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Enhancing Collaborative and Geometric Multi-Kernel Learning Using Deep Neural Network

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5099-5116页

作者： Bareera zafar Syed Abbas Zilqurnain Naqvi Muhammad Ahsan Allah Ditta Ummul Baneen Muhammad Adnan Khan Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Riphah School of Computing&Innovation Faculty of ComputingRiphah International UniversityLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Department Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea

This research proposes a method called enhanced collaborative andgeometric multi-kernel learning (E-CGMKL) that can enhance the CGMKLalgorithm which deals with multi-class classification problems with non-lineardata distributions. CGMKL combines multiple kernel learning with softmaxfunction using the framework of multi empirical kernel learning (MEKL) inwhich empirical kernel mapping (EKM) provides explicit feature constructionin the high dimensional kernel space. CGMKL ensures the consistent outputof samples across kernel spaces and minimizes the within-class distance tohighlight geometric features of multiple classes. However, the kernels constructed by CGMKL do not have any explicit relationship among them andtry to construct high dimensional feature representations independently fromeach other. This could be disadvantageous for learning on datasets with complex hidden structures. To overcome this limitation, E-CGMKL constructskernel spaces from hidden layers of trained deep neural networks (DNN).Due to the nature of the DNN architecture, these kernel spaces not onlyprovide multiple feature representations but also inherit the compositionalhierarchy of the hidden layers, which might be beneficial for enhancing thepredictive performance of the CGMKL algorithm on complex data withnatural hierarchical structures, for example, image data. Furthermore, ourproposed scheme handles image data by constructing kernel spaces from aconvolutional neural network (CNN). Considering the effectiveness of CNNarchitecture on image data, these kernel spaces provide a major advantageover the CGMKL algorithm which does not exploit the CNN architecture forconstructing kernel spaces from image data. Additionally, outputs of hiddenlayers directly provide features for kernel spaces and unlike CGMKL, do notrequire an approximate MEKL framework. E-CGMKL combines the consistency and geometry preserving aspects of CGMKL with the compositionalhierarchy of kernel spaces extracted from DNN hidde

关键词： CGMKL multi-class classification deep neural network multiplekernel learning hierarchical kernel spaces

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Recent Development in Defects Engineered Photocatalysts:An Overview of the Experimental and Theoretical Strategies

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第1期5卷 68-114页

作者： Zaiba zafar Shasha Yi Jinpeng Li Chuanqi Li Yongfa Zhu Amir Zada Weijing Yao Zhongyi Liu Xinzheng Yue College of Chemistry School of Material Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan

Recently,defect architectured photocatalysis is proved to be the most versatile choice for high solar to chemical energy conversion *** engineering strategies are of great demand to effectively tune the electronic microstructure and surface morphologies of semiconductors to boost charge carrier concentration and extend light harvesting *** review provides a comprehensive insight to various kinds of defects along with their synthesis procedures and controlling mechanism to uplift photocatalytic *** addition,the contribution made by defects and material optimization techniques toward electronic band structure of the photocatalyst,the optimal concentration of defects,the key adsorption processes,charge distribution,and transfer dynamics have been explained in ***,to clarify the relationship between photocatalytic activity and defect states in real,a comprehensive outlook to the versatile photocatalytic applications has been presented to highlight current challenges and future *** engineering therefore stands as the next step toward advancement in the design and configuration of modern photocatalysts for high efficiency photocatalysis.

关键词： defect engineering electronic structure photocatalysis vacancies

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Stochastic Analysis for the Dynamics of a Poliovirus Epidemic Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 257-275页

作者： Ali Raza Dumitru Baleanu zafar Ullah Khan Muhammad Mohsin Nauman Ahmed Muhammad Rafiq Pervez Anwar Department of Mathematics Government Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Dermatology Rashid Latif Medical College LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Technische Universitat ChemnitzChemnitz6209111Germany Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Biochemistry University of SialkotSialkot51311Pakistan

Most developing countries such as Afghanistan,Pakistan,India,Bangladesh,and many more are still fighting against *** to the World Health Organization,approximately eighteen million people have been infected with poliovirus in the last two *** Asia,still,some countries are suffering from the *** stochastic behavior of the poliovirus through the transition probabilities and non-parametric perturbation with fundamental properties are *** basic properties of the deterministic model are studied,equilibria,local stability around the stead states,and reproduction *** Maruyama,stochastic Euler,and stochastic Runge-Kutta study the behavior of complex stochastic differential *** main target of this study is to develop a nonstandard computational method that restores dynamical features like positivity,boundedness,and dynamical ***,the existing methods failed to fix the actual behavior of the *** comparison of the proposed approach with existing methods is investigated.

