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Correlation between Intestinal Health and Coccidiosis Prevalence in Broilers during Different Seasons of the Year in Brazil from 2012 to 2018

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 179-198页

作者： Fabio Luis Gazoni Gabriela Miotto Galli Marcel Manente Boiago Lenita Moura stefani Aline Zampar Marco A. Juárez-Estrada Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Aleksandro S. da Silva Animal Health and Reproduction Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil Animal Science Graduate Program Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Chapecó Brazil Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Ciudad Universitaria Ciudad de Mexico Mexico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Coccidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites, specifically belonging to the genus Eimeria. These parasites target the gastrointestinal tract in different types of hosts, causing sores in the intestinal lining. The presence of these lesions reduces the animal’s ability to digest and absorb nutrients, significantly impacting their overall performance. The current study aimed to explore the potential correlation between seasonal variations and the incidence of Eimeria spp-induced lesions in broiler chickens’ gastrointestinal tracts in Brazil from 2012 to 2018. A total of 8,607 broiler chickens, aged 14 to 42 days, were sampled from 103 poultry integrated companies in Brazil to conduct intestinal health examinations. The sampling process involved selecting 3 to 6 chickens from each poultry house for examination. The assessment included various abnormalities such as shedding of intestinal cells and excessive fluid and mucus presence, thickening and tension of the intestines, food movement, roughened mucosal surface resembling a Turkish towel in the small intestine, tissue death, duodenal inflammation, intestinal inflammation, gizzard erosion, presence of worms and bedding material, and ingestion of mealworms. During the seasons, winter exhibited the highest average occurrence of Eimeria maxima microorganisms at 52.83%, with E. acervulina following closely at 26.42% in second place. In spring, E. maxima had an occurrence of 11.31%, while in fall, E. tenella had the lowest occurrence at 6.74%. When analyzing the seasonal occurrence of Eimeria, it was observed that E. maxima micro was more common during winter compared to summer (P = 0.0491). However, no discernible variation was observed in the occurrence of the remaining species across different seasons. Research findings suggest that subclinical coccidiosis is most prevalent during the winter season in Brazil. Likewise, clinical disease caused by E. acervulina is also prevalent during this time. I

关键词： Eimeria Epidemiology Intestinal Pathology Broiler Chickens Brazil

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Key Factors in Determining the Magnitude of Vorticity in Turbulent Plane Wakes

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第2期27卷 145-148页

作者：米建春 R.A.antonia College of Energy & Power Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410004 State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 Discipline of Mechanical Engineering University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Australia

We examine the effects of local turbulence Reynolds number Rλ and inflow conditions on the magnitude of vorticity in plane turbulent wakes. Measurements of the spanwise component （ω3） of the fluctuating vorticity vector ω = ω1i ＋ ω2j ＋ ω3k （here the subscripts 1, 2 and 3 denote the streamwise, lateral and spanwise directions, respectively） are made in turbulent wakes of a screen and a circular cylinder. Lateral distributions of ω3＊（normalized） in general depend on both Rλ and inflow conditions. In the developing region, as the downstream distance x1 increases, ω3＊ increases significantly in the screen wake but decreases slightly in the cylinder wake. Far downstream in the self-preserving region, ω3＊ increases linearly with Rλ while it no longer varies with x1 and depends weakly on the influence of inflow conditions. Our analysis suggests that these findings from the measurement of ω3＊ should apply for the magnitude of ω.

关键词： Fluid dynamics

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Exploiting European GNSS and Ethereum in location proof systems

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1018-1037页

作者： Gianluca Lax antonia Russo DIIES Dept. University Mediterranea of Reggio CalabriaReggio CalabriaItaly

Location-Based Services(LBSs)are essential in many application contexts like ride-sharing or navigation *** are cases where users could gain an advantage by submitting fake *** problem faced in this paper concerns the possibility that the geographic location declared by a user is not the actual location in which the user is *** solutions are based on centralized or distributed verification in the literature,and other solutions are based on witnesses or *** this paper,we highlight the limitations of such approaches and propose a new scheme that exploits signals coming from satellites to provide trustworthy location proofs,also respecting users'*** proposed approach is decentralized because location proofs are stored by users in a suitably-encrypted way,and a blockchain is adopted to guarantee data integrity and *** show that the proposed approach overcomes the state of the art through a detailed analysis.

