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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2677-2678页

作者： Andrea Domenico Rivera arthur morgan butt Kasum Azim Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK Section of Human Anatomy Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Myel i n genes are amongst the most dysregulated genes in the aged brain:Just over half of the weight of an entire adult human brain is attributed to myelin,which wraps around neuronal axons and is essential for superfast axonal conduction and neuronal *** the central nervous system,it is the function of specialized cells called oligodendrocytes(OLs)to make myelin,which is made up of lipids and *** are generated throughout life by a significant population of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs)that are responsible for the lifelong generation of OLs and myelin,essential for learning,as well as repair following pathological insults(*** demyelinating diseases that include multiple sclerosis)(Simons and Nave,2015;Philips and Rothstein,2017).Changes in myelin content in the human brain over the lifespan of individuals have been well documented,as well as evidence of myelin loss in rodent models using classical histological approaches(Bartzokis et al.,2012;Soreq et al.,2017).

关键词： myelin system specialized

Next generation drug connectivity mapping for acquiring therapeutic agents to differentially regulate myelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 797-798页

作者： Kasum Azim Andrea Domenico Rivera arthur morgan butt Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthSt Michael’s BuildingWhite Swan RoadPortsmouthUK Section of Human Anatomy Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly

The need for new therapeutic approaches:Conventional drug discovery is a lengthy and expensive process,taking decades and billions of dollars to get a drug from bench to *** of the costs incurred are at the pre-clinical stages,between drug design and synthesis to delineating the cellular“Mechanisms of Action”(MoA).Notably,there is a very high risk of failure,and only a very small proportion of therapeutic agents reach later-phase clinical ***,drug repositioning has become a valuable strategy aimed at fast-tracking treatments into clinical use and improving the chances of therapeutic success.A novel addition to this approach is connectivity mapping,which defines cell-specific transcriptional responses to small molecules in disease-dependent *** commentary outlines how some of the latest innovations in connectivity mapping can be exploited for drug repurposing.

关键词： connectivity dollar therapeutic

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and low muscle strength: A comment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2371-2373页

作者： Masood Muhammad Karim Amna Subhan butt Department of Gastroenterology The Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

The diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease only on the basis of laboratory parameter score such as Hepatic Steatosis Index which includes liver enzymes,gender,basal metabolic index,and presence of diabetic mellitus is not sufficient to exclude other causes of deranged liver enzymes especially medications and autoimmune related liver *** the guideline suggests ultrasound is the preferred first-line diagnostic procedure for imaging of NAFLD,as it provides additional diagnostic information and the combination of biomarkers/scores and transient elastography might confer additional diagnostic accuracy and evident from previous similar studies too.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease Low muscle strength Hepatic Steatosis Index Letter to the editor

Quantitative assessment of the impact of a triage physician on the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education resident milestones in the emergency department

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 220-222页

作者： Julie Cueva Duncan Grossman Vishnu Muppala Arlene Chung Mahlaqa butt Jefferson Drapkin Antonios Likourezos Errel Khordipour Department of Emergency Medicine Maimonides Medical CenterNew York 11219USA

The “door-to-doctor” time for patients to be seen by a physician is an increasingly studied *** may shorten this time by implementing a triage physician (TP).The exact role of a TP may vary across *** put in preliminary orders for lab work,imaging,and treatment,and decide treatment location for further *** the prevalence of TPs grows,its effect on resident education in academic emergency departments (EDs) remains *** implemented a TP in the spring of 2016 and assessed resident physicians before and after implementation.

关键词： physician doctor treatment

Semantic Segmentation and YOLO Detector over Aerial Vehicle Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3315-3332页

作者： Asifa Mehmood Qureshi Abdul Haleem butt Abdulwahab Alazeb Naif Al Mudawi Mohammad Alonazi Nouf Abdullah Almujally Ahmad Jalal Hui Liu Faculty of Computing and AI Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16273Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Cognitive Systems Lab University of BremenBremen28359Germany

