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Evolution of personality and locomotory performance traits during a late Pleistocene island colonization in a tree frog

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 631-641页

作者： Roberta Bisconti Claudio Carere David Costantini anita Liparoto Andrea Chiocchio Daniele Canestrelli Department of Ecological and Biological Science Tuscia UniversityLargo dell’Universitàs.n.c.01100 ViterboItaly UnitéPhysiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation(PhyMA) Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSCP3257 rue Cuvier 75005 ParisFrance

Recent empirical and theoretical studies suggest that personality and locomotory performance traits linked to dispersal abilities are crucial components of the dispersal syndromes,and that they can evolve during range expansions and colonization *** colonization is one of the best characterized processes in dispersal biogeography,and its implication in the evolution of phenotypic traits has been investigated over a wide range of temporal ***,the effect of island colonization on personality and performance traits of natural populations,and how these traits could drive island colonization,has been little ***,no studies have addressed these processes in the context of late Pleistocene range ***,we investigated the contribution of island colonization triggered by postglacial range expansions to intraspecific variation in personality and locomotory performance *** compared boldness,exploration,jumping performance,and stickiness abilities in populations from 3 equidistant areas of the Tyrrhenian tree frog Hyla sarda,2 from the main island(Corsica Island),and 1 from the recently colonized island of *** from Elba were significantly bolder than individuals from Corsica,as they emerged sooner from a shelter(P=0.028),while individuals from Corsica showed markedly higher jumping and stickiness performance(both P<0.001),resulting as more performing than those of *** discuss these results in the context of the major microevolutionary processes at play during range expansion,including selection,spatial sorting,founder effects,and their possible interaction with local adaptation processes.

关键词： behavioral syndrome colonization dispersal founder effect Hyla sarda insularity personality

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Face transplantation:Anesthetic challenges

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World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第4期6卷 646-649页

作者： Aparna dalal Department of Anesthesiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Face transplantation is a complex vascular composite allotransplantation(VCA) surgery. It involves multiple types of tissue, such as bone, muscles, blood vessels, nerves to be transferred from the donor to the recipient as one unit. VCAs were added to the definition of organs covered by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation NetworkFinal Rule and National Organ Transplant Act. Prior to harvest of the face from the donor, a tracheostomy is usually performed. The osteotomies and dissection of the midface bony skeleton may involve severe hemorrhagic blood loss often requiring transfusion of blood products. A silicon face mask created from the facial impression is used to reconstruct the face and preserve the donor's dignity. The recipient airway management most commonly used is primary intubation of an existing tracheostoma with a flexometallic endotracheal tube. The recipient surgery usually averages to 19-20 h. Since the face is a very vascular organ, there is usually massive bleeding, both in the dissection phase as well as in the reperfusion phase. Prior to reperfusion, often, after one sided anastomosis of the graft, the contralateral side is allowed to bleed to get rid of the preservation solution and other additives. Intraoperative product replacement should be guided by laboratory values and point of care testing for coagulation and hemostasis. In face transplantation, bolus doses of pressors or pressor infusions have been used intraoperatively in several patients to manage hypotension. This article reviews the anesthetic considerations for management for face transplantation, and some of the perioperative challenges faced.

关键词： Face transplantation Vascular composite allotransplantation Organ harvest Facial reconstruction

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Split liver transplantation:What's unique?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2015年第3期5卷 89-94页

作者： Aparna R dalal Department of Anesthesiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

The intraoperative management of split liver transplantation(SLT) has some unique features as compared to routine whole liver transplantations. Only the liver has this special ability to regenerate that confers benefits in survival and quality of life for two instead of one by splitting livers. Primary graft dysfunction may result from small for size syndrome. Graft weight to recipient body weight ratio is significant for both trisegmental and hemiliver grafts. Intraoperative surgical techniques aim to reduce portal hyperperfusion and decrease venous portal pressure. Ischemic preconditioning can be instituted to protect against ischemic reperfusion injury which impacts graft regeneration. Advancement of the technique of SLT is essential as use of split cadaveric grafts expands the donor pool and potentially has an excellent future.

