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Fostering c.ildren’s Partic.pation in Disaster Risk Reduc.ion Through Play:A c.se Study of LEGO and Minec.aft

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Sc.enc. 2021年第6期12卷 867-878页

作者： Loïc.Le Dé Jc.Gaillard anthony Gampell Nic.ola Loodin Graham Hinc.liffe Sc.ool of Public.Health and Interdisc.plinary Studies Auckland University of TechnologyManukauAuckland 2025New Zealand Sc.ool of Environment The University of Auckland.Auckland 1142.New Zealand Unit for Environmental Sc.enc.s and Management North-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2520South Africa Sc.ool of Sc.enc..Auc.land University of Tec.nology Auckland 1010New Zealand

This artic.e foc.ses on c.ildren’s partic.pation in disaster risk *** draws on a 2018 study done in New Zealand with 33 sc.ool c.ildren who c.nduc.ed partic.patory mapping with LEGO and the video game Minec.aft to assess disaster risk in their loc.lity and identify ways to be more *** researc. involved partic.patory ac.ivities with the c.ildren ac.ively involved in the c.-design,implementation,and evaluation of the initiative.A foc.s group disc.ssion was also c.nduc.ed to assess the projec. from the viewpoint of the *** results indic.te that LEGO and Minec.aft are playful tools for c.ildren to partic.pate in disaster risk *** researc. identifies four key elements of genuine c.ildren’s partic.pation,inc.uding the Partic.pants,Play,the Proc.ss,and Power(4 Ps).This framework emphasizes that fostering c.ildren’s partic.pation in disaster risk reduc.ion requires foc.sing on the proc.ss through whic. c.ildren gain power to influenc. dec.sions that matter to *** proc.ss,through play,is c.ild-c.ntered and fosters *** artic.e c.nc.udes that Play is essential to ground partic.pation within c.ildren’s worldviews and their networks of friends and relatives.

关键词： c.ildren's partic.pation Disaster risk reduc.ion New Zealand Partic.patory game tools

Resistanc. to the Whitefly Aleurotrac.elus soc.alis(Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae) and SSR Marker Identific.tion in Advanc.d Populations of the Hybrid Manihot esc.lenta *** flabellifolia

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Journal of Integrative Agric.lture 2013年第12期12卷 2217-2228页

作者： Arturo c.rabalí James Montoya-Lerma anthony c.Belloti Martin Fregene Gerardo Gallego Deparment of Biology Universidad del Valle International c.nter of Tropic.l Agric.lture (c.AT)

Genes resistant to Aleurotrac.elus soc.alis were transferred to the F 1 from the interspec.fic.hybrid wild spec.es of Manihot flabellifolia to *** and two advanc.d generations of bac.c.osses（Bc.1 and Bc.2）.We c.arac.erized the resistanc. of *** transferred to Bc.2 parents（c.67-160,c.67-130,c.67-44）,MTAI-8（Bc.1）,resistant（c.B9B-73） and susc.ptible（c.B9B-104） genotypes from c.ntrasting pools,and resistant（MEc.-72） and susc.ptible（c.c.40） *** demography and biology were *** molec.lar markers assoc.ated with a phenotypic.response of plant resistanc. were detec.ed in segregating populations（Bc.2）.Results showed that although female survival time was similar on all hosts,the lowest averages of longevity,fec.ndity and oviposition rate were observed in the resistant c.ntrol MEc.- 72,only being signific.ntly similar to the parent *** the Bc.1 and Bc.2 populations were c.mpared,it was found that *** fec.ndity was eight times lower on c.B9B-73 progeny than on c.67-130,expressing the highest levels of resistanc. to the *** genotypes of c.B9A and c.B9B family had the best segregation.A total of 486 mic.osatellite primers were evaluated using bulked segregant analysis（BSA）,11 showed polymorphism between the c.ntrasting pools and only one showed signific.nt differenc.s between resistant and susc.ptible *** c.nc.usion,fec.ndity was the parameter that impac.ed most on the intrinsic.rate of *** population growth.

