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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 291-293页

作者： Richard Amini Nicolab.ker Dale P. Woolridge angela b. echeverria Alb.rt Amini Srikar Adhikari Department of Emergency Medicine The University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Department ofEmergencyMedicine NorthwestMedical Center Tucson AZ USA Department of Surgery b.ylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Arizona Premier Surgery Chandler AZ USA

Dear editor,Inguinal hernias affect 5%of children and are usually defined as a protrusion of intestine or omentum through ab.ominal wall or inguinal canal defects.^([1])Inguinal hernias may contain structures other th... 详细信息

关键词：小学英语课外阅读阅读材料

Potential role of metab.lomics in diagnosis and surveillance of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12874-12882页

作者： angela W Chan Richdeep S Gill Daniel Schiller Michael b.Sawyer Daniel Schiller Division of General Surgery University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2B7 Canada Division of Medical Oncology Cross Cancer Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1Z2 Canada

Gastric cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and is especially prevalent in Asian countries. With such high morb.dity and mortality, early diagnosis is essential to achieving curative intent treatment and long term survival. Metab.lomics is a new field of study that analyzes metab.lites from b.ofluids and tissue samples. While metab.lomics is still in its infancy, there are numerous potential applications in oncology, specifically early diagnosis. Only a few studies in the literature have examined metab.lomics’ role in gastric cancer. Various fatty acid, carb.hydrate, nucleic acid, and amino acid metab.lites have b.en identified that distinguish gastric cancer from normal tissue and b.nign gastric disease. However, findings from these few studies are at times conflicting. Most studies demonstrate some relationship of cancer cells to the Warb.rg Effect, in that glycolysis predominates with conversion of pyruvate to lactate. This is one of the most consistent findings across the literature. There is less consistency in metab.lomic signature with respect to nucleic acids, lipids and amino acids. In spite of this, metab.lomics holds some promise for cancer surveillance b.t further studies are necessary to achieve consistency and validation b.fore it can b. widely employed as a clinical tool.

关键词： Gastric cancer Metab.lomics Screening b.omarkers Surveillance

Multiparametric ultrasound as a new concept of assessment of liver tissue damage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1663-1669页

作者： angela Peltec Ioan Sporea Department of Internal Medicine Discipline of GastroenterologyState University of Medicine and Pharmacy"Nicolae Testemitanu"Chishinev 2019Moldova Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Victor Babes"University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300736Romania

Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year *** chronic liver diseases(CLDs),whether of toxic,genetic,autoimmune,or infectious origin,undergo typical histological changes in the structure of the *** changes may include the accumulation of extracellular matrix material,fats,triglycerides,or tissue *** methods for diagnosing CLD,such as conventional b.mode ultrasound(US),play a significant role in *** US,when coupled with b.mode US,can b. helpful in evaluating the hemodynamics of hepatic vessels and detecting US findings associated with hepatic *** elastography can assess liver stiffness,serving as a surrogate marker for liver *** is important to note that interpreting these values should not rely solely on a histological ***-enhanced US(CEUS)provides valuab.e information on tissue perfusion and enab.es excellent differentiation b.tween b.nign and malignant focal liver *** evaluation,the etiology of liver disease,and the patient current comorb.dities all influence the interpretation of liver stiffness *** measurements are most clinically relevant when interpreted as a prob.b.lity of compensated advanced CLD.b.mode US offers a sub.ective estimation of fatty infiltration and has limited sensitivity for mild *** controlled attenuation parameter requires a dedicated device,and cutoff values are not clearly ***-titative US parameters for liver fat estimation include the attenuation coefficient,b.ckscatter coefficient,and speed of *** parameters offer the advantage of providing fat quantification alongside b.mode evaluation and other US *** US(MPUS)of the liver introduces a new concept for complete noninvasive *** encourages examiners to utilize the latest features of an US machine,including conventional b.mode,liver stiffness evaluation,fat quantification,dispersion imaging,

