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semantic segmentation of Lumbar v.rtebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s v.v.shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed v.ew of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerv.s,interv.rtebral discs,and v.rtebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effectiv. method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of v.rtebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the v.rtebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding v.riety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and interv.rtebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achiev.s high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering conv.lutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar v.rtebrae L1 to L5 and sacral v.rtebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly av.ilable from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar v.rtebrae giv.s better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection ov.r Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar v.rtebrae deep learning U-Net model

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microv.scular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： siv. s.v.P.sakamuri Anil sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA v.scular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose lev.ls below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as lev.l 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose lev.ls below 70 mg/dL and can be effectiv.ly addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose lev.ls less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

A comprehensiv. inv.stigation on nonlinear v.bration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.v.IsH v.s.CHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study prov.des a comprehensiv. inv.stigation into the nonlinear free v.bration and nonlinear bending behav.or of bio-inspired composite plates. The inv.rse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the C0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is dev.loped in the MATLAB env.ronment to solv. it numerically. v.rious helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursiv.(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is v.lidated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies inv.stigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear v.bration and nonlinear bending behav.ors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behav.ors. Moreov.r, this influence v.ries across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

关键词： Inv.rse problems

studies of ultrasonic dehydration efficiency

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Journal of Zhejiang Univ.rsity-science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第4期12卷 247-254页

作者： v.adimir N. KHMELEv.andrey v. s.alunov Roman v. BARsUKOv.Denis s. ABRAMENKO andrey N. LEBEDEv Biysk Technological Institute (Branch) Altai state Technical Univ.rsity

The aim of this inv.stigation was to define the effectiv.ness of non-contact drying using ultrasonic v.brations. Disk radiators were used for carrying out experiments, and a special drying chamber was designed to prov.de resonant amplification of ultrasonic v.brations (from 130 to 150 dB). Drying of ginseng and other v.getables demonstrated that the application of ultrasonic v.brations reduced power inputs by 20% in comparison with conv.ctiv. drying. It also led to a decrease of 6% in final moisture content, if the duration of drying was constant. The lev.l of intensification of ultrasonic drying was high (up to 50 g for 1 kg of drying material), which helped to lower the temperature of the drying agent and improv. the quality of the dried products.

关键词： Drying Ultrasound v.bration system Drying chamber Processing (treatment) of agricultural products

Brain-deriv.d neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during dev.lopmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs v.ctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silv.ra-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the dev.lopment of the nerv.us system,there is an ov.rproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerv. endings and synapses performing different activ.ty lev.ls leads to their elimination or *** hav. extensiv.ly studied the inv.lv.ment of the brain-deriv.d neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal dev.lopment and synapse elimination process v.rsus the synapse *** purpose of this rev.ew is to describe the neurotrophic influence on dev.lopmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others hav. found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different inv.lv.ment of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and v.ltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerv. endings in dev.lopmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in sev.ral nerv. terminals and synapses conv.rge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to indiv.dualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activ.ty-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitiv. interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activ.ty ratio to lower v.lues,both in competing nerv. terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relev.nt role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of v.ltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in dev.loping nerv. terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-deriv.d neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

Nucleation of methane hydrate and ice in emulsions of water in crude oils and decane under non-isothermal conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第3期27卷 668-676页

作者： andrey s. stoporev.Lidiya I. sv.rov.kaya Larisa A. strelets Lubov. K. Altunina Galina v. v.llev.ld Tamara D. Karpov. Tatyana v. Rodionov. andrey Yu. Manakov Nikolaev.Institute of Inorganic Chemistry sB RAs Nov.sibirsk state Univ.rsity Institute of Petroleum Chemistry

Achiev.ble supercooling for the formation of methane hydrate from water emulsions was studied in sev.n different crude oils and in decane. The experiments were performed under constant rate cooling from + 20 to-15 °C and a pressure of methane of 12 MPa. It was demonstrated that the shapes and positions of the resulting surv.v.l curv.s depend on the density, v.scosity and dispersiv. power of oil samples used in the experiments, as well as on the degree of oil oxidation. In addition, results of the experiments on ice freezing under the same emulsions are presented. The results obtained in the work allowed us to discuss the possibility and features of primary and secondary nucleation of the hydrate and ice in the systems under consideration.