关键词： Graft to recipient body weight ratio Split liver transplantation Small for size syndrome Hemiliver grafts Portal hyperperfusion

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Monitoring Trace Metals in Some Cultured Freshwater Fish Species in Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2013年第9期3卷 481-488页

作者： Aljabryn dalal Hamad Nutrition and Food Science Department Princess Nora University Riyadh 11471 Saudi Arabia

Three species of freshwater fishes, Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias lazera and Cyprinus carpio, were collected in marketing size from some fish farms in Al-Kharj region, Riyadh area, Saudi Arabia and examined throughout the year 2012 for the following trace metals contents： chromium （Cr）, lead （Pb）, cobalt （Co）, nickel （Ni）, copper （Cu）, zinc （Zn）, iron （Fe） and cadmium （Cd）. The results showed no detection of Cd in all examined species, however, the mean values of other tested metals were within the standard permissible levels except for Pb which showed higher mean levels ranged from 2.05 ± 0.65 mg/kg to 5.30 ± 0.60 mg/kg in O. niloticus, 0.15 ± 0.13 mg/kg to 6.40 ± 0.10 mg/kg in C. lazera and 1.7 ± 0.20 mg/kg in C. carpio compared to the maximum permissible limits recorded by Saudi Arabia Standards Organization （SASO） for fish and shellfish. Consequently, from the public health point of view, efficient routine examination of cultured fishes to control trace metals during culture processes and before marketing is recommended.

关键词： Heavy metals fresh water Saudi Arabia fish farming.

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The Successive Approximation Method for Solving Nonlinear Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Kind Using Maple

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2019年第10期9卷 832-843页

作者： dalal Adnan Maturi Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

In this paper, we will use the successive approximation method for solving Fredholm integral equation of the second kind using Maple18. By means of this method, an algorithm is successfully established for solving the non-linear Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Finally, several examples are presented to illustrate the application of the algorithm and results appear that this method is very effective and convenient to solve these equations.

关键词： Nonlinear Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Kind Successive Approximation Method Maple18

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Polymerization of lactide and synthesis of block copolymer catalyzed by copper(Ⅱ) Schiff base complex

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第12期27卷 1763-1766页

作者： anita Routaray Somanath Mantri Nibedita Nath Alekha Kumar Sutar Tungabidya Maharana Catalysis Research Lab Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack-3 Odisha India Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Raipur India

In the present investigation, the novel copper Schiff base complex was synthesized and its catalytic activity was evaluated for the ring-opening polymerization （ROP） of lactide and block polymerization of poly（lact... 详细信息

关键词： ROP Lactide Schiff Base Copper complex PLA Block polymer

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Antioxidant activity and phenol and flavonoid contents of eight medicinal plants from Western Nepal

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2014年第5期34卷 584-590页

作者： Lalita Subedi Sunita Timalsena Pabitra Duwadi Ritu Thapa anita Paudel Kalpana Parajuli Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Health and Allied SciencesPokhara University

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoids contents of selected medicinal plants form the Western region of ***: The antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plants were determined by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity; total ferric ion reducing ability through spectroscopic analysis. The content of total phenols was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, whereas Aluminum chloride colorimetric method was used for flavonoid ***: Extracts of Syzygium Operculatus(87%),Astilbe Rivularis(83%) and Mallotus Philippnensis(88%) showed significant free radical scavenging activity with effective concentration(EC50) close to that of ascorbic acid. Syzygium Operculatus(96%),Astilbe Rivularis(97%) and Mallotus Philippnensis(97%) had potent reducing power in concentration dependent fashion. Those plant extract with higher free radical scavenging and ferric reducing effect also showed the greater content of both phenols and flavonoids, suggesting the correlation between polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity. Those plant extracts which showed better antioxidant activity assays, also demonstrated higher total phenol and flavonoid contents. These three plants showed the presence of higher amount of phenols and ***: This study may provide the scientific basis for the traditional use of those plants and may provide valuable idea for further research.

关键词： Plants, medicinal Antioxidants 2, 2-di-phenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl Phenol Flavonoids

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Newer antipsychotics: Brexpiprazole, cariprazine, and lumateperone: A pledge or another unkept promise?