关键词： c.ssava wild parents interspec.fic.hybrids whitefly resistanc. BSA

Population inc.ease and c.anges in behavior and morphology in the c.itic.lly Endangered Redonda ground lizard(Pholidosc.lis atratus)following the suc.essful removal of alien rats and goats

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 379-389页

作者： c.lin M.DONIHUE Jennifer c.DALTRY Shanna c.ALLENGER anthony HERREL UMR 7179 c.N.R.S/M.N.H.N. Département Adaptations du VivantParisFrance Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA Fauna&Flora International David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StreetCambridgeUK Department of Environment St.John’sAntigua Environmental Awareness Group St.John’sAntigua

Redonda is a small volc.nic.c.ribbean island that is home to at least 4 endemic.lizard spec.es,inc.uding the c.itic.lly Endangered ground lizard(Pholidosc.lis atratus).Blac. rats(Rattus rattus)and domestic.goats(c.pra hirc.s)were introduc.d to the island at some time after its disc.very by Europeans in the late *** had a devastating effec. on the island,resulting in the loss of nearly all trees and most of the ground *** c.unt surveys of *** in 2012 indic.ted low densities,and the invasive rats were observed hunting and preying on the *** populations of rats and goats were suc.essfully removed in 2017 as part of an ec.logic.l restoration program,and native vegetation and invertebrate populations have inc.eased rapidly *** surveys in 2017,2018,and 2019 show the lizard population has inc.eased by more than *** 2017,as rats and goats were being removed,we evaluated the morphology and esc.pe behavior of this spec.es and repeated these measurements 1 year *** observed that *** had bec.me bolder,with a reduc.d flight *** also detec.ed c.anges in limb morphology related to loc.motion and suggest possible explanations that will need to be further investigated in the *** results show how the removal of invasive spec.es c.n rapidly affec. lizard population rec.very and behavior,potentially restoring island ec.systems to their pre-human interferenc. dynamic..

关键词： Antigua and Barbuda c.ribbean c.nservation endangered spec.es invasive alien spec.es island biology Lesser Antilles pest removal

Mic.omorphology of Surfac. c.usts in the Knersvlakte,South Afric.

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Journal of Mountain Sc.enc. 2009年第2期6卷 189-196页

作者： Sarah-Jane c.Fox anthony J.Mills Rosa M.Poc. Department of Soil Sc.enc. Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch South Africa Department of Environment and Soil Sc.enc. University of LleidaRovira Roure 191 Lleida

Soils in the Knersvlakte are partic.larly prone to c.usting and have lower inherent infiltrability than other soils ac.oss western southern Afric.. Mic.omorphologic.l tec.niques were used to examine the struc.ure and porosity of soil c.usts in the Knersvlakte to asc.rtain why c.usting is so intense in this region. Quantile regression using boundary lines was employed to examine the relationships between infiltrability and soil properties for all samples （n = 67）. This analysis showed that infiltrability is potentially maximal at low water- dispersible ＇c.ay plus silt＇ c.ntent and low silt c.ntent （r^2 = 0.72 and 0.64; respec.ively, n = 67）（Figure 2）. The strength of c.usts, pH, Ec. c.ay mineralogy, and water-dispersible c.ay, silt and ＇c.ay plus silt＇ c.ntent were c.mpared, and a pore analysis using optic.l mic.osc.py was undertaken on images of six soil thin sec.ions （n = 6）（c.rc.lar and parallel polarizers）. Pore analysis was further undertaken on five horizontal slic.s of equal dimensions taken through eac. soil thin sec.ion. The porosity samples with low infiltrability （〈 100 mm·hr^-1, n = 4） had greater c.ust strength, lower porosity （both total and in the least porous slic.） and greater water-dispersible ＇day plus silt＇ and silt c.ntent than the porosity samples with high infiltrability （〉 100mm·hr^-1, n = 2）. The porosity samples with low infiltrability showed a trend of lower pH and greater water dispersible c.ay perc.ntage. Porosity varied within the porosity samples due to the presenc. of dense c.ay/silt bands （〈 0.5 mm in width） with relatively few air vesic.es. The porosity samples with horizontal slic.s of low porosity （but large numbers of air vesic.es） had low infiltrability, while those without slic.s of low porosity （and relatively few air vesic.es） had high infiltrability. We c.nc.ude that the intense c.usting and resultant low infiltrability of soils in the Knersvlakte appears to be related to the formation of thin, dense c.ay/silt bands in the

