pitfalls in Assessing Risks from Carcinogens

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第3期4卷 242-249页

作者： arthur FURST Institute of Chemical Biology University of San Francisco San Francisco CA 94117-1080

The decision to classify a chemical as a human carcinogen must depend upon agreed conclusions from epidemiology, bioassays, and some short-term corroborating tests; information from only one of these disciplines is inadequate. Most pitfalls appear in interpreting the results from animal bioassays; this report will concentrate on them. Often the conclusion is accepted that a chemical is an animal carcinogen without a critical appraisal of the experimental design. By manipulating the experiment, 90 + % of all chemicals can induce some tumor in a rodent. Pitfalls encountered in bioassays result from not specifying the exact agent under test and how it relates to human exposure, using inappropriate routes of administration unrelated to humans, administering illogically high doses, or concluding that a cancer was induced without adequate histopathological description of the lesion. Importance of animal husbandry is often overlooked. Pitfalls are also related to short-term tests. Finally, a major pitfall in assessing carcinogenic risk from chemicals is drawing global conclusions about the carcinogenicity of an agent after the detection of only one or two tumors in the treated group.

关键词： Pitfalls in Assessing Risks from Carcinogens

Duality of graph invariants

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Science China Mathematics 2020年第8期63卷 1613-1626页

作者： Kaifeng Bu Weichen Gu arthur Jaffe Harvard University CambridgeMA 02138USA School of Mathematical Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China

We study a new set of duality relations between weighted,combinatoric invariants of a graph *** dualities arise from a non-linear transform B,acting on the weight function *** define B on a space of real-valued functions O and investigate its *** show that three invariants(the weighted independence number,the weighted Lovasz number,and the weighted fractional packing number)are fixed points of B^2,but the weighted Shannon capacity is *** interpret these invariants in the study of quantum non-locality.

关键词： duality graph invariants quantum non-locality

Evidence-based Practice of Chinese Medicine in Physical Rehabilitation Science

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第10期19卷 723-729页

作者： arthur de Sá Ferreira Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Modeling in Rehabilitation Program of Rehabilitation ScienceCentro Universitario Augusto MottaRio de JaneiroRJBrazil(21041-021) Department of Physical Therapy UniversidadeSalgado de OliveiraNiteróiRJBrazil(21041-021)

Chinese medicine is among other traditional medical systems practiced either as a coadjutant intervention to Greek medicine or as the unique therapeutic intervention for illness prevention, treatment or rehabilitation. The complete spectrum from that traditional system includes acupuncture and moxibustion, herbal and food therapy, massage therapy （tuina）, physical exercises （taijiquan）, and breathing exercises （qigong）. In this article, it is presented several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews on the application of all therapeutic modalities from Chinese medicine in the physical rehabilitation scenario. The discussed studies encompasses both ＂positive＂ and ＂negative＂ results of Chinese medicine intervention for disabilities due to illnesses of the nervous, musculoskeletal or cardiovascular systems. Additionally, the importance of the personalized approach for Chinese medicineand rehabilitation is emphasized together with the need for reproducible methods for pattern differentiation and intervention selection. Chinese medicine resources are recognized as promising methods for therapeutic rehabilitation and can be incorporated into the rehabilitation science. The wide variety of therapeutic resources explains why Chinese medicine is currently a multidisciplinary practice for health protection and promotion, early diagnosis and treatment as well as rehabilitation with roles in the public health care system.

关键词： rehabilitation physical therapy Chinese medicine

Distribution of licensed acupuncturists and educational institutions in the United States in early 2015

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第1期16卷 1-5页

作者： arthur Yin Fan Sarah Faggert McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine PLC Vienna VA 22182 USA American Traditional Chinese Medicine Association Vienna VA 22182 USA

In recent decades, acupuncture has been used more widely and extensively in the United States （U.S.）. However, there have been no national surveys or analyses reported in academic journals on the number of practicing or licensed acupuncturists, This study was conducted to identify the approximate number of licensed acupuncturists active in 2015. The Board of Acupuncture or Board of Medicine in each state or U.S. territory was contacted to collect data, Online license information searching was also performed in order to get accurate numbers of licensed acupuncturists for those states in which a board was unable to be contacted. The study found that the number of licensed acupuncturists in 2015 in the U,S, was 34,481. Of this, more than 50% were licensed in three states alone： California （32.39%）, New York （11,89%） and Florida （7.06%）. The number of licensed acupuncturists increased 23.30% and 52.09%, compared to the year 2009 （n = 27,965） and 2004 （n = 22,671）, respectively; increasing about 1,266 per year. There were 62 and 10 accredited acupuncture institutions providing master and doctoral degrees, respectively. The West Coast comprised 51.39% of degree granting programs, while the East Coast comprised 29.17%; together the coastal states housed more than 80% of all programs, with the remainder sprinkled across the southern （9.72%）, northern （8.33%）, and the middle/central states （1.39%）. Forty-four states and the District of Columbia regulated acupuncture practice by law at the time of data collection. Acupuncture continues to be a quickly growing profession in the U.S,

