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record Low Sea-Ice Concentration in the Central Arctic during Summer 2010

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第1期35卷 106-115页

作者： JinpingZHAO David barber Shugang ZHANG Qinghua YANG Xiaoyu WANG Hongjie XIE Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Centre for Earth Observation Science Faculty of Environment Earth and ResourcesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 2N2Canada National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center ChinaBeijing100081China Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas 78284U.S.A.

The Arctic sea-ice extent has shown a declining trend over the past 30 years. Ice coverage reached historic minima in 2007 and again in 2012. This trend has recently been assessed to be unique over at least the last 1450 years. In the summer of 2010, a very low sea-ice concentration(SIC) appeared at high Arctic latitudes—even lower than that of surrounding pack ice at lower latitudes. This striking low ice concentration—referred to here as a record low ice concentration in the central Arctic(CArLIC)—is unique in our analysis period of 2003–15, and has not been previously reported in the literature. The CArLIC was not the result of ice melt, because sea ice was still quite thick based on in-situ ice thickness ***, divergent ice drift appears to have been responsible for the CArLIC. A high correlation between SIC and wind stress curl suggests that the sea ice drift during the summer of 2010 responded strongly to the regional wind forcing. The drift trajectories of ice buoys exhibited a transpolar drift in the Atlantic sector and an eastward drift in the Pacific sector,which appeared to benefit the CArLIC in 2010. Under these conditions, more solar energy can penetrate into the open water,increasing melt through increased heat flux to the ocean. We speculate that this divergence of sea ice could occur more often in the coming decades, and impact on hemispheric SIC and feed back to the climate.

关键词： sea ice concentration central Arctic Beaufort Gyre Transpolar Drift ice motion divergence

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retransplantation for graft failure in chronic hepatitis C infection: A good use of a scarce resource?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5070-5076页

作者： Ian A rowe Kerri M barber rhiannon Birch Elinor Curnow James M Neuberger Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital NHS Blood and Transplant

AIM: To investigate the outcome of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection undergoing liver retransplantation. METHODS: Using the UK National registry, patients undergoing liver transplantation for HCV-related liver disease were identified. Data on patient and graft characteristics, as well as transplant and graft survival were collected to determine the outcome of HCV patients undergoing retransplantation and in order to identify factors associated with transplant survival. rESULTS: Between March 1994 and December 2007, 944 adult patients were transplanted for HCV-related liver disease. At the end of follow-up, 617 of these patients were alive. In total, 194 (21%) patients had first graft failure and of these, 80 underwent liver retransplantation, including 34 patients where the first graft failed due to recurrent disease. For those transplanted for HCV-related disease, the 5-year graft survival in those retransplanted for recurrent HCV was 45% [95% confidence interval (CI): 24%-64%] compared with 80% (95% CI: 62%-90%) for those retransplanted for other indications (P = 0.01, log-rank test); the 5-year transplant survival after retransplantation was 43% (95% CI: 23%-62%) and 46% (95% CI: 31%-60%), respectively (P = 0.8, log-rank test). In univariate analysis of all patients retransplanted, no factor analyzed was significantly associated with transplant survival. CONCLUSION: Outcomes for retransplantation in patients with HCV infection approach agreed criteria for minimum transplant benefit. These data support selective liver retransplantation in patients with HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver recurrence retransplantation Outcome

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Symptomatology of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease during the menstrual cycle

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Gastroenterology report 2015年第3期3卷 185-193页

作者： Shishira Bharadwaj Matthew D.barber Lesley A.Graff Bo Shen Departments of Gastroenterology/Hepatology the Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA Department of Clinical Health Psychology University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada

Gender-related physiological variations in gastrointestinal(GI)symptomatology have been observed in women of reproductive *** women experience cyclical changes in GI symptomatology during their menstrual cycle,particularly alteration in their bowel *** studies of healthy women during the menstrual cycle showed a prolonged GI transit time during the luteal phase,either in the oro-cecumroute or in the *** GI symptoms,such as abdominal pain,bloating or diarrhea are observed in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)during *** may be due to elevated prostaglandin levels during menses,with an enhanced perception of viscera-somatic stimuli resulting in nausea,abdominal distension and *** patients with IBS or IBD demonstrate a cyclical pattern more closely related to their bowel habits than healthy *** with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)also have exacerbated symptoms during menses;however,it is unclear whether this relates to physiological variation or disease exacerbation in IBS or *** examining the association of the menstrual cycle and GI symptomatology in patients with IBS or IBD,have not yet clarified the underlying *** medications—such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral contraceptive pills used for dysmenorrhea and menstrual migraine in those patients have not well been controlled for in the previous studies,which can contribute to further *** changes in GI symptomatology during the menstrual cycle may help to determine the true extent of disease exacerbation and proper management strategy.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease irritable bowel syndrome menstrual cycle symptomatology