关键词： Localization location privacy location-based services blockchain Galileo

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Relating soil moisture and air temperature to evapotranspiration fluxes during inter-storm periods at a Mediterranean experimental site

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第1期7卷 27-36页

作者： antonia LONGOBARDI Elina KHAERTDINOVA Department of Civil Engineering University of Salerno Department of Production Safety and Industrial Ecology Ufa State Aviation Technical University

The assessment of the water losses by actual evapotranspiration plays a very important role in water resources management, especially in particular environments suffering soil water stresses and water shortages. The rationales of this study are the scarcity of experimental data, the difficulties in the measurement of direct and continuous evapotranspiration fluxes, and the switching between controls by climate and soil water availability. The temporal patterns of observed soil moisture and air temperature of over three years at an experimental site in southern Italy have been analysed to investigate the relation between them and the actual evapotranspiration volume, estimated using the soil water budget method. To this end, an event-based empirical analysis has been performed, exploring the relation between the mentioned variables. One of the major findings of the explorative phase is the qualitative and quantitative identification of the switching between climate and soil water balance as the controls over actual evapotranspiration at the experimental site. This threshold process has then been modelled at the event and sub-event scale, establishing simple empirical equations to predict actual evapotranspiration losses as a function of soil water content. Multilevel-recorded data also allowed the investigation of the importance of soil depth.

关键词： evapotranspiration soil moisture event scale empirical analysis Italy

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Future cities,resilient cities-The role of underground space in achieving urban resilience

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Underground Space 2020年第3期5卷 223-228页

作者： Han Admiraal antonia Cornaro Enprodes Management Consultancy BV Marshalllaan 22625 GZ Delftthe Netherlands Amberg Engineering AG Trockenloostrasse 218105 Regensdorf-WattSwitzerland ITA Committee on Underground Space(ITACUS) International Environment House(MIE2)Chemin de Balexart 91219 Chaˆtelaine–GenevaSwitzerland

The need for future cities to be resilient stems from the fact that now more than ever in history,both natural and human-made hazards are threatening cities in the forms of shocks and *** ability of cities to resist or restore themselves following these events is dependent on their *** we now firmly enter the Anthropocene,the geological epoch in which human activity,for the first time in history is directly influencing the Earth’s systems,we need to develop resilient cities that can cope with the increase in *** climate change is one factor influencing urban resilience,it is not the only one.A lack of understanding of the subsurface can also influence a city’s resilience,as can the unplanned use of its underground *** planning and developing our cities of the future,a deep understanding of the geology that supports the city is required not only to be able to determine the possibilities of future use but also to determine whether there are natural processes that could threaten human existence over *** destruction of ecosystem services through unchecked human activities could be one of these *** this paper,the authors will investigate how the subsurface and use of underground spaces can influence urban *** role that underground spaces can play in achieving urban resilience for our future cities will be described.

关键词： Underground space Urban planning Urban resilience

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Identification and Cloning of Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in the Interaction Between Potato and Phytophthora infestans using a Subtractive Hybridization and cDNA-AFLP Combinational Approach

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第5期52卷 453-467页

作者： Maria antonia Henriquez Fouad Daayf Department of Plant Science University of Manitoba222 Agriculture BuildingWinnipeg R3T2N2Canada

Using a subtractive hybridization （SH）/cDNA-AFLP combinational approach, differentially expressed genes involved in the potato-Phytophthora infestans interaction were identified. These included genes potentially controlling pathogenesis or avr genes in P. infestans as well as those potentially involved in potato resistance or susceptibility to this pathogen. Forty-one differentially expressed transcript, derived fragments （TDFs）, resulting from the interaction, were cloned and sequenced. Two TDFs, suggested as potential pathogenicity factors, have sequence similarity to N-succinyl diaminopimelate aminotransferase and a transcriptional regulator, TetR family gene, respectively. Two other TDFs, suggested as potential avr genes, have sequence similarity to an EST sequence from Avr41Cf.41Avr91Cf- 9 and a P. infestans avirulence-associated gene, respectively. Genes＇ expression and origin were confirmed using Southern blots, Northern blots and qRT-PCR, he., potential resistance gene DL81 was induced at 12 hpi in the moderately resistant cultivar, whereas it was down-regulated as early as 6 hpi in the susceptible cultivar. On the other hand, DL21 was induced at 6 hpi （3.38-fold） in response to the highly aggressive isolate （US8） and strongly up-regulated thereafter （25.13-fold at 120 hpi.）, whereas it was only slightly up-regulated in response to the weakly aggressive isolate US11 （3.82-fold at 96 hpi）, suggesting its potential involvement as a susceptibility gene.

关键词： cDNA SH AFLP Identification and Cloning of Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in the Interaction Between Potato and Phytophthora infestans using a Subtractive Hybridization and cDNA-AFLP Combinational Approach

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An Ethereum-based solution for energy trading in smart grids

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 194-202页

作者： Francesco Buccafurri Gianluca Lax Lorenzo Musarella antonia Russo Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria DIIESReggio CalabriaItaly

The need for a flexible,dynamic,and decentralized energy market has rapidly grown in recent *** a matter of fact,Industry 4.0 and Smart Grids are pursuing a path of automation of operations to insure all the steps among consumers and producers are getting *** leads towards solutions that exploit the paradigm of public blockchain,which represents the best platform to design flat and liquid markets for which providing trust and accountability to mutual interactions becomes *** the other hand,one of the risks arising in this situation is that personal information is exposed to the network,with intolerable threats to *** this paper,we propose a solution for energy trading,based on the blockchain Ethereum and Smart *** solution aims to be a concrete proposal to satisfy the needs of energy trading in smart grids,including the important feature that no information about the identity of the peers of the network is disclosed in advance.