关键词： Poliovirus model differential equations methods analysis

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Modeling and Verification of Aircraft Takeoff Through Novel Quantum Nets

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3331-3348页

作者： Maryam Jamal Nazir Ahmad zafar Atta-ur-Rahman Dhiaa Musleh Mohammed A.Gollapalli Sghaier Chabani School of Systems and Technology University of Management&Technology(UMT)C-II Block C 2 Phase 1 Johar TownLahore54770PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad–Sahiwal CampusSahiwal57000PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science(CS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information System(CIS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)Dammam31441Saudi Arabia

The formal modeling and verification of aircraft takeoff is a challenge because it is a complex safety-critical *** task of aircraft takeoff is distributed amongst various computer-based controllers,however,with the growing malicious threats a secure communication between aircraft and controllers becomes highly *** research serves as a starting point for integration of BB84 quantum protocol with petri nets for secure modeling and verification of takeoff *** integrated model combines the BB84 quantum cryptographic protocol with powerful verification tool support offered by petri *** model certain important properties of BB84,a new variant of petri nets coined as Quantum Nets are proposed by defining their mathematical foundations and overall system dynamics,furthermore,some important system properties are also abstractly *** proposed QuantumNets are then applied for modeling of aircraft takeoff process by defining three quantum nets:namely aircraft,runway controller and gate *** authentication between quantum nets,the use of external places and transitions is demonstrated to describe the encryptiondecryption process of qubits ***,the developed takeoff quantum network is verified through simulation offered by colored petri-net(CPN)***,reachability tree(RT)analysis is also performed to have greater confidence in feasibility and correctness of the proposed aircraft takeoff model through the Quantum Nets.

关键词： Aircraft takeoff BB84 quantum cryptography petri-nets quantum nets formal modeling and verification

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Plant Derived Antiviral Products for Potential Treatment of COVID-19: A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第3期89卷 437-452页

作者： Rashid Iqbal Khan Mazhar Abbas Khurram Goraya Muhammad zafar-ul-Hye Subhan Danish Institute of Hoticultural Sciences University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Office for Conservation of the Environment Diwan of Royal Court of OmanMuscat113Oman Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan

COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is declared global *** virus owing high resemblance with SARS-CoVand MERS-CoV has been placed in family of ***,transmission and infectivity rate of COVID-19 is quite higher as compared to other members of *** management strategy with potential drug availability will break the virus transmission chain subsequently reduce the pressure on the healthcare *** research trials are underway to develop novel efficient therapeutics against *** this review,we have discussed the origin and family of coronavirus,structure,genome and pathogenesis of virus SARS-CoV-2 inside human host cell;comparison among SARS,MERS,SARS-CoV-2 and common flu;effective management practices;treatment with immunity boosters;available medication with ongoing clinical *** suggest medicinal plants could serve as potential candidates for drug development against COVID-19 infection.

关键词： Virus human health bat SARS-CoV-2 fever Wuhan

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Some novel integration techniques to explore the conformable M-fractional Schrödinger-Hirota equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第4期7卷 337-344页

作者： Asim zafar M.Raheel M.Asif Kamyar Hosseini Mohammad Mirzazadeh Lanre Akinyemi Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics ISP MultanPakistan Department of Mathematics Rasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran Department of Engineering Sciences Faculty of Technology and EngineeringEast of GuilanUniversity of GuilanVajargah P.C.44891-63157RudsarIran Department of Mathematics Lafayette CollegeEastonPAUSA

The current study deals with exact soliton solutions for Schrödinger-Hirota(SH)equation via two modi-fied integration *** methods are known as the improved(G/G)-expansion method and the Kudryashov *** model is a generalized version of the nonlinear Schrödinger(NLS)equation with higher order dispersion and cubic *** can be considered as a more accurate approximation than the NLS equation in explaining wave propagation in the ocean and optical fibers.A novel deriva-tive operator named as the conformable truncated M-fractional is used to study the above mentioned *** obtained results can be used in describing the Schrödinger-Hirota equation in some better *** the obtained results are verified through symbolic computational ***,the ob-tained results show that the suggested approaches have broaden capacity to secure some new soliton type solutions for the fractional differential equations in an effective *** the end,the results are also explained through their graphical representations.

关键词： Shrödinger-Hirota equation Truncated M-fractional derivative Soliton solutions

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Feed particle selection and nutrient intake altered by pecking stone consumption and beak length in free-range laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第2期5卷 140-147页

作者： zafar Iqbal Kelly Drake Robert A.Swick Rider A.Perez-Maldonado Isabelle Ruhnke School of Environmental and Rural Science Faculty of ScienceAgricultureBusiness and LawUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia South Australian Research and Development Institute Roseworthy CampusUniversity of AdelaideSouth Australia5371Australia DSM Nutritional Products Singapore117440Singapore