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A mechanochemical two for one:Mechanical activation of norborn-2-en-7-one releases carbon monoxide and switches on aggregation-induced emission

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Aggregate 2022年第2期3卷 1-2页

作者： ross W.barber Maxwell J.robb Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCaliforniaUSA

Mechanical forces are typically considered to be destructive in polymeric materials,leading to degradation via nonspecific chain ***,the emergence of the mechanophore hypothesis has enabled the design of polymers that... 详细信息

关键词： mechanophore polymer mechanochemistry molecular release

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Effect of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on pulmonary gas exchange in patients with portal hypertension and hepatopulmonary syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第43期11卷 6858-6862页

作者： Graciela Martínez-Pallí Britt B Drake Joan-Carles García-Pagán Joan-Albert barberà Miguel r Arguedas robert rodriguez-roisin Jaume Bosch Michael B Fallon Servei d'Anestesiologia i reanimació. Hospital Clínic University of Alabama at Birmingham Liver Center Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory Servei de Pneumologia i Al.lèrgia respiratòria

AIM: To assess the impact of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) on pulmonary gas exchange and to evaluate the use of TIPS for the treatment of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).METHODS: Seven patients, three of them with advanced HPS, in whom detailed pulmonary function tests were performed before and after TIPS placementat the University of Alabama Hospital and at the Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, were ***: TIPS patency was confirmed by hemodynamic evaluation. No changes in arterial blood gases were observed in the overall subset of patients. Transient arterial oxygenation improvement was observed in only one HPS patient, early after TIPS, but this was not sustained 4 mo ***: TIPS neither improved nor worsened pulmonary gas exchange in patients with portal hypertension. This data does not support the use of TIPS as a specific treatment for HPS. However, it does reinforce the view that TIPS can be safely performed for the treatment of other complications of portal hypertension in patients with HPS.

关键词： Portal hypertension Transjugular intrahepaticportosystemic shunt Pulmonary gas exchange Hepatopulmonary syndrome

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Learning by Living: Empathy Learned through an Extended Medical Education Immersion Project

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第3期7卷 236-244页

作者： Ianna Hondros-McCarthy Philip barber Marilyn r. Gugliucci University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine Biddeford ME USA

Introduction: Medical student training and experiences in nursing homes are often viewed as negative;however, long-term care services represent a growing aspect of our medical system that receives little attention in medical education. The University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine Learning by Living Nursing Home Immersion Project accelerates students learning about older adult care and the importance of empathy. Methods: Learning by Living applies qualitative ethnographic/autobiographic research methods to answer the question: “What is it like for me to live the life of an older adult nursing home resident?” Two first year medical students (female, 25 y/o & male, 27 y/o) were “admitted” into two different nursing homes for 11 days each. The students were wheelchair reliant from their assigned diagnoses of dominant-side paralysis secondary to stroke and aspiration pneumonia;requiring standard procedures of care experienced by older adults residents with similar conditions. Data were collected in the form of journal notes for pre-fieldwork, fieldwork, and post-fieldwork and included subjective and objective reporting of observations, experiences, and resident encounters. Analyses included journal review and thematic categorization and coding through content analysis. results: Four themes of significance intersected for the two medical students: 1) control;2) quality of life;3) communication;and 4) isolation. Being immersed in nursing home life provided the students with firsthand experiences of loss and challenges faced by nursing home residents. This aided students’ learning about empathy and communication as key components of providing health care. Conclusion: This experience imparted knowledge to the medical students’ about aging, dignity, and the importance of making meaningful connections in order to thrive. These insights provided a gateway to establish a model of patient-centered care that is comprehensive and empathic for the older adult popula

关键词： Empathy Nursing Home Immersion Experiential Medical Education Translational Medical Practice

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Curating Spaces of Hope: Coproducing Shared Values in Uncertain Times

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Sociology Study 2023年第2期13卷 83-97页

作者： Matthew barber-rowell Liverpool Hope University LiverpoolUK

This paper sets out a new paradigm of faith based organisation(FBO)called Curating Spaces of *** paper sets out the paradigm and the interdisciplinary literatures into which the paradigm is applied namely,the diversifying belief landscape in the UK,the postsecular,the redefinition of FBOs,and liminality as the new norm in *** paper then turns to ethnographic research to evidence the ability of the paradigm to map and coproduce shared values,before considering applications of Curating Spaces of Hope in post-pandemic contexts in the north west of England through case studies with ecumenical Christian,non-religious,and Turkish Muslim and interfaith contexts.