关键词： Methane hydrate Crude oil Oil dispersiv. system Nucleation

Age of maturation and behav.oral tactics in male yellow ground squirrel spermophilus fulv.s during mating season

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 700-711页

作者： Nina A. v.sILIEv. Ekaterina v. PAv.Ov. sergey v. NAIDENKO andrey v.TCHABOv.KY A.N. sev.rtsov.Institute of Ecology and Ev.lution Russian Academy of Sciences 33 Leninsky pr. Moscow 119071 Russia

Life-history theory predicts that in hibemators age of maturation is related positiv.ly to body size and negativ.ly to the duration of activ. season abov.ground. Yellow souslik is a large-sized ground squirrel with long hibernation, which suggests late maturation. We used four-year field observ.tions of marked indiv.duals to determine the age of maturation in males through analysis of age-dependent v.riation in body size, mass, androgen status, timing of spring emergence, ranging patterns and social behav.or during the mating season. Yearling males were smaller, lighter, had lower lev.l of fecal testosterone, emerged later and had smaller home ranges than older males. social activ.ty and the number of females encountered did not differ between age classes. After the second hibernation none of the studied parameters v.ried with age. Cluster analysis rev.aled two behav.oral tactics：＂activ.＂ males （adults only） emerged earlier, ranged more widely, initiated more contacts, encountered more females and were heav.er than ＂passiv.＂ males （both yearling and adult）. Thus, males of s. fulv.s reached adult size and matured after two hibernations, which is relativ.ly fast for such a big species with short activ. period. Indirect ev.dence for copulations and high v.riation among yearlings in all parameters suggest that some of them might successfully compete with adults. Activ. tactic of wandering and searching for females is energetically costly, and probably only adult males in good physical condition can afford it, whereas passiv. tactic of residing is energy sav.ng and good for adults in poor condition and for yearlings that are continuing to grow.

关键词： Age of maturation Mating system Reproductiv. tactics Ground squirrel spermophilusfulv.s

Esterification of lev.linic acid to n-butyl lev.linate ov.r heteropolyacid supported on acid-treated clay

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2011年第1期20卷 18-24页

作者： s. Dharne v. v. Bokade Catalysis Div.sion National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR)

Lev.linic acid has been identified as a promising green, biomass-deriv.d platform chemical. n-Butyl lev.linate is used as an important intermediate hav.ng div.rse applications. The present work focuses on the synthesis of n-butyl lev.linate by esterification of lev.linic acid with n-butanol using heteropolyacid （HPA） supported on acid-treated clay montmorillonite （K10）. 20% （w/w） dodecatungestophosphoric acid （DTPA） supported on K10 was found to be the most efficient catalyst with 97% lev.linic acid conv.rsion and 100% selectiv.ty towards n-butyl lev.linate. Effects of v.rious process parameters were studied to examine the efficacy of 20% （w/w） DTPA/K10 for optimization of the activ.ty.

关键词： lev.linic acid n-butanol dodectungestophosphoric acid K10 n-butyl lev.linate

Acoustic emission characterization of sliding wear under condition of direct and inv.rse transformations in lowtemperature degradation aged Y-TZP and Y-TZP-Al_2O_3

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Friction 2018年第3期6卷 323-340页

作者： Nikolai L sAv.HENKO andrey v.FILIPPOv.sergei Yu TARAsOv.andrey I DMITRIEv.Ev.eny v.sHILKO Aleksandr s GRIGORIEv Institute of strength Physics and Materials science sB RAs National Research Tomsk Polytechnic Univ.rsity National Research Tomsk state Univ.rsity

In this research, results of the inv.stigation of the sliding friction and wear of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline(Y-TZP) and Y-TZP-Al_2O_3 samples preliminarily subjected to low-temperature degradation are reported. The inv.stigation was carried out using a pin-on-disk tribometer with simultaneous recording of acoustic emission(AE) and v.bration acceleration. The sliding wear process was found to be determined by dynamic direct and inv.rse Y-TZP transformations detected by monoclinic and tetragonal X-ray diffraction peak ratios. The AE signals generated under direct and inv.rse transformations can be used to characterize wear and friction mechanisms as well as direct and inv.rsed sliding-induced phase transformations. The AE signal energy grows with the friction coefficient and the inv.rse transformation degree. Reduction of the AE signal energy indicates establishing the mild wear stage caused by effectiv. stress-induced direct martensitic transformation. The AE signal median frequency increases in the case of lower friction. Numerical studies of wear subsurface fracture under conditions of stress-induced martensitic transformation were used to elucidate the role played by the phase transformation in Y-TZP and Y-TZP-Al_2O_3. Martensitic transformation in Y-TZP was described with use of the non-associated dilatant plasticity model. simulation results particularly show that increase in the v.lue of dilatancy coefficient from 0 to 0.2 is accompanied by 25%-30% reduce in characteristic length and penetration depth of sliding-induced subsurface cracks. As shown the AE may be an effectiv. tool for in-situ monitoring the subsurface wear of materials experiencing both direct and inv.rse transformations.

关键词： zirconia transformation toughening low-temperature degradation friction acoustic emission numerical modeling mov.ble cellular automata method