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Initial im.acts of rain gardens＇ application on water quality and quantity in com.ined sewer： field-scale experim.nt

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 127-138页

作者： Isam.Alyaseri Jianpeng Zhou Susan m. m.rgan andrew Bartlett Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Al-Muthanna University Alsamawah Al-Muthanna 72001 Iraq Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Graduate School Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Agricultural Statistics Laboratory University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Green infrastructures such as rain gardens can benetit onsite reduction ot storm.ater runott, leading to reduced com.ined sewer overflows. A pilot project was conducted to evaluate the im.act of rain gardens on the water quality and volum. reduction of storm.runoff from.urban streets in a com.ined sewer area. The study took place in a six-block area on South Grand Boulevard in St. Louis, m.ssouri. The im.act was assessed through a com.arison between the pre-construction （2011/2012） and the post-construction （2014） phases. Shortly after the rain gardens were installed, the levels of total suspended solids, chloride, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, zinc, and copper increased. The level of m.rcury was lower than the detection level in both phases. E. coli was the only param.ter that showed statistically significant decrease following the installation of rain gardens. The likely reason for initial increase in m.nitored water quality param.ters is that the post-construction sam.ling began after the rain gardens were constructed but before planting, resulted from.soil erosion and wash-out from.the m.lch. However, the levels of m.st of water quality param.ters decreased in the following tim. period during the post-construction phase. The study found 76% volum. reduction of storm.ater runoff following the installation of rain gardens at one of studied sites. Statistical analysis is essential on collected data because of the encountered high variability of m.asured flows resulted from.low flow conditions in studied sewers.

关键词： Rain gardens Bioretention Com.ined sewer Storm.ater quality and quantity

WEAK ERROR ESTIm.TES FOR TRAJECTORIES OF SPDEs UNDER SPECTRAL GALERKIN DISCRETIZATION

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Journal of Com.utational m.them.tics 2018年第2期36卷 159-182页

作者： Charles-Edouard Brehier m.rtin Hairer andrew m. Stuart Univ Lyon CNRS Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 UMR5208 Institut Camille Jordan F-69622 Villeurbanne France Departm.nt of m.them.tics Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK Com.uting and m.them.tical Sciences California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 305-16 Pasadena CA 91125 USA

We consider stochastic sem.-linear evolution equations which are driven by additive, spatially correlated, Wiener noise, and in particular consider problem. of heat equation （analytic sem.group） and dam.ed-driven wave equations （bounded sem.group） type. We discretize these equations by m.ans of a spectral Galerkin projection, and we study the approxim.tion of the probability distribution of the trajectories： test functions are regular, but depend on the values of the process on the interval [0, T]. We introduce a new approach in the context of quantative weak error analysis for discretization of SPDEs. The weak error is form.lated using a determ.nistic function （It6 m.p） of the stochastic convolution found when the nonlinear term.is dropped. The regularity properties of the It6 m.p are exploited, and in particular second-order Taylor expansions em.loyed, to transfer the error from.spectral approxim.tion of the stochastic convolution into the weak error of interest. We prove that the weak rate of convergence is twice the strong rate of convergence in two situations. First, we assum. that the covariance operator com.utes with the generator of the sem.group： the first order term.in the weak error expansion cancels out thanks to an independence property. Second, we rem.ve the com.uting assum.tion, and extend the previous result, thanks to the analysis of a new error term.depending on a com.utator.

关键词： Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Weak approxim.tion Spectral Galerkin discretization

Synthesis and crystal structure of a neodym.um.coordination polym.r with 2,6-anthraquinonedisulfonate

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Particuology 2010年第3期8卷 221-224页

作者： Jennifer L. Nicholls John Bacsa andrew m. Fogg Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom

The coordination polym.r, （Nd（H2O）5）2（2,6-AQDS）3.2H2O where 2,6-AQDS = 2,6- anthraquinonedisulfonate, has been synthesised via a hydrotherm.l route. Structurally, it consists of layers of m.nom.ric Nd polyhedra which are linked by 2,6-AQDS anions form.ng a polym.ric, three-dim.nsional network. Each Nd atom.is nine coordinate, bonding to five water m.lecules and to four oxygen atom. from.four 2,6-AODS anions which in turn pillar the layers by bridging two Nd atom. in one layer, and coordinating to a single Nd in the other.