The present study investigated the effects of pecking stones on feeding behaviour of hens from 16 to 46 weeks of age. Eighteen flocks of Hy-Line Brown hens were housed in 2 commercial free-range housing systems. Farm A housed 10 flocks of beak trimmed(infrared beak treatment) hens in fixed sheds. Farm B housed 8 flocks of hens with intact beaks in mobile sheds. On each farm, flocks were equally assigned to control groups(no access to pecking stones) and treatment groups(access to pecking stones). Data were evaluated every 10 weeks. At each time point, 10 hens per flock were housed in individual pens, and each hen was provided with 250 g of mash diet and ad libitum water for 24 h. After 24 h, feed samples were collected and used to determine 24-h feed intake. Nutrient and particle selection was measured by subtracting nutrients and particles present in the leftover feed from the vaules obtained in the offered feed and expressed the change(A). In addition, pecking stone consumption was recorded for each *** were analysed separately for each farm using fixed effects of pecking stone availability and hen ***’s rho correlation coefficients and linear regression models were constructed to evaluate the relationship of beak length and pecking stone usage, discrete mean particle size(dMEAN) consumption(△ dMEAN), and △ nutrient intake. Hens with access to pecking stones consumed significantly lower quantities of large feed particles(>2.8 mm) on farm A(P = 0.029) and selected significantly more fine particles, on farm B(P = 0.013). Overall, positive relationships(P = 0.001) between beak length and pecking stone consumption, A dMEAN, and A phosphorus consumption were observed. In conclusion,pecking stone consumption resulted in reduced selection and consumption of feed particles in hens housed on both farms. Further research is warranted to investigate the effect of pecking stones on sensory innervation of the beak.

关键词： Poultry Welfare Feeding behaviour Nutrition Environmental enrichment

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Antibacterial Action of Chemically Synthesized and Laser Generated Silver Nanoparticles against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第8期32卷 721-728页

作者： Nosheen zafar Shahzadi Shamaila Jawad Nazir Rehana Sharif Muhammad Shahid Rafique Jalees Ul-Hasan Syeda Ammara Hina Khalid Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54890 Pakistan Department of Microbiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics Forman Christian College A Charted University Lahore Pakistan

Silver nanoparticles in the range of 10-40 nm were synthesized chemically and by laser ablation, em- ployed for in vitro antibacterial action against human pathogenic bacterium. Their formation was evidenced by UV-visible spectrophotometer; particle size confirmed by atomic force microscopy, crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction and chemical composition investigated by Fourier transform infrared spec- troscopy. The calculated MIC （minimum inhibitory concentration） of chemically synthesized nanoparticles with 30-40 nm in size are 2.8 μg/mL 4.37 μg/mL 13.5μg/mL and 2.81 p.g/mL for E. coil, S. aureus, B. subtillis and Salmonella, respectively. Whereas laser ablated nanoparticles exhibit MIC of 2.10 μg/mL 2.36 μg/ mL and 2.68 μg/mL for E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella, respectively.

关键词： Chemically synthesized and laser ablated nanoparticles UV-visible spectrophotometer Gram negative and gram positive bacteria

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Intense supercontinuum generation in the near-ultraviolet range from a 400-nm femtosecond laser filament array in fused silica

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第7期26卷 149-152页

作者：李东伟张兰芝 Saba zafar 宋鹤郝作强奚婷婷高勋林景全 School of Science Changchun University of Science and Technology School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

An intense supercontinuum（SC） in the near-ultraviolet range is generated from filamentation by focusing a 400-nm laser into fused silica with a microlens array（MLA）. The spectrum of the SC is shown to be sensitive to the distance between the MLA and fused silica. In our optimal conditions, the near-ultraviolet SC can cover a range of 350-600 nm,where a bandwidth of approximately 55 nm above the 1μJ/nm spectral energy density and 20 nm bandwidth with tens ofμJ/nm are achieved. In addition, the energy conversion efficiency of the 400 nm laser for SC generation is further analyzed.A maximum conversion efficiency of 66% is obtained when the entrance face of fused silica is set around the focus of the MLA.

关键词： filamentation supercontinuum generation microlens array fused silica

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Sustainable food industrial waste management through single cell protein production and characterization of protein enriched bread

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 639-646页

作者： Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan Muhammad Asif zafar Ullah Razzaq Akmal Nazir Abid Aslam Maan Department of Food Engineering University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Food Science College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates

Production of single cell protein(SCP)from food waste is one of the promising approaches for excellent waste *** the present study,SCP was produced through submerged fermentation using selected food wastes(banana peel,citrus peel,carrot pomace and potato peel).During process optimization,combinations of various temperature and nitrogen sources were studied for optimum SCP yield(g/100g).The results indicated that maximum SCP yield was obtained at 30℃ for 7 days on potato peels,whereas citrus and banana peels exhibited the lowest SCP yield at the same process *** SCP compositional analysis indicated that the amount of non-essential amino acids was significantly higher than wheat ***,SCP enriched bread was prepared by adding SCP at different concentrations(0,4,8,and 12%).The organoleptic properties indicated that SCP addition up to 4%was acceptable to prepare protein enriched ***,SCP may be effectively used for food waste management and food security.

关键词： Fruit waste Food security Single cell protein Bread Protein deficiency Malnourishment

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