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Two New Species of Eretmophyllum(Ginkgoales)from the Jurassic of Eastern Siberia

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第4期97卷 1014-1025页

作者： andrey frolov Irina MASHCHUK Institute of the Earth's Crust Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesIrkutsk 664033Russia

Two new species of Eretmophyllum Thomas are described from the lower(Toarcian)and upper(Aalenian)Prisayan Formation of the Irkutsk Basin,Eastern Siberia,Russia based on distinct morphological and cuticular features of the leaves that distinguish them from other species of the *** polypapillosum *** characterized by the presence of 2-3 papillae on the lower and upper epidermis of ordinary ***,the leaf burials of *** *** that it preferred mesophilic forests developed on river terraces and/or low *** yershowskiensis *** represented exclusively by leaf cuticles extracted by coal maceration,and it probably inhabited the low banks of peat *** presence of the genus Eretmophyllum in the Early Jurassic of France and Eastern Siberia shows that it was already widespread in the territory of Eurasia,distributed from Western Europe to Eastern *** indicates the possible existence of Eretmophyllum species elsewhere in the Early Jurassic such as Central Asia and Northwest China.

关键词： paleobotany ginkgoalean taxonomy paleophytogeography paleoecology leaf cuticles Irkutsk Coal Basin

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Monocotyledon-like Leaves from the Middle Jurassic of East Siberia(Russia)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第6期96卷 1884-1896页

作者： andrey frolov Ilya ENUSHCHENKO Institute of the Earth’s Crust Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesIrkutsk 664033Russia Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesIrkutsk 664033Russia

Leaf fragments of Herbifolia antiqua *** et Enushchenko *** *** the Middle Jurassic(Aalenian)of the Irkutsk Coal Basin(Eastern Siberia,Russia)are *** following features are characteristic of *** *** ***.:the presence of leaf sheaths,linear smooth-edged leaves with parallel venation,anastomoses between the veins,anomocytic stomata,rhomb-shaped ordinary epidermal *** a combination of characters is widespread in modern monocotyledonous plants and is absent in fossil and modern cryptogam and *** to the lack of evidence of an enclosed ovule in *** *** ***.,we attribute it to a typological angiosperm,based on its unique leaf structure characteristic of *** leaf epidermal structure of Herbifolia *** most similar to those of modern Asparagales and Liliales.

关键词： monocotyledons leaf epidermis new taxa Jurassic angiosperm Irkutsk Coal Basin

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Early Jurassic Climate Warming in Eastern Siberia: First Macrofloristic Evidence from Irkutsk Basin, Russia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 1035-1050页

作者： andrey frolov Irina MASHCHUK Institute of the Earth's Crust Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesIrkutsk664033Russia

Numerous new records of Ferganiella, Podozamites, and Schidolepium, including a new species, Ferganiella ivantsovii sp. nov., are described from the Early Jurassic(Toarcian) Middle Subformation of the Prisayan Formation from the Euro-Sinian paleofloristic region in the Irkutsk Basin, Eastern Siberia, Russia. An analysis of the paleogeographic distribution of Ferganiella and Podozamites shows that both genera were the most diverse and numerous in the East Asian province of the Euro-Sinian region and in the Northern Chinese province of the Siberian region during the Early and Middle Jurassic. These phytochoria were located in the subtropical and temperate subtropical climate zones, which allows us to consider Ferganiella and Podozamites as thermophilic plants, which are important indicators of the Early Toarcian climatic optimum. Their abundance in the Irkutsk Basin thus may indicate Early Toarcian warming;further abundant Schidolepium cones, which produced Araucariacites pollen, typical for Euro-Sinian flora complement the scenario. Thus, the new finds are the first macrofloristic indicators of the Toarcian climatic optimum in the Irkutsk Basin.

关键词： paleobotany Ferganiella Podozamites Schidolepium Toarcian climatic optimum paleobiogeography Siberian paleofloristic region Irkutsk

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Mixed Cerebrovascular and Alzheimer’s Type Pathology Mimicking Lewy Body Disease and Its Possible Contribution to Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients with Bipolar Disorder/Schizophrenia

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第3期12卷 88-99页

作者： andrey frolov Lokesh Coomar Miguel A. Guzman John R. Martin III Center for Anatomical Science and Education Department of Surgery Saint Louis University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO USA Departments of Pathology and Neurology Saint Louis University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO USA

The fast aging human population requires new approaches to reliable diagnosis and proper treatment of dementia in elderly patients with psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). As compared to other psychiatric disorders, BD and SCZ are characterized by increased and similar risk for dementia as well as cerebrovascular (CVD) and Parkinson’s (PD) diseases independent of the patient’s age. There are reports in the literature suggesting BD and SCZ in older patients could cause dementia without contribution from the neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), due to the absence of the known neuropathology associated with cognitive decline in such individuals. This view contradicts a plethora of data highlighting AD as a major cause of dementia in the elderly. This issue was addressed by examining postmortem cerebral pathology in an 83-year-old female diagnosed with BD, SCZ, and PD (D1) and comparing it to that of a second donor (D2), an age-matched male diagnosed with Lewy Body Dementia (LBD). Upon thorough histochemical and immunohistochemical examinations of both brains, the PD and LBD diagnoses in D1 and D2 were not confirmed. Instead, AD-related pathology was observed in both subjects with AD advancing to its clinical stage (mild to moderate) only in D1. Diffuse β-amyloid peptide 1-42 (Aβ1-42) staining, most likely reflecting a presence of the Aβ1-42 soluble form, was also detected in cerebellar neurons and cerebellar extracellular space in D1 and D2. Cerebrovascular pathology was pronounced and distinct in both brains and included amyloid angiopathy, hyaline atherosclerosis, microbleeds, and dilated Virchow Robin spaces in D1 as well as thick-walled blood vessels with microbleeds in D2. It was concluded that a mixed AD and cerebrovascular pathology could mimic Lewy Body Disease and potentially contribute to dementia development in elderly BD and SCZ patients.

关键词： Bipolar Disorder Schizophrenia Alzheimer’s Disease Cerebrovascular Disease Neuropathology

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A Rare Case of 83-Year-Old Transgender Female: Can Thyroid Hormone Deficiency Be Involved in Transgenderism and Gender Dysphoria?

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2020年第2期10卷 23-40页

作者： andrey frolov Lauren Polcaro Craig Lawson Yun Tan John R. Martin III Center for Anatomical Science and Education Department of Surgery School of Medicine Saint Louis University Saint Louis Missouri USA

In the current report, we describe an 83-year-old biological male who self- identified as a female by legally changing his first and middle names to female ones and whose death certificate states his sex as a female. The medical history of this individual indicated complete penectomy without further specification. Postmortem physical examination revealed an absence of penis with a large scrotum, transposed urethral orifice, and small testes. The histological analysis of the testes identified abnormal epithelium in the seminiferous tubules that lacked germ and Sertoli cells as well as the interstitium without Leydig cells present. The exome sequencing of the individual’s DNA using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Illumina platform revealed no genetic variants associated with either penile or urethral cancer that could have explained the complete penectomy, but pointed toward a potentially impaired production of T3 and T4 thyroid hormones which could account for the observed testicular malformation. Overall, the data obtained raise an important question as to whether the thyroid hormone axis could be an important part of the hormonal architecture supporting male sexual behavior.

关键词： Transgenderism Gender Dysphoria Next Generation Sequencing Thyroid Peroxidase Cilia

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