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Evaluation of Transition Points between Different Solid Phases in Aqueous media

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, methods and Instrumentation 2014年第3期4卷 87-94页

A uniform procedure is suggested for calculation of the pHt value(s) separating equilibrium solid phases in pH scale, at an excess of the precipitating agent. The pHt value, related to pairs of precipitates formed from the species ??and ?, fulfils the relation , where F is a constant value involving pKso’s for solubility products (Kso’s) of these precipitates, and the equilibrium data, related to the species composing these precipitates.

关键词： Electrolytic Systems Precipitates pH-Intervals

Linear Dependence of Balances for Non-Redox Electrolytic Systems

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第17期5卷 1285-1289页

作者： anna m. michalowska-kaczmarczyk Tadeusz michalowski Department of Oncology The University Hospital in CracowCracowPoland Faculty of Engineering and Chemical Technology Technical University of CracowCracowPoland

Two complex dynamic non-redox systems are considered as examples, providing interdependent linear equations. A simple and efficient linear combination method that leads the system of equations to the identity, 0 = 0, is used for this purpose. These examples are clear confirmations of the general property differentiating non-redox and redox electrolytic systems. This property is involved with linear dependence or independence of 2·f(O)-f(H) on charge and elemental/core balances for elements/cores ≠H, O, where f(H) and?f(O) are elemental balances for H and O, respectively.

关键词： Titration Liebig-Denigès method Complexonometric Detemination of Zinc

Comprehension of functional support by enculturated chimpanzees Pan troglodytes

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 429-440页

作者： anna m. YOCOm Sarah T. BOYSEN Department of Psychology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Studies of causal understanding of tool relationships in captive chimpanzees have yielded disparate findings, particularly those reported by Povinelli ＆ colleagues （2000） for tool tasks by laboratory chimpanzees. The present set of experiments tested nine enculturated chimpanzees on three versions of a support task, as described by Povinelli （2000）, during which food re- wards were presented in different experimental configurations. In Experiment 1, stimulus pairs included a choice between a cloth with a reward on the upper right comer or with a second reward off the cloth, adjacent to a comer, with the second pair comprised of a cloth with food on the upper right comer, and a second cloth with the reward on the substrate, partially covered. All subjects were successful with both test conditions in Experiment 1. In a second study, the experimental choices included one of two possi- ble correct options, paired with one of three incorrect options, with the three incorrect choices all involving varying degrees of perceptual containment. All nine chimpanzees scored significantly above chance across all six conditions. In Experiment 3, four unique conditions were presented, combining one of two possible correct choices with one of two incorrect choices. Six of the subjects scored significantly above chance across the four conditions, and group performance on individual conditions was also significant. Superior performance was demonstrated by female subjects in Experiment 3, similar to sex differences in tool use previously reported for wild chimpanzees and some tool tasks in captive chimpanzees. The present results for Experiments 2 ＆ 3 were significantly differed from those reported by Povinelli et al. （2000） for laboratory-born, peer-reared chimpanzees. One contribution towards the dramatic differences between the two study populations may be the significant rearing and housing differences of the chimpanzee groups. One explanation is that under conditions of enculturat

关键词： Chimpanzees Comparative cognition Tool use Causality

Seasonal comparison of moss bag technique against vertical snow samples for monitoring atmospheric pollution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第3期28卷 128-137页

作者： Hanna Salo anna-Kaisa Berisha Joni m?kinen Department of Geography and Geology University of Turku Centre for Research of Lifelong Learning and Education(CELE) University of Turku

This is the first study seasonally applying Sphagnum papillosum moss bags and vertical snow samples for monitoring atmospheric *** bags,exposed in January,were collected together with snow samples by early march 2012 near the Harjavalta Industrial Park in southwest ***,chemical,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（SEm-EDX）,K-means clustering,and Tomlinson pollution load index（PLI）data showed parallel spatial trends of pollution dispersal for both *** strengthen previous findings that concentrate and slag handling activities were important（dust）emission sources while the impact from Cu–Ni smelter＇s pipe remained secondary at closer *** significant correlations existed between the variables of snow and moss *** a summary,both methods work well for sampling and are efficient pollutant *** bags can be used also in winter conditions and they provide more homogeneous and better controlled sampling method than snow samples.

关键词： Biomonitoring Industrial pollution Heavy metal magnetic susceptibility Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

Grafting affects yield and phenolic prof ile of Solanum melongena L. landraces

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第5期15卷 1017-1024页

作者： L Sabatino G Iapichino A maggio E D’ anna m Bruno F D’ anna Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences University of Palermo Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Palermo Regional Centres for Agricultural Technologies (Ce.R.T.A.) University of Foggia

The influence of grafting on agronomical and qualitative characteristics of four Sicilian eggplant landraces was investigated. Grafted and ungrafted plants were compared in the open field in the northern coast of Sicily. Solanum torvum seedlings were used as rootstock. Regardless of genotypes tested, grafting significantly increased total fruit production, marketable production, and number of marketable fruits, but did not affect weight of marketable fruits and waste production. Landrace 2（Sciacca）, with black epidermal tissue and pyriform fruit shape, when grafted onto S. torvum not only gave a higher yield performance than ungrafted plants, but also showed a higher phenolic antioxidant content. Landrace 4（Sicilia）, with black epidermal tissue and small cylindrical fruits also benefited, when grafted onto S. torvum, from a substantial increase in antioxidant fruit content. As consumers＇ demand for fruits and vegetables rich in compounds important for human health is steadily increasing, these landrace/rootstock combinations should deserve more attention by plant nurseries involved in grafted seedling production and interested in the valorization and conservation of eggplant biodiversity.