Intelligent vehicle tracking and detection are crucial tasks in the realm of highway ***,vehicles come in a range of sizes,which is challenging to detect,affecting the traffic monitoring system’s overall *** learning is considered to be an efficient method for object detection in vision-based *** this paper,we proposed a vision-based vehicle detection and tracking system based on a You Look Only Once version 5(YOLOv5)detector combined with a segmentation *** model consists of six *** the first step,all the extracted traffic sequence images are subjected to pre-processing to remove noise and enhance the contrast level of the *** pre-processed images are segmented by labelling each pixel to extract the uniform regions to aid the detection phase.A single-stage detector YOLOv5 is used to detect and locate vehicles in *** detection was exposed to Speeded Up Robust Feature(SURF)feature extraction to track multiple *** on this,a unique number is assigned to each vehicle to easily locate them in the succeeding image frames by extracting them using the feature-matching ***,we implemented a Kalman filter to track multiple *** the end,the vehicle path is estimated by using the centroid points of the rectangular bounding box predicted by the tracking *** experimental results and comparison reveal that our proposed vehicle detection and tracking system outperformed other state-of-the-art *** proposed implemented system provided 94.1%detection precision for Roundabout and 96.1%detection precision for Vehicle Aerial Imaging from Drone(VAID)datasets,respectively.

关键词： Semantic segmentation YOLOv5 vehicle detection and tracking Kalman filter SURF

Structural regulation of coal-derived hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries via pre-oxidation

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2585-2596页

作者： Meng-Yuan Su Kai-Yang Zhang Edison Huixiang Ang Xue-Li Zhang Yan-Ning Liu Jia-Lin Yang Zhen-Yi Gu Faaz A.butt Xing-Long Wu Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emiting Materials and Technology.Northeast Normal University.Ministry of Education Changchun 130024China Natural Sciences and Science Education National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637616Singapore Materials Engineering Department NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi 75300Pakistan

Hard carbon(HC)is broadly recognized as an exceptionally prospective candidate for the anodes of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),but their practical implementation faces substantial limitations linked to precursor factors,such as reduced carbon yield and increased ***,a cost-effective approach is proposed to prepare a coal-derived HC anode with simple pre-oxidation followed by a post-carbonization process which effectively expands the d_(002)layer spacing,generates closed pores and increases defect *** these modifications,the resulting HC anode attains a delicate equilibrium between plateau capacity and sloping capacity,showcasing a remarkable reversible capacity of 306.3 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.03 A·g^(-1).Furthermore,the produ ced HC exhibits fast reaction kinetics and exceptional rate performance,achieving a capacity of 289 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1),equivalent to~94.5%of that at 0.03 A·g^(-1).When implemented in a full cell configuration,the impressive electrochemical performance is evident,with a notable energy density of 410.6 Wh·kg^(-1)(based on cathode mass).In short,we provide a straightforward yet efficient method for regulating coal-derived HC,which is crucial for the widespread use of SIBs anodes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Hard carbon Anode Coal Pre-oxidation

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超表面:塑造光子学的未来

Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1607-1611页

作者： Nikolay L.Kazanskiy Svetlana N.Khonina Muhammad A.butt Samara National Research University Samara 443086Russia

A metasurface, often abbreviated as MS, represents a thin, artificially crafted surface consisting of an assembly of subwavelength structures that interact with light in distinct manners. Typically,smaller than the wavelength of the light they engage with, these structures empower precise management of light properties such as polarization, phase, and amplitude.

关键词： precise abbreviated 光子学

Bullous Pemphigoid Induced by Doxycycline: Case Report and Literature Review

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第5期13卷 187-192页

作者： Mishal Al Mebayadh Rahaf Aldawish Sohail A. butt Abdulrahman Saad Aljahhan Dermatology Department Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University-National Guard Hospital Dammam Saudi Arabia Dermatology Department Al Rass General Hospital Al-Qassim Saudi Arabia Pathology Department Dammam Regional Laboratory & Blood Bank MOH Dammam Saudi Arabia Clinical Documentation Improvement (CDI) Dammam Health Network Dammam Saudi Arabia

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most prevalent autoimmune sub-epidermal blistering disease that affects mainly the elderly and could lead to serious morbidity. It has numerous risk factors and triggers, including an aging population with several comorbidities and drug exposure. In the published paper, we reported a case about a 32 years old male patient with unknown medical conditions who presented with erythematous patches and plaques on the scalp, face, and trunk with scattered blisters two weeks after initiating doxycycline treatment for folliculitis. The exact pathogenesis of the drug-reaction in drug- associated bullous pemphigoid (DABP) remains controversial. In conclusion, it is crucial for clinicians to be aware of DABP when prescribing doxycycline. The purpose of this case report is to raise awareness of the possible association between bullous pemphigoid and doxycycline.