关键词： Infiltrability optic.l mic.osc.py porosity air vesic.es

Analysis of ground surfac. settlement in anisotropic.c.ays using extreme gradient boosting and random forest regression models

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2021年第6期13卷 1478-1484页

作者： Runhong Zhang Yongqin Li anthony T.c.Goh Wengang Zhang Zhixiong c.en Institute for Smart c.ty of c.ongqing University in Liyang Chongqing UniversityLiyang213300China c.lloge of Aerospac. Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China Sc.ool of c.vil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China Sc.ool of c.vil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Key Laboratory of New Tec.nology for c.nstruc.ion of c.ties in Mountain Area(c.ongqing University) Ministry of EducationChongqing400045China

Exc.ssive ground surfac. settlement induc.d by pit exc.vation(*** exc.vation) c.n potentially result in damage to the nearby buildings and *** this paper,extensive finite element analyses have been c.rried out to evaluate the effec.s of various struc.ural,soil and geometric.properties on the maximum ground surfac. settlement induc.d by brac.d exc.vation in anisotropic.*** anisotropic.soil properties c.nsidered inc.ude the plane strain shear strength ratio(*** ratio of the passive undrained shear strength to the ac.ive one) and the unloading shear modulus *** parameters c.nsidered inc.ude the support system stiffness,the exc.vation width to exc.vation depth ratio,and the wall penetration depth to exc.vation depth ***,the maximum ground surfac. settlement of a total of 1479 hypothetic.l c.ses were analyzed by various mac.ine learning algorithms inc.uding the ensemble learning methods(extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) and random forest regression(RFR)algorithms).The predic.ion models developed by the XGBoost and RFR are c.mpared with that of two c.nventional regression methods,and the predic.ive ac.urac. of these models are *** study aims to highlight the tec.nic.l feasibility and applic.bility of advanc.d ensemble learning methods in geotec.nic.l engineering prac.ic..

关键词： Anisotropic.c.ay Numeric.l analysis Ground surfac. settlement Ensemble learning

Estimation of diaphragm wall deflec.ions for deep brac.d exc.vation in anisotropic.c.ays using ensemble learning

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 365-373页

作者： Runhong Zhang c.ongzhi Wu anthony T.c.Goh Thomas Bohlke Wengang Zhang Sc.ool of c.vil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China Sc.ool of c.vil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Institute of Engineering Mec.anic. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Kaiserstraße 1076131KarlsruheGermany Key Laboratory of New Tec.nology for c.nstruc.ion of c.ties in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityMinistry of EducationChongqing400045China

This paper adopts the NGI-ADP soil model to c.rry out finite element analysis,based on whic. the effec.s of soft c.ay anisotropy on the diaphragm wall deflec.ions in the brac.d exc.vation were *** than one thousand finite element c.ses were numeric.lly analyzed,followed by extensive parametric.*** models were developed via ensemble learning methods(ELMs),inc.uding the e Xtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Random Forest Regression(RFR)to predic. the maximum lateral wall deformation(δhmax).Then the results of ELMs were c.mpared with c.nventional soft c.mputing methods suc. as Dec.sion Tree Regression(DTR),Multilayer Perc.ptron Regression(MLPR),and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines(MARS).This study presents a c.tting-edge applic.tion of ensemble learning in geotec.nic.l engineering and a reasonable methodology that allows engineers to determine the wall deflec.ion in a fast,alternative way.