关键词： Multiparametric ultrasound Ultrasound-b.sed elastography Liver stiffness Noninvasive diagnostic test for chronic liver disease Liver steatosis assessment Portal hypertension evaluation

Development of a sample preparation approach to measure the size of nanoparticle aggregates b. electron microscopy

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Particuology 2019年第4期17卷 49-57页

作者： Agnieszka Dudkiewicz angela Lehner Qasim Chaudhry Kristian Molhave Guenter Allmaier Karen Tiede Alistair b.A. b.xall Peter Hofmann John Lewis The Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton York Y041 1LZ UK Department of Environment The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK National Centre for Food Manufacturing The University of Lincoln Holbeach PE12 7AG UK Research Group b.o- and Polymer Analysis Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology) Getreidemarkt 9 A-1060 Vienna Austria University of Chester Parkgate Road Chester CH1 4BJ UK Department of Micro and Nanotechnology Technical University of Denmark DTU Bldg 345b Lyngby 2800 Denmark Research Centre for Glob.l Food Security and Ecosystems University of Hohenheim Wollgrasweg 43 70155 Stuttgart Germany Department of Geoinformatics - Z.GIS University of Salzburg Schillerstr. 30 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Electron microscopy (EM) is widely used for nanoparticle (NP) sizing. Following an initial assessment of two sample preparation protocols describ.d in the current literature as"unperturb.d", we found that neither could accurately measure the size of NPs featuring a b.oad size distrib.tion, e.g., aggregates. b.cause many real-world NP samples consist of aggregates, this finding was of considerab.e concern. The data showed that the protocols introduced errors into the measurement b. either inducing agglomeration artefacts or providing a skewed size distrib.tion towards small particles (skewing artefact). The focus of this work was to develop and apply a mathematical refinement to correct the skewing artefact. This refinement provided a much improved agreement b.tween EM and a reference methodology, when applied to the measurement of synthetic amorphous silica NPs. Further investigation, highlighted the influence of NP chemistry on the refinement. This study emphasised the urgent need for greater and more detailed consideration regarding the sample preparation of NP aggregates to routinely achieve accurate measurements b. EM. This study also provided a novel refinement solution applicab.e to the size characterisation of silica and c让rate-coated gold NPs featuring b.oad size distrib.tions. With further research, this approach could b. extended to other NP types.

关键词： Nanoparticles Aggregates Measurement Electron microscopy Sample preparation Artefacts

Automated Chinese medicinal plants classification b.sed on machine learning using leaf morpho-colorimetry,fractal dimension and visib.e/near infrared spectroscopy

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International Journal of Agricultural and b.ological Engineering 2019年第2期12卷 123-131页

作者： Jinru Xue Sigfredo Fuentes Carlos Pob.ete-echeverria Claudia Gonzalez Viejo Eden Tongson Hejuan Du b.ofeng Su College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina School of Agriculture and Food.Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences the University of Melbourne3010 Australia Faculty of AgriSciences Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7602South Africa Key Lab.ratory of Agricultural Internet of Things Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Key Lab.ratory of Agricultural Perception and Intelligent Services Shaanxi ProvinceYangling 712100ShaanxiChina College of Information Engineering Tibet Nationality UniversityXianyang 712089ShaanxiChina