关键词： Blockchain Smart contract Accountability Smart energy Smart grids

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Hyperkalemia in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: Clinical Use Experience with New Potassium-Binders

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 324-333页

作者： Gennaro Argentino Mario Iorio Alessandra antonia Mele Andrea Camocardi Enrica Emanuela Cascone Maria Elena Liberti Adelia Sagliocca Andrea Pota Luigi Russo Maria Luisa Sirico Germano Terzini Michele Cavasso Chiara Mennillo Francesca Nettuno Raffaele Genualdo Giuseppe Surfaro Lucia Di Micco UOC Nefrologia e Dialisi Ospedale del Mare Naples Italy UOC Chirurgia Generale Ospedale del Mare Naples Italy

Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on maintenance dialysis have a high risk of developing hyperkalemia. In addition to traditional approaches, a new option for the management of patients on dialysis includes the use of a potassium binder, sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC). We evaluated the effect and safety of SZC in patients with chronic PD. Objective: To present a case series that illustrates the real-world use of new potassium-binders in hyperkalemic patients on peritoneal dialysis. Methods: This case series collected 9 patients on PD with baseline potassium values > 5.5 mmol/l and who were treated with SZC 5 g once a day. Data were collected at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 months after initiation of treatment. Results: The median age of patients was 64.5 years and the median duration of observation was 90 ± 5 days. It was observed that median serum potassium decreased (5.8 mmol/l at baseline with a range of 5.8 mmol/L - 6.8 mmol/L versus 4.5 in the third month with a range of 3.6 mmol/L - 5.3 mmol/L) after SZC treatment. Adverse events were observed in 2 (22.2%). The unique adverse event was constipation and presented in 2 patients (22.2%). Constipation was mild and transient during the observation period. No adverse events of special interest were reported. Conclusion: Normokalemia was established and maintained in this series of patients treated with SZC. No episodes of hyper- or hypo-kalemia were observed. SCZ had a good safety profile and was well tolerated over 3 months.

关键词： SZC Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate Hyperkalaemia Peritoneal Dialysis

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Advanced gastric cancer:Current treatment landscape and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第8期22卷 2403-2414页

作者： antonia Digklia Anna Dorothea Wagner Departement d’Oncologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois

Gastric cancer currently ranks fourth in cancer-related mortality worldwide. In the western world, it is most often diagnosed at an advanced stage, after becoming metastatic at distant sites. Patients with advanced disease(locally advanced or metastatic) have a somber prognosis, with a median overall survival of 10-12 mo, and palliative chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. In recent years, novel approaches using inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) have demonstrated significant improvements in progression-free and overall survival, compared with chemotherapy alone, in first-line treatment of patients with overexpression of HER2. In addition, both second-line chemotherapy and treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-inhibitor ramucirumab demonstrated significant benefits in terms of overall survival, compared with best supportive care, in randomized studies. Moreover, ramucirumab in combination with chemotherapy demonstrated further significant benefits in terms of progression-free and overall survival, compared with chemotherapy alone, in second-line treatment for patients with metastatic gastric cancer. A recently published molecular classification of gastric cancer is expected to improve patient stratification and selection for clinical trials and provide a roadmap for future drug development. Nevertheless, despite these developments the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer remains poor. In this review we discuss current standards of care and outline major topics of drug development in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Phase III Clinical trials Chemotherapy Targeted therapy Perspectives

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Public Participation GIS:a FOSS architecture enabling field-data collection

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第5期8卷 345-363页

作者： Maria antonia Brovelli Marco Minghini Giorgio Zamboni DICA Politecnico di MilanoComoItaly

Driven by the rise of Web 2.0 and the non-stop spread of mobile device sensors,the concept of Public Participation GIS(PPGIS)is knowing a revolutionary era which perfectly fits the new vision of Digital Earth(DE).This research investigates the opportunity to build up a PPGIS prototype with completely Free and Open Source Software(FOSS)architecture,in which data directly come from field surveys carried out by users.A sample application related to urban monitoring is addressed,which concentrates on user field-collected data concerning reports of road pavement *** Data Kit suite allows users to collect geotagged multimedia information using mobile devices with onboard location sensors(e.g.a Global Positioning System receiver).On field-captured data are sent to a server and stored into a PostgreSQL database with PostGIS spatial *** then disseminates data on the *** the client-side,different solutions allow data visualization on both desktop computers and mobile *** designed architecture provided support for FOSS usage in the process of gathering,uploading,and Web publishing information collected in *** implementation of the developed PPGIS could thus substantially increase public active participation in data creation and sharing,besides enlarging DE knowledge up to the local level.

关键词： GeoWeb FOSS mobile PPGIS Web Mapping

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