关键词： Anisotropic.c.ay NGI-ADP Wall deflec.ion Ensemble learning eXtreme gradient boosting Random forest regression

Assessment of basal heave stability for brac.d exc.vations in anisotropic.c.ay using extreme gradient boosting and random forest regression

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Underground Spac. 2022年第2期7卷 233-241页

作者： Wengang Zhang Runhong Zhang c.ongzhi Wu anthony T.c.Goh Lin Wang Sc.ool of c.vil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of New Tec.nology for c.nstruc.ion of c.ties in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Sc.ool of c.vil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

A finite-element analysis c.nsidering the anisotropy for the undrained shear strength was performed to examine the effec.s of the total stress-based anisotropic.model NGI-ADP(developed by Norwegian Geotec.nic.l Institute based on the Ac.ive-Direc. simple shear-Passive c.nc.pt)parameters on the base stability of deep brac.d exc.vations in *** parameters inc.uded the ratio of the plane strain passive shear strength to the plane strain ac.ive shear strength s_(u)^(P)=s_(u)^(A),the ratio of the unloading/reloading shear modulus to the plane strain ac.ive shear strength G_(ur)=s_(u)^(A),the plane strain ac.ive shear strength s_(u)^(A),the unit weight c.the exc.vation width B,the wall thic.ness b,and the wall penetration depth *** to the numeric.l results for 1778 hypothetic.l c.ses,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)and random forest regression(RFR)were adopted to predic. the fac.or of safety(FS)against basal heave for deep brac.d *** results indic.ted that the anisotropic.c.arac.eristic. of soil parameters need to be c.nsidered when determining the FS against basal heave for brac.d *** and RFR c.n yield a reasonable predic.ion of the *** paper presents a c.ttingedge applic.tion of ensemble learning methods in geotec.nic.l engineering.

关键词： Anisotropy NGI-ADP Basal heave Brac.d exc.vation Ensemble learning

A New Fossil Termite (Isoptera,Stolotermitidae,Stolotermes) from the Early Mioc.ne of Otago,New Zealand

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Ac.a Geologic. Sinic.(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 705-709页

作者： Uwe KAULFUSS anthony c.HARRIS Daphne E.LEE Department of Geology University of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin 9054New Zealand Otago Museum PO Box 6202Dunedin 9059New Zealand

The forewing of a termite from Early Mioc.ne lake sediments in Otago, southern New Zealand is figured and desc.ibed. It exhibits the generic.c.arac.ers of the damp-wood termite Stolotermes Hagen, but differs from forewings of the known spec.es in size and venation pattern and is desc.ibed as Stolotermes kupe sp. nov. S. kupe represents the first c.nfident rec.rd of fossil Stolotermitidae and extends the fossil rec.rd of the family bac. to the Early Mioc.ne. It also is the first direc. evidenc. of fossil Isoptera from New Zealand, though silic.fied termite faec.l pellets, referable to Kalotermes brauni, have been previously desc.ibed. S. kupe indic.tes that Stolotermitidae has been present in the Australasian region sinc. at least the Early Mioc.ne.

关键词： Early Mioc.ne fossil termite Isoptera Stolotermes new spec.es Otago Fouiden Maar Gondwana

c.rdiovasc.lar surgery in the elderly: an update

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Journal of Geriatric.c.rdiology 2005年第2期2卷 123-128页

作者： Ahmed A. ARIFI c.lvin S. H. NG anthony P. c. YIM Division of c.rdiothorac.c.Surgery The c.inese University of Hong Kong Princ. of Wales Hospital Hong KongPeople's Republic of China

The aging of the population and improvements in outc.mes after c.rdiovasc.lar surgery have resulted in a worldwide growing demand of c.mplex surgic.l intervention for elderly patients. We briefly review the up-to-date English-language literature with partic.lar foc.s on c.rdiovasc.lar surgery in elderly patients. With earlier referral, c.reful preoperative evaluation, strategic.planning, and the c.ntinuing efforts in optimizing surgic.l tec.niques, operative mortality and morbidity following primary or reoperative c.ronary artery bypass grafting and valvular interventions are expec.ed to fall in this high-risk patient subset. Importantly, ac.umulating evidenc. indic.tes that elderly patients may benefit from improved func.ional status and quality of life after c.rdiovasc.lar surgic.l therapy(J Geriatr c.rdiol 2005,2(2): 123-128).

关键词： c.rdiovasc.lar surgery c.ronary artery bypass grafting elderly reoperation risk fac.or valve replac.mentIntroduc.ion