关键词： Acupuncturist Acupuncture educational institution Acupuncture regulation Oriental medicine United States

Holographic software for quantum networks

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第4期61卷 593-626页

作者： arthur Jaffe Zhengwei Liu Alex Wozniakowski Departments of Mathematics and Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and Complexity Institute Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637723Singapore

We introduce a pictorial approach to quantum information, called holographic software. Our software captures both algebraic and topological aspects of quantum networks. It yields a bi-directional dictionary to translate between a topological approach and an algebraic approach. Using our software, we give a topological simulation for quantum networks. The string Fourier transform(SFT) is our basic tool to transform product states into states with maximal entanglement entropy. We obtain a pictorial interpretation of Fourier transformation, of measurements, and of local transformations, including the n-qudit Pauli matrices and their representation by Jordan-Wigner transformations. We use our software to discover interesting new protocols for multipartite communication. In summary, we build a bridge linking the theory of planar para algebras with quantum information.

关键词： quantum information picture language string Fourier transform Clifford gate multipartite entanglement quantum protocol

Conceptualization and development of the Household/Neighborhood Model for skilled nursing facilities： A case study

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2014年第3期3卷 228-237页

作者： David arthur Green Executive in Residence Business Success Center University of Wisconsin Oshkosh Oshkosh WI 54904 USA

The conceptualization of the HousehoLd/Neighborhood Model for skilled nursing facilities began in 1987 at Evergreen Retirement Community in Oshkosh, WI, USA in the search for the ＂perfect＂ nursing home. Being able to see perfection required being freed from the mental constraints of regulations, reimbursement systems, and existing staff training programs so that visionary thinking was possible. ConceptuaLization was followed by a pilot project to test various aspects of the vision. The result was （1） a management philosophy built on Continuous QuaLity Improvement, （2） a team-based organization structure, （3） cross-functionaL staff roles, （4） sociaL-modeL activity programming, and （5） a residential style physical setting that won strong support from the State of Wisconsin. With this support, we had the opportunity to open in 1997 the first fuLL-scaLe model of a HousehoLd/Neighborhood in the United States based upon providing ＂resident and relationship centered services and care＂. The mode[ was validated through a year-tong evaluative research study. In 2004 we opened a second full-scale model incorporating significant improvements identified through experience. The opportunity to further develop the model has been provided through its adoption in China by China Senior Care, which wiLL open their first facility in 2014.

关键词： Aging Environment Design Long-term Care

Finite Volume Multilevel Approximation of the Shallow Water Equations

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2013年第1期34卷 1-28页

作者： arthur BOUSQUET Martine MARION Roger TEMAM The Institute for Scientific Computing and Applied Mathematics Indiana University Département Mathématique Informatique Université de LyonEcole Centrale de Lyon

The authors consider a simple transport equation in one-dimensional space and the linearized shallow water equations in two-dimensional space, and describe and implement a multilevel finite-volume discretization in the context of the utilization of the incremental unknowns. The numerical stability of the method is proved in both cases.

关键词： Finite-volume methods Multilevel methods Shallow water equations Stability analysis

NADPH oxidase： recent evidence for its role in erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第1期10卷 6-13页

作者： Liming Jin arthur L.Burnett Department of Urology The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore MD 21287 USA

Important roles for reactive oxygen species （ROS） in physiology and pathophysiology have been increasingly recognized. Under normal conditions, ROS serve as signaling molecules in the regulation of cellular functions. However, enhanced ROS production as a result of the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate （NADPH） oxidase contributes significantly to the pathogeneses of vascular diseases. Although it has become evident that increased ROS is associated with erectile dysfunction （ED）, the sources of ROS in the penis remain largely unknown. In recent years, emergent evidence suggests the possible role of NADPH oxidase in inducing ED. In this review, we examine the relationship between ROS and ED in different disease models and discuss the current evidence basis for NADPH oxidase-derive＇d ROS in ED.

关键词： reactive oxygen species erectile function superoxide penis nitric oxide