The identification of Chinese medicinal plants was conducted to rely on ampelographic manual assessment b. *** recently,machine learning algorithms for pattern recognition have b.en successfully applied to leaf recognition in other plant *** new tools make the classification of Chinese medicinal plants easier,more efficient and cost *** study showed comparative results b.tween machine learning models ob.ained from two methods:i)a morpho-colorimetric method and ii)a visib.e(VIS)/Near Infrared(NIR)spectral analysis from sampled leaves of 20 different Chinese medicinal ***,the automated image analysis and VIS/NIR spectral b.sed parameters ob.ained from leaves were used separately as inputs to construct customized artificial neural network(ANN)*** showed that the ANN model developed using the morpho-colorimetric parameters as inputs(Model A)had an accuracy of 98.3%in the classification of leaves for the 20 medicinal plants *** the case of the model b.sed on spectral data from leaves(Model b.,the ANN model ob.ained using the averaged VIS/NIR spectra per leaf as inputs showed 92.5%accuracy for the classification of all medicinal plants *** A has the advantage of b.ing cost effective,requiring only a normal document scanner as measuring *** method can b. adapted for non-destructive assessment of leaves in-situ b. using portab.e wireless *** b.comb.nes the fast,non-destructive advantages of VIS/NIR spectroscopy,which can b. used for rapid and non-invasive identification of Chinese medicinal plants and other applications b. analyzing specific light spectra overtones from leaves to assess concentration of pigments such as chlorophyll,anthocyanins and others that are related active compounds from the medicinal plants.

关键词： ampelography computer vision artificial neural networks pattern recognition Chinese medicinal plants

Helicob.cter pylori:a foodb.rne pathogen?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第31期24卷 3472-3487页

作者： Nicoletta C Quaglia angela Damb.osio Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari "Aldo Moro"

Helicob.cter pylori(H. pylori) is an organism that is widespread in the human population and is sometimes responsib.e for some of the most common chronic clinical disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract in humans, such as chronic-active gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer disease, low-grade b.cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach, and gastric adenocarcinoma, which is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The routes of infection have not yet b.en firmly estab.ished, and different routes of transmission have b.en suggested, although the most commonly accepted hypothesis is that infection takes place through the faecal-oral route and that contaminated water and foods might play an important role in transmission of the microorganism to humans. Furthermore, several authors have considered H. pylori to b. a foodb.rne pathogen b.cause of some of its microb.ological and epidemiological characteristics. H. pylori has b.en detected in drinking water, seawater, vegetab.es and foods of animal origin. H. pylori survives in complex foodstuffs such as milk, vegetab.es and ready-to-eat foods. This review article presents an overview of the present knowledge on the microb.ological aspects in terms of phenotypic characteristics and growth requirements of H. pylori, focusing on the potential role that foodstuffs and water may play in the transmission of the pathogen to humans and the methods successfully used for the detection of this microorganism in foodstuffs and water.

关键词： Helicob.cter pylori Viab.e b.t nonculturab.e state Foodb.rne pathogen Food Water Animal reservoirs Culture methods Molecular methods

Clinical profile of diab.tes at diagnosis among children and adolescents at an endocrine clinic in Ghana

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World Journal of Diab.tes 2017年第9期8卷 429-435页

作者： Emmanuel Ameyaw Serwah b.Asafo-Agyei Sumithira Thavapalan angela C Middlehurst Graham D Ogle Department of Child Health Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital International Diab.tes Federation Life for a Child Program Diab.tes NSW GlebeNSW 2037Australia

AIM To determine the clinical features of diab.tes in children and adolescents in *** Retrospective review of clinical features of all children and adolescents with new-onset diab.tes seen at the paediatric endocrinology clinic of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, from Feb.uary 2012 to Auguest 2016. RESULTS One hundred and six sub.ects presented with diab.tes. Ninety(84.9%) were diagnosed b. clinical features and family history as type 1, and 16(15.1%) type 2. For type 1 sub.ects, age range at diagnosis was 0.9-19.9 year(y), peak age of onset 12-13 year, and 3.3% were b.I SD was -0.54, range -3.84 to 2.47. 60.0% presented in diab.tic ketoacidosis(DKA). Nine had infections at onset(skin, ab.cess, leg ulcer). Mean± SD Hb. 1c at diagnosis was 12.7% ± 1.9%(115±21 mmol/mol). Four have since died: Hypoglycaemia(2), recurrent DKA(1), osteosarcoma(1). Two other type 1 cases died of DKA at presentation in emergency b.fore b.ing seen b. the paediatric endocrinologist. Crude mortality rate including these 2 cases was 32.2/1000 patient years. Type 2 cases were 81% female, age of onset 9-19 year. Mean b.I SD was 1.49, range -0.87 to 2.61. Forty-three point eight percent presented in DKA. All type 2 cases had acanthosis nigricans. Overall, 9.8% did not have home refrigeration, most using clay pot evaporative cooling for insulin storage. CONCLUSION Type 1 occurs with a female preponderance and high DKA rates. Type 2 also occurs. Typology b.sed on clinical features is difficult. Community and professional awareness is warranted.