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第12期11卷 1228-1238页

作者： Rajdip Barman Pradipta Majumder Tejaswini Doifode anita Kablinger Department of Psychiatry Genesis Health SystemDavenportIA 52804United States Department of Psychiatry WellSpanYorkPA 17420United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Carilion Clinic-Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVA 24014United States

Antipsychotic agents are used for various indications in the treatment of psychiatric *** their proven roles in multiple conditions,the treatment-emergent side effects of antipsychotic medications,such as metabolic side effects,are often the limiting factor for their long-term and short-term ***,antipsychotic medications are often criticized for being less effective in treating different disabling symptoms such as negative symptoms of *** a result,the search for safer and more efficacious antipsychotic agents is *** antipsychotic agents are gaining attention related to emerging efficacy and tolerability data in treating neuropsychiatric *** this review,we attempt to appraise the scientific data on psychopharmacology,safety profile,and efficacy of the newer additions to the list of second-generation antipsychotics,namely brexpiprazole,cariprazine,and *** conducted a selective review utilizing PubMed,***,and Cochrane databases to gather appropriate publications,keeping broad inclusion *** were no restrictions on the age of the study population or the year of *** also cross-referenced articles and references to capture all existing *** review of the current literature indicates that all three antipsychotic agents appear to be promising based on their short-term studies,while long-term studies remain *** is also a need for a head to head comparison between the newer antipsychotics with the other antipsychotic agents to ascertain if the newer agents are any better than the others.

关键词： Antipsychotic agent Brexpiprazole Cariprazine Lumateperone Psychopharmacology Schizophrenia

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Left and right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: does one lead to the other?

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2009年第1期6卷 3-10页

作者： Faramarz Tehrani anita Phan Ernst R. Schwarz Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California

Background and Objective Diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle is a mechanical abnormality diagnosed primarily by echocardiogram, and can be distinguished into three separate degrees based on the severity of reduction in passive compliance and active myocardial relaxation. Methods A literature search was performed for basic science studies, clinical studies and major practice guidelines on the subject of diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure. Important findings were analyzed and correlated with regard to clinical relevance. Results Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction appears to compromise exercise tolerance and is believed to contribute to the pathophysiology in patients with diastolic heart failure. In the clinical setting, however, oftentimes no clear distinction is made between echocardiographically diagnosed diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure, and adequate treatment recommendations are sparse and aimed to prevent worsening and progression of clinical symptoms. To date, there is a lack of high powered trials assessing the possible progression rate from echocardiographically diagnosed diastolic dysfunction to the clinical diagnosis of diastolic heart failure. Furthermore, there are no solid indices to assess the degree of severity of diastolic dysfunction or its progression. Pure right ventricular diastolic dysfunction appears to be even less understood and under-recognized, although it may play a role in the development of both right and left heart failure. Currently there are few but interesting data on the possible interaction between ventricles with diastolic dysfunction and the overall affect on the development of heart failure. Conclusions The timeline and progression of diastolic dysfunction to diastolic heart failure have not been well established and warrant further investigation.

关键词： Diastolic dysfunction diastolic heart failure left ventricular dysfunction heart failure cardiomyopathy

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Loading Detection and Number Estimation of an Electron Plasma in a Penning Trap

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第5期11卷 521-528页

作者： K.T.SATYAJIT anita GUPTA Gopal JOSHI Shyam MOHAN Pushpa RAO Sharath ANANTHAMURTHY Department of Physics Bangalore UniversityJnanabharati Campus Spectroscopy Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Electronics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

A quadrupole Penning trap for spectroscopy and investigations of non-neutral plasmas was designed and built. In this work we provide details of the trap design and a discussion of a simple design and procedure for convenient electron loading from an aligned filament. Electrons from thermionic emission which form a low-energy diffuse beam are trapped in weak magnetic fields. They are detected through a non-destructive electronic detection scheme, the details of which are discussed. The detection signal is diminished when the electron beam energy is increased while the electron flux is kept constant. This is explained by considering the energy shift in the distribution function of electrons emitted from the filament and entering the trap. We present a calculation of the number of trapped electrons from the shape of the detection signal. This calculation, based on a model of a driven damped harmonic oscillator to describe the axial motion of the electrons, compares favourably with the numbers obtained by measurements of the space charge induced shift in the trap potential.

关键词： Penning trap non-neutral plasma

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