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Do Larger and Older Individuals Occupy Better Areas in the Colony of Qinghai Toad-headed Agamas?

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Asian Herpetological Research 2023年第3期14卷 183-190页

作者： Eduard GALOYAN Natalia SOPILKO anna KOVALYEVA Yin QI A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Moscow 119071Russia Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gori 1Moscow 119991Russia Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina

Group living reduces the chances of *** is also true for burrowing animals,which use burrows as refuges to escape *** in the center of a colony is the safest because it offers access to the greatest number of burrows;however,it is stressful due to frequent aggressive interactions *** predicted that larger and older animals should occupy areas of a colony with a higher density of burrows than smaller and younger *** test this prediction,we observed individually marked Qinghai toad-headed agamas(Phynocephalus vlangalii)from a single colony late in the breeding season when females were *** of burrows was the highest and distance between them the shortest in the center of the *** encounters were more frequent in the central part of the colony than on its *** found a negative correlation between body size and distance to the center of the colony for females,but not for *** was no such correlation between age of individuals and distance to the center of the *** in this species likely compete with other females and males for central burrows in the colony even after mating season *** suggest that gravid females likely compete for the dense burrows within the central part of the colony mainly due to their relatively lower sprint speed and higher probability of being caught by a predator if they are not refuged in a burrow.

关键词： burrow distribution competition group living lizards Phrynocephalus space use

Culturomics and metagenomics: In understanding of environmental resistome

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 29-40页

作者： Monika Nowrotek Lukasz Jalowiecki Monika Harnisz Grazyna anna Plaza Microbiology Unit Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas Kossutha 6 Str. 40-844 Katowice Poland Department of Environmental Microbiology Faculty of Environmental Sciences University of Warmia and Mazuiy Prawochenskiego 1 Str. 10-720 Olsztyn Poland Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Organization and Management Institute of Engineering Production Roosevelta 26 Str. 41-800 Zabrze Poland

Pharmaceutical residues, mainly antibiotics, have been called "emerging contaminants" in the environment because of their increasing frequency of detection in aquatic and terrestrial systems and their sublethal ecological effects. Most of them are undiscovered. Both human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, are introduced into the environment via many different routes, including discharges from municipal wastewater treatment plants and land application of animal manure and biosolids to fertilize croplands. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the widespread problem of antibiotic resistance, modem and scientific approaches have been developed to gain knowledge of the entire antibiotic-resistant microbiota of various ecosystems, which is called the resistome. In this review, two omics methods, i.e. culturomics, a new approach, and metagenomics, used to study antibiotic resistance in environmental samples, are described. Moreover, we discuss how both omics methods have become core scientific tools to characterize microbiomes or resistomes, study natural communities and discover new microbes and new antibiotic resistance genes from environments. The combination of the method for get better outcome of both culturomics and metagenomics will significantly advance our understanding of the role of microbes and their specific properties in the environment.

关键词： Culturomics Metagenomics Antibiotic resistance Resistome

Laetmonice iocasica ***.,a new polychaete species(Annelida:Aphroditidae)from seamounts in the tropical Western Pacific,with remarks on *** Grube,1877

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第5期39卷 1805-1816页

作者： Xuwen WU Pat HUTCHINGS anna MURRAY Kuidong XU Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine BiologyInstitute of OceanologyCenter for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Australian Museum Australian Museum Research InstituteSydney NSW 2000Australia Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversityNorth Ryde 2109Australia University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Laetmonice Kinberg,1856 is a remarkable genus characterized by having harpoon notochaetae in the polychaete family *** describe a new species of Laetmonice,Laetmonice iocasica ***.,found from seamounts on the Caroline Ridge in the tropical Western *** new species is readily distinguished from congeners,particularly those distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean by possessing45 segments with 18 pairs of elytra,and the tuberculated harpoon notochaetae in the elytrigerous segments,which are replaced by tuberculated notochaetae without recurved fangs on segments 4 and *** iocasica *** closely related to *** Grube,1877,but differs in both morphology and the genetic distance of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I(COI)*** producta Grube,1877 contained five varieties reported in various marine areas,which have been raised to species ***,the records of *** from the Sagami B ay and Suruga B ay in Japan and in the south-eastern Australia remain obscure and probably represent a different *** data indicate that ***,which was originally described from Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean and later commonly found on the Antarctic shelf,is probably distributed only at high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.