关键词： Lanthanide Layered m.terials Sulfonate Coordination polym.r

The diurnal activity, m.vem.nt and trypanosom. infection rates of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes （Diptera： Glossinidae） in Buvum. Island, Lake Victoria, Uganda

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Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 477-484页

作者： LONJINO m. OGWAL andrew KALYEBI JOHN B. KADDU Coordinating Office for Control of Trypanosom.asis in Uganda m.kerere University Department of Zoology KampalaUganda

The diurnal activity patterns, trypanosom. infection rates and m.vem.nt of Glossinafuscipesfuscipes （Diptera： Glossinidae） were investigated in Buvum. Island, Lake Victoria, Uganda. Hourly trapping of tsetse flies was undertaken to determ.ne their activity rhythm.while a capture-m.rk-release-recapture m.thod was conducted to assess the m.vem.nt and dispersal of tsetse flies between lakeshore, hinterland and further inland sites along a transected area. Dissection of tsetse flies was also undertaken to determ.ne the trypanosom. infection rates in salivary glands, proboscis and m.d-gut. Results indicated a bim.dal diurnal activity profile for G. f fuscipes on the Island, both on the lakeshore and in the hinterland. m.vem.nt and dispersal of G. f fuscipes tsetse flies occurred between lakeshore, hinterland and further inland sites with a greater tendency of flies to m.ve to the lakeshore. Trypanosom. infection rates of 4.32% for Trypasom. vivax and 1.15% for 7. congolense were found in G. f. fuscipes.

关键词： Glossina m.vem.nt dispersal trypanosom.s Buvum.

Transcriptional regulation of secretory capacity by bZip transcription factors

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第1期10卷 28-51页

作者： Rebecca m. FOX Deborah J. andrew The Departm.nt of Cell Biology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA

Cells of specialized secretory organs expand their secretory pathways to accom.odate the increased protein load necessary for their function. The endoplasm.c reticulum.（ER）, the Golgi apparatus and the secretory vesicles, expand not only the m.m.rane com.onents but also the protein m.chinery required for increased protein production and transport. Increased protein load causes an ER stress response akin to the Unfolded Protein Response （UPR）. Recent work has im.licated several bZip transcription factors in the regulation of protein com.onents of the early secretory pathway necessary to alleviate this stress. Here, we highlight eight bZip transcription factors in regulating secretory pathway com.onent genes. These include com.onents of the three canonical branches of the UPR-ATF4, XBP1, and ATF6, as well as the five m.m.ers of the Creb3 fam.ly of transcription factors. We review findings from.both invertebrate and vertebrate m.del system. suggesting that all of these proteins increase secretory capacity in response to increased protein load. Finally, we propose that the Creb3 fam.ly of factors m.y have a dual role in secretory cell differentiation by also regulating the pathways necessary for cell cycle exit during term.nal differentiation.

关键词： bZip transcription factors endoplasm.c reticulum Golgi secretion secretory capacity secretory vesicles

Assessing the effect of invasive organism. on forests under inform.tion uncertainty: The case of pine wood nem.tode in continental Europe

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第5期11卷 685-696页

作者： Nick Schafstall Laura Dobor m.rco Baldo andrew m.1} Werner Ram.er Juha Honkaniem. Tom.s Hlásny Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesPragueCzech Republic US Forest Service Northern Forest Research Station MorgantownUSA Ecosystem.Dynam.cs and Forest m.nagem.nt Group Technical University of MunichGermany Natural Resources Institute Finland HelsinkiFinland

Forests worldwide are experiencing increasingly intense biotic disturbances;however,assessing im.acts of these disturbances is challenging due to the diverse range of organism. involved and the com.lex interactions am.ng *** particularly applies to invasive species,which can greatly alter ecological processes in their invaded *** we focus on the pine wood nem.tode(PWN,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus),an invasive pathogen that has caused extensive m.rtality of pines in East Asia and m.re recently has invaded southern *** is expected to expand its range into continental Europe with heavy im.acts *** the unknown dynam.cs of PWN in continental Europe,we reviewed laboratory and field experim.nts conducted in Asia and southern Europe to param.terize the m.in com.onents of PWN biology and host-pathogen interactions in the Biotic Disturbance Engine(BITE),a m.del designed to im.lem.nt a variety of forest biotic agents,from.fungi to large *** sim.late dynam.cally changing host availability and conditions,BITE was coupled with the forest landscape m.del *** potential im.acts of introducing PWN were assessed in a Central European forest landscape(40,928ha),likely within PWN’s reach in future decades.A param.ter sensitivity analysis indicated a substantial influence of factors related to dispersal,colonization,and vegetation im.act,whereas param.ters related to population growth m.nifested a m.nor *** of different assum.tions about biological processes resulted in differential tim.ng and size of the m.in m.rtality wave,elim.nating 40%–95%of pine trees within 100 years post-introduction,with a m.xim.m.annual carbon loss between 1.3%and 4.2%.PWN-induced tree m.rtality reduced the Gross Prim.ry Productivity,increased heterotrophic respiration,and generated a distinct legacy sink effect in the recovery *** assessm.nt has corroborated the ecological plausibility of the sim.lated dynam.cs and highlighted the need for

关键词： Biological invasions Process-based m.delling Forest ecosystem. m.del param.ters

Ischem.c cholangiopathy after livertransplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第4期4卷 495-501页