关键词： eggplant propagation technique yield polyphenols HPLC analysis

Intraseasonal asynchrony as a factor boosting isolation within a metapopulation: The case of the clouded apollo

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 911-922页

作者： Pawet Adamski Adam m.Cmiel anna m.Lipinska Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Nature ConservationKrakowPoland

This article discusses the influence of phenology-related intraseasonal asynchrony on metapopulation dynamics and stability. As the part played by intraseasonal asynchrony is as yet unclear and poorly described, greater account of it should be taken in both metapopulation research and conservation practice. The subpopulations of the Parnassius mnemosyne metapopulation studied here are strongly isolated because of the phenological shift between them, despite the relatively small physical distances between them. This isolation is the result of a significant temporal shift in the species' flight periods in the main metapopulation centers: in som e seasons its flight times in the different subpopulations did not overlap at all. The predicted results of such strong intraseasonal asynchrony are not altogether clear. On the one hand, they reduce the vulnerability of the entire metapopulation to the effects of short-term random disasters. On the other, the ever-greater isolation of subpopulations may cause the metapopulation to becom e a nonequilibrium one, which will have a serious impact on its long-term survival.

关键词： allee effect demography mathematical modeling metapopulation stability phenology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease:Evidence for an Autoimmune Component

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2009年第2期6卷 81-86页

作者： anna m. Stefanska Patrick T. Walsh School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity College Dublin Immunology Research Centre School of Biochemistry and Immunology Biotechnology Building Trinity College Dublin

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is characterized by an irreversible limitation on pulmonary airflow associated with chronic inflammation and mucous hypersecretion （chronic bronchitis） and/or the pathological destruction of alveolar airspaces leading to emphysema. COPD, predominantly as a result of tobacco smoke exposure, represents the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. Despite this, much of the basic mechanisms which contribute to disease progression remain to be elucidated and current therapeutic approaches are, for the most part, based upon alleviating patient symptoms （bronchodilators） as opposed to treating the underlying pathological mechanisms triggered in response to cigarette smoke exposure. The classic disease paradigm suggests that an imbalance of pulmonary matrix proteases versus anti-proteases underlies the tissue destruction and inflammation associated with COPD. However, there is a growing appreciation of the complex and multifaceted nature of the pathological mechanisms associated with disease progression. Recently, there has been mounting evidence indicating that COPD patients exhibit many of the characteristics of a classical autoimmune response. We will discuss current evidence in support of this paradigm and outline how future therapeutic approaches may be tailored to address this.

关键词： COPD autoimmunity emphysema Th 1 Th 17

Interactive effects of metal pollution and ocean acidification on physiology of marine organisms

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 653-668页

作者： anna V. Ivanina Inna m. Sokolova Department of Biological Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA

Changes in the global environment such as ocean acidification （OA） may interact with anthropogenic pollutants including trace metals threatening the integrity of marine ecosystems. We analyze recent studies on the interactive effects of OA and trace metals on marine organisms with a focus on the physiological basis of these interactions. Our analysis shows that the responses to elevated CO2 and metals are strongly dependent on the species, developmental stage, metal biochemistry and the degree of environmental hypercapnia, and cannot be directly predicted from the CO2-induced changes in metal solubility and speciation. The key physiological functions affected by both the OA and trace metal exposures involve acid-base regulation, pro- tein turnover and mitochondrial bioenergetics, reflecting the sensitivity of the underlying molecular and cellular pathways to CO2 and metals. Physiological interactions between elevated CO2 and metals may impact the organisms＇ capacity to maintain ac- id-base homeostasis and reduce the amount of energy available for fitness-related functions such as growth, development and re- production thereby affecting survival and performance of estuarine populations. Environmental hypercapnia may also affect the marine food webs by altering predator-prey interactions and the trophic transfer of metals in the food chain. However, our under- standing of the degree to which these effects can impact the function and integrity of marine ecosystems is limited due the scar- city of the published research and its bias towards certain taxonomic groups. Future research priorities should include studies of metal x Pco2 interactions focusing on critical physiological functions （including acid-base, protein and energy homeostasis） in a greater range of ecologically and economically important marine species, as well as including the field populations naturally ex- posed （and potentially adapted） to different levels of metals and CO2 in their environments [Curre

关键词： CO2 Trace metals metal accumulation Acid-base homeostasis Bioenergetics Estuaries

Neurovascular unit on a chip:the relevance and maturity as an advanced in vitro model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1165-1166页

作者： Sujey Palma-Florez anna Lagunas mònica mir Nanobioengineering Group Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia(IBEC)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST)BarcelonaSpain CIBER-BBN ISCIIIMadridSpain Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

The brain is a high-energy demanding organ,consuming around 20%of the metabolic energy *** fulfill this demand,cerebral blood flow(CBF)supplies oxygen and glucose continuously through the intricate network of cerebral blood *** for many years brain activity and blood flow were conceived as independent processes,mRI-based functional brain imaging demonstrated that there is a coupling between them.

关键词： cerebral maturity consuming