关键词： Polychaeta taxonomy biodiversity deep-sea

A generalized ODE susceptible-infectious-susceptible compartmental model with potentially periodic behavior

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1190-1202页

作者： Scott Greenhalgh anna Dumas Department of Mathematics Siena College515 Loudon RoadLoudonvilleNY12211USA

Differential equation compartmental models are crucial tools for forecasting and analyzing disease *** these models,those dealing with only susceptible and infectious individuals are particularly useful as they offer closed-form expressions for solutions,namely the logistic ***,the logistic equation has limited ability to describe disease trajectories since its solutions must converge monotonically to either the diseasefree or endemic equilibrium,depending on the ***,many diseases exhibit periodic cycles,and thus,do not converge to *** address this limitation,we developed a generalized susceptible-infectious-susceptible compartmental model capable of accurately incorporating the duration of infection distribution and describing both periodic and non-periodic disease *** characterized how our model's parameters influence its behavior and applied the model to predict gonorrhea incidence in the US,using Akaike Information Criteria to inform on its merit relative to the traditional SIS *** significance of our work lies in providing a novel susceptible-infectedsusceptible model whose solutions can have closed-form expressions that may be periodic or non-periodic depending on the *** work thus provides disease modelers with a straightforward way to investigate the potential periodic behavior of many diseases and thereby may aid ongoing efforts to prevent recurrent outbreaks.

关键词： Infectious period Duration of infection Gonorrhea Integral equations Differential equations

In-vehicle VOCs composition of unconditioned,newly produced cars

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1052-1061页

作者： Krzysztof Brodzik Joanna Faber Damian Lomankiewicz anna Golda-Kopek BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd

The in-vehicle volatile organic compounds （VOCs） concentrations gains the attention of both car producers and users. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine if analysis of air samples collected from an unconditioned car cabin can be used as a quality control measure. The VOCs composition of in-vehicle air was analyzed by means of active sampling on Carbograph 1TD and Tenax TA sorbents, followed by thermal desorption and simultaneous analysis on flame ionization and mass detector （TD-GC/FID-MS）. Nine newly produced cars of the same brand and model were chosen for this study. Within these, four of the vehicles were equipped with identical interior materials and five others differed in terms of upholstery and the presence of a sunroof; one car was convertible. The sampling event took place outside of the car assembly plant and the cars tested left the assembly line no later than 24 hr before the sampling took place. More than 250 compounds were present in the samples collected; the identification of more than 160 was confirmed by comparative mass spectra analysis and 80 were confirmed by both comparison with single/multiple compounds standards and mass spectra analysis. In general, aliphatic hydrocarbons represented more than 60% of the total VOCs （TVOC） determined. Depending on the vehicle, the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons varied from 12% to 27% of total VOCs. The very short period between car production and sampling of the in-vehicle air permits the assumption that the entire TVOC originates from off-gassing of interior materials. The results of this study expand the knowledge of in-vehicle pollution by presenting information about car cabin air quality immediately after car production.

关键词： volatile organic compounds (VOCs) car interior materials emission

Physiological and biochemical characteristic of Miscanthus×giganteus grown in heavy metal-oil sludge co-contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 114-125页

作者： anna Muratova Yelena Lyubun Irina Sungurtseva Olga Turkovskaya Asil Nurzhanova Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms RAS Saratov 410015Russia Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Almaty 050040Kazakhstan

The effect of oil sludge and zinc,present in soil both separately and as a mixture on the physiological and biochemical parameters of Miscanthus×giganteus plant was examined in a pot *** opposite effect of pollutants on the accumulation of plant biomass was established:in comparison with uncontaminated control the oil sludge increased,and Zn reduced the root and shoot *** sludge had an inhibitory effect on the plant photosynthetic apparatus,which intensified in the presence of *** specific antioxidant response of M.×giganteus to the presence of both pollutants was a marked increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase(mostly owing to oil sludge)and glutathione-S-transferase(mostly owing to zinc)in the *** participation of glutathione-S-transferase in the detoxification of both the organic and the inorganic pollutants was *** inhibited the activity of laccase-like oxidase,whereas oil sludge promoted laccase and ascorbate oxi-dase *** finding suggests that these enzymes play a part in the oxidative detox-ification of the organic *** both pollutants used jointly,Zn accumulation in the roots increased 6-fold,leading to increase in the efficiency of soil clean-up from the *** turn,Zn did not significantly affect the soil clean-up from oil *** study shows for the first time the effect of co-contamination of soil with oil sludge and Zn on the phys-iological and biochemical characteristics of the bioenergetic plant M.×*** data obtained are important for understanding the mechanisms of phytoremediation with this plant.