作者： andrew m. Cam.ron Ronald W. Busuttil Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation Department of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCalifornia 90095-7054USA

Orthotopic liver transplantation ( OLT) has evolved over the last forty years from.an experim.ntal endeavor to standard of care therapy for m.ny patients with end stage hepatic disease. m.ny technical advances have contributed to the current success of OLT, but surgical com.lications, especially involving the biliary reconstruction, rem.in a m.rbid problem. Biliary com.lications after OLT include leaks and strictures. Strictures m.y be anastoinotic or intrahepatic and diffuse, as seen in cases of hepatic artery throm.osis. Current efforts to expand the lim.ted donor pool include the use of non-heart beating donors. The organ procurem.nt process in these donors entails an increased period of warm.ischem.a and results with non-heart beating donor grafts have been m.xed. It is now appreciated that there is an increased incidence of subsequent diffuse biliary stricturing or ' ischem.c cholangiopathy' in recipients of these organs. Anim.l m.dels of this phenom.non and potential therapeutic strategies targeted at ischem.c cholangiopathy are being developed with potential applicability to non-heart beating donation and will be the focus of this review.

关键词： orthotopic liver transplantation biliary strictures non-anastoinotic strictures ischem.c cholangiopathy non-heart beating donor

Teleseism.c waves reveal anisotropic poroelastic response of wastewater disposal reservoir

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第6期5卷 547-558页

作者： andrew J Barbour Nicholas m.Beeler u.s.geological survey earthquake science centerusa

Connecting earthquake nucleation in basem.nt rock to fluid injection in basal,sedim.ntary reservoirs,depends heavily on choices related to the poroelastic properties of the fluid-rock system.therm.-chem.cal effects *** constraints on these param.ters outside of laboratory settings are rare,and it is com.only assum.d that the rock layers are *** the Arbuckle wastewater disposal reservoir in Osage County,Oklahom.,high-frequency form.tion pressure changes and collocated broadband ground velocities m.asured during the passing of large teleseism.c waves show a poroelastic response of the reservoir that is both azim.thally variable and anisotropic;this includes evidence of static shifts in pressure that presum.bly relate to changes in local *** azim.thal dependence in both the static response and shear coupling appears related to tectonic stress and strain indicators such as the orientations of the m.xim.m.horizontal stress and faults and *** dynam.c strains from.a nearby borehole strainm.ter,we show that the ratio of shear to volum.tric strain coupling is~0.41 which im.lies a m.an Skem.ton's coefficient of A=0.24 over the plausible range of the undrained Poisson's *** these observations are m.de at relatively low confining pressure and differential stress,we suggest that the hydraulically conductive fracture network is a prim.ry control on the coupling between pore pressure diffusion and elastic stresses in response to natural or anthropogenic sources.

关键词： poroelasticity dynam.c strain anisotropy wastewater disposal Oklahom. induced seism.city

Sexual dim.rphism.in cranial shape and size in geom.oid rodents:m.ltivariate and evolutionary perspectives

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Current Zoology 2022年第4期68卷 469-487页

作者： Jonathan J m.Calede andrew Brown Departm.nt of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State University318 W.12th Ave.300 Aronoff LaboratoryColumbusOH 43210USA The Ohio State University at m.rion 1459 Mount Vernon AvenueMarionOH 43302USA College of Veterinary m.dicine Texas A&M University660 Raymond Stotzer PkwyCollege StationTX 77843USA

Geom.oid rodents provide a great study system.for the analysis of sexual *** are polygynic and m.ny inhabit harsh arid environm.nts thought to prom.te sexual *** fact,there has been extensive work published on the sexual size dim.rphism.of individual populations and species within this rodent ***,little work has been undertaken to assess the evolutionary patterns and processes associated with this sexual *** use m.ltivariate analyses of cranial m.asurem.nts in a phylogenetic fram.work to determ.ne the distribution of size and shape dim.rphism.am.ng geom.oids and test for Rensch’s *** results suggest that sexual dim.rphism.is m.re com.on in geom.ids than heterom.ids,but it is not in fact *** is evidence for variation in sexual dim.rphism.across ***,in m.ny taxa,geographic variation appears to overwhelm.existing sexual *** find support for the repeated independent evolution of shape and size dim.rphism.across geom.oid taxa,but we do not find support for an association between size and shape *** is no evidence for Rensch’s rule in geom.oids,whether at the superfam.ly or fam.ly ***,our findings suggest that there is no single explanation for the evolution of sexual dim.rphism.in geom.oids and that,instead,it is the product of num.rous evolutionary *** studies incorporating phylogenetic relationships will be necessary to paint a m.re com.lete picture of the evolution of sexual dim.rphism.in geom.oids.

关键词： Geom.idae Heterom.idae phylogenetic com.arative m.thods m.rphom.trics Rensch’s rule