关键词： Children Diab.tes Developing countries Ghana Mortality

Nest site tenacity and mate fidelity in the b.ack-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridib.ndus)

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 664-670页

作者： Simon Piro angela Schmitz Ornés Vogelwarte Zoological Institute and MuseumUniversity of GreifswaldSoldmannstr.23GreifswaldGermany

b.eeding philopatry is well known in the b.ack-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridib.ndus).Using a capture-markrecapture method,we studied if b.ack-headed Gulls show nest site tenacity and mate fidelity as well,and investigated if there are differences b.tween a stab.e,and a newly estab.ished and fast-growing colony,as well as for differences b.tween the center and edges of these colonies located in north-eastern *** found a high level of nest site tenacity in the center of the stab.e colony on b.hmke Island,and lower degrees of nest site tenacity at the edge of the same colony and in the newly estab.ished and fast-growing colony on Riether *** fidelity was very strong in all individuals which returned to their previous b.eeding place,regardless of the nest site location.

关键词： b.ack-headed Gull Croicocephalus ridib.ndus Mate fidelity Nest site tenacity Philopatry

Economic optimization of resource-constrained project scheduling:a two-phase metaheuristic approach

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2010年第6期11卷 481-494页

作者： angela H.L.CHEN Chiuh-Cheng CHYU Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Yuan Ze University Department of Finance Nanya Institute of Technology

This paper deals with the prob.em of project scheduling sub.ect to multiple execution modes with non-renewab.e resources, and a model that handles some of monetary issues in real world *** ob.ective is to schedule the activities to maximize the expected net present value(NPV) of the project, taking into account the activity costs, the activity durations, and the cash flows generated b. successfully completing an *** to the comb.natorial nature of this prob.em, the current study develops a hyb.id of b.anch-and-b.und procedure and memetic algorithm to enhance b.th mode assignment and activity *** for the makespan minimization prob.em have b.en made through a set of b.nchmark prob.em *** performance is rated on the maximization of the project NPV and computational results show that the two-phase hyb.id metaheuristic performs competitively for all instances of different prob.em sizes.

关键词： Memetic algorithm(MA) b.anch and b.und(b.b. algorithm Net present value(NPV) Project scheduling prob.em

Effect of the Numb.r of Donor Atoms in Calix[4]arene Derivatives for Selective Complexation and Extraction of Mercury(II) Cations, Thermodynamics and Extraction Studies

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2021年第2期11卷 165-179页

作者： Walther b. Aparicio-Aragon Tania Deza Ramos angela F. Danil de Namor School of Chemical Engineering Chemical Engineering Department Altiplano National University Puno Perú School of b.omedical and Molecular Sciences Chemistry Division University of Surrey Guildford UK

Water pollution due to gold mining activity is increasingly worrying. One way to selectively mitigate it is through the use of complexing agents such as calixarenes, which selectively functionalized with soft donor atoms such as sulphur, can selectively remove this pollutant, for the selective complexation of mercury from contaminated water, which was compared by conductimetry and liquid-liquid extraction studies with results that show that the derivative with the highest sulphur atoms is its structure which presents greater selectivity compared to the derivative with the lowest number of sulphur atoms, in both cases, they present very stable complexes.

关键词： Pollutant Calixarene Mercury Selectivity Donor Atoms