关键词： Miscanthus×giganteus Oil sludge Zinc Antioxidant enzymes Oxidative enzymes

Subcellular localization of Rho GTPases: implications for axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1032-1033页

作者： Di anna L.Hynds Department of Biology Texas Woman's University

Damage to neurons in the central nervous system often leads to a permanent loss of function due to several factors,including reduced capacity of axons to regenerate and an environment that inhibits axon regeneration because of disruption of myelin and the formation of a growth-refractory glial scar around the injury（Yoon and Tuszynski,2012）.

关键词： Rho Subcellular localization of Rho GTPases GTPase

Efficient photon-pair generation in layer-poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2847-2856页

作者： Xiaodong Shi Sakthi Sanjeev Mohanraj Veerendra Dhyani Angela anna Baiju Sihao Wang Jiapeng Sun Lin Zhou anna Paterova Victor Leong Di Zhu A*STAR Quantum Innovation Centre(Q.InC) Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore 117542Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore

Integrated photon-pair sources are crucial for scalable photonic quantum ***-film lithium niobate is a promising platform for on-chip photon-pair generation through spontaneous parametric down-conversion(SPDC).However,the device implementation faces practical *** poled lithium niobate(PPLN),despite enabling flexible quasi-phase matching,suffers from poor fabrication reliability and device repeatability,while conventional modal phase matching(MPM)methods yield limited efficiencies due to inadequate mode ***,we introduce a layer-poled lithium niobate(LPLN)nanophotonic waveguide for efficient photon-pair *** leverages layer-wise polarity inversion through electrical poling to break spatial symmetry and significantly enhance nonlinear interactions for MPM,achieving a notable normalized second-harmonic generation(SHG)conversion efficiency of 4615%W^(−1)cm^(−2).Through a cascaded SHG and SPDC process,we demonstrate photon-pair generation with a normalized brightness of 3.1×10^(6)Hz nm^(−1)mW^(−2)in a 3.3 mm long LPLN waveguide,surpassing existing onchip sources under similar operating ***,our LPLN waveguides offer enhanced fabrication reliability and reduced sensitivity to geometric variations and temperature fluctuations compared to PPLN *** expect LPLN to become a promising solution for on-chip nonlinear wavelength conversion and non-classical light generation,with immediate applications in quantum communication,networking,and on-chip photonic quantum information processing.

关键词： waveguide waveguides lithium

Towards high-performance tubular-type protonic ceramic electrolysis cells with all-Ni-based functional electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 65-74,I0003页

作者： Artem Tarutin anna Kasyanova Julia Lyagaeva Gennady Vdovin Dmitry Medvedev Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature ElectrochemistryYekaterinburg 620137Russia Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg 620002Russia

Protonic ceramic electrolysis cells(PCECs),which permit high-temperature electrolysis of water,exhibit various advantages over conventional solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs),including cost-effectiveness and the potential to operate at low-/intermediate-temperature ranges with high performance and *** many efforts have been made in recent years to improve the electrochemical characteristics of PCECs,certain challenges involved in scaling them up remain *** the present work,we present a twin approach of combining the tape-calendering method with all-Ni-based functional electrodes with the aim of fabricating a tubular-designed PCEC having an enlarged electrode area(4.6 cm^2).This cell,based on a 25μm-thick BaCe0.5Zr0.3Dy0.2O3-δ proton-conducting electrolyte,a nickelbased cermet and a Pr1.95Ba0.05NiO4+δ oxygen electrode,demonstrates a high hydrogen production rate(19 m L min^-1 at 600℃),which surpasses the majority of results reported for traditional button-or planar-type *** findings increase the scope for scaling up solid oxide electrochemical cells and maintaining their operability at reducing temperatures.

关键词： Steam electrolysis Hydrogen production PCECs Proton-conducting electrolytes Ln2NiO4