关键词： shared values coproduction postsecular faith based organisations spaces of hope

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Sorption and Leaching Potential of Isoproturon and Atrazine in Low Organic Carbon Soil of Pakistan Under a Wheat-Maize rotation

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 687-698页

作者： Muhammad TAHIr Anwar Ul HASSAN Saliha MAQBOOL Brian barber William C.KOSKINEN PENG Xinhua David J.MULLA State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Institute of Soil&Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjab 38000(Pakistan) Soil and Water Management research Laboratory St.Paul MN 55108-6089(USA) Department of Soil Water&ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaTwin Cities MN 55108-6089(USA)

Pesticide leaching is a great threat in low organic carbon soils when subjected to improper irrigation *** data are available on the sorption and leaching potential of pesticides in agricultural soils of Pakistan with low soil organic carbon(SOC).Lysimeter and field studies were conducted with and without manure application at two irrigation levels in a wheat-fallowmaize rotation in Faisalabad,Punjab,*** was applied to wheat 55 d after sowing at 1 kg active ingredient(a.i.)ha^(-1),while atrazine was sprayed on maize 30 d after sowing at 0.774 kg ***^(-1).Soil was sampled from three depths(0-35,35-70,and 70-110 cm) for the field study and four depths(0-35,35-70,70-115,and 115-160 cm) for the lysimeter study,280 and 65 d after application of isoproturon and atrazine,*** soil-water partition coefficients(K_d) of isoproturon and atrazine ranged from 0.3 to 1.2 and 0.4 to 1.5 L kg^(-1),respectively,and increased linearly with increase in SOC *** organic carbon-normalized soil-water partition coefficient(K_(oc)) of isoproturon and atrazine averaged 246.1 and 184.9 L kg^(-1),respectively,being higher with low spiking *** residues measured 280 d after application ranged from 2.1% to 3.6% of the applied mass in the lysimeter study and from 1.5% to 3.1% under field *** residues 65 d after application ranged from only 0.62% to 0.78% and from 0.88% to 0.82% in the lysimeter and field studies,*** lowest levels of residues for both pesticides were observed with frequent irrigation applied to manure-amended soil.A pesticide leaching risk screening tool,the ground water ubiquity score(GUS),indicated that in the absence of manure under both irrigation levels,isoproturon has a leaching potential(GUS = 2.8),while with the application of manure it has a very low leaching *** GUS ranged from 1.7 to 1.9,indicating a very low risk of leaching.

关键词： concentration dependent sorption irrigation manure leaching risk assessment pesticide

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MIAMI 1111

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汽车生活 2011年第4期 40-49页

作者： TIM barber（摄影师）

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齿轮润滑中PV曲线新特性及计算模型

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润滑与密封 1999年第5期24卷 11-14页

作者：江亲瑜 G.C.barber 大连铁道学院摩擦学研究室大连116028 奥克兰大学机械系罗切斯特密西根48309

大量资料表明,预测齿轮胶合常用的PV曲线在较宽的速度范围内具有抛物线型特征,过去还没有一种理论能对此作出合理的解释,本文根据齿轮润滑中不同的节线速度范围提出了反应膜的机械磨损和化学分解两种失效机理,进而对这两种机理作出了定... 详细信息

大量资料表明,预测齿轮胶合常用的PV曲线在较宽的速度范围内具有抛物线型特征,过去还没有一种理论能对此作出合理的解释,本文根据齿轮润滑中不同的节线速度范围提出了反应膜的机械磨损和化学分解两种失效机理,进而对这两种机理作出了定量描述。在此基础上建立了一个综合计算模型,即胶合载荷与节线速度间是近似的二次函数关系,该综合模型与有关文献的试验结果相一致。本文为PV典线的高—低—高变化规律提供了合理的解释。

关键词：胶合失效机理反应膜齿轮 PV曲线润滑

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