关键词： Bullous Pemphigoid Doxycycline Drug-Associated Bullous Pemphigoid

Web GIS-Based Temporal Analysis of Climatic Factors Impacting Heat Stroke in Karachi

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 61-69页

作者： Ali Atif Mahnoor Rehman Muhammad butt Syed Mahmood Shahid Ghazi Rashid Mehmood Department of Management Victoria University Sydney Australia Department of Geography Government College University Lahore Pakistan Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Centre of Geographic Information System University of The Punjab Lahore Pakistan

This study focuses on the impact of climate change, specifically the increasing threat of heatwaves, in Pakistan, with a particular emphasis on the city of Karachi. The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) analysed a century of climatic data to reveal warming trends, attributing them to human-induced factors. The vulnerability of Pakistan to climate change is highlighted, given its warm climate and location in a region where temperature increases are expected to surpass global averages. The study examines the past three decades, noting a significant rise in the frequency of hot days, especially in Karachi, where heatwaves have become more prevalent. The aims and objectives of the study involve identifying temporal changes in temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind speed from 1984 to 2014 in Karachi. The literature review emphasizes the health implications of heatwaves, citing increased mortality during such events globally. The study incorporates a comprehensive temporal analysis, addressing gaps in previous research by considering multiple climate indicators responsible for heatwaves. The methodology involves statistical analyses, including linear regression and Pearson correlation, applied to temperature data and urbanization parameters. Results indicate an increasing trend in heat index temperature, with heatwave vulnerability peaking in the last three decades. Heat Index Temperature Anomalies show a clear surge, emphasizing the need for new indices to control critical heat stress conditions. The study concludes that tropical climate variability, particularly heat index, is linked to extreme hot days, urging measures to reduce population vulnerability. The findings underscore the importance of policy strategies, such as integrated coastal zone management, to mitigate the adverse health effects of heatwaves in Karachi’s vulnerable population.

关键词： IPCC Heat Wave Heat Index PMD

Risk factors and outcomes of peptic ulcer bleed in a Pakistani population:A single-center observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第3期15卷 1-9页

作者： Nazish butt Muhammad Tayyab Usmani Nimrah Mehak Saba Mughal Fakhar Ali Qazi-Arisar Ghulam Mohiuddin Gulzar Khan Department of Gastroenterology Jinnah Postgraduate Medical CentreKarachi 75505SindhPakistan National Institute of Liver&GI Diseases Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 75330SindhPakistan School of Public Health Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 75330SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Peptic ulcer disease(PUD)remains a significant healthcare burden,contributing to morbidity and mortality *** advancements in therapies,its prevalence persists,particularly in regions with widespread nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)use and Helicobacter pylori *** To comprehensively analyse the risk factors and outcomes of PUD-related upper gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding in Pakistani *** This retrospective cohort study included 142 patients with peptic ulcer bleeding who underwent upper GI endoscopy from January to December *** on demographics,symptoms,length of stay,mortality,re-bleed,and Forrest classification was *** The mean age of patients was 53 years,and the majority was men(68.3%).Hematemesis(82.4%)and epigastric pain(75.4%)were the most common presenting *** patients(73.2%)were discharged within five *** mortality rates at one week and one month were 10.6%and 14.8%,***-bleed within 24 h and seven days occurred in 14.1%and 18.3%of patients,*** ulcers were Forrest class(FC)Ⅲ(72.5%).Antiplatelet use was associated with higher mortality at 7 and 30 d,while alternative medications were linked to higher 24-hour re-bleed *** use was associated with more FCⅢ***-bleed at 24 h and 7 d was strongly associated with one-week or one-month *** Antiplatelet use and rebleeding increase the risk of early mortality in PUD-related upper GI bleeding,while alternative medicines are associated with early rebleeding.

关键词： Non variceal bleed Mortality Re-bleed Forrest classification Antiplatelets Alternative medicines