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Managing agricultural phosphorus for water quality:Lessons from the USA and China

journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1770-1782页

作者： andrew Sharpley Xiaoyan Wang Department of Crop Soil and Environmental SciencesDivision of AgricultureUniversity of ArkansasayettevilleARUSA College of Resources Environment & TourismCapital Normal University

The accelerated eutrophication of freshwaters and to a lesser extent some coastal waters is primarily driven by phosphorus （P） inputs. While efforts to identify and limit point source inputs of P to surface waters have seen some success, nonpoint sources remain difficult to identify, target, and remediate. As further improvements in wastewater treatment technologies becomes increasingly costly, attention has focused more on nonpoint source reduction, particularly the role of agriculture. This attention was heightened over the last 10 to 20 years by a number of highly visible cases of nutrient-related water quality degradation; including the Lake Taihu, Baltic Sea, Chesapeake Bay, and Gulf of Mexico. Thus, there has been a shift to targeted management of critical sources of P loss. In both the U.S. and China, there has been an intensification of agricultural production systems in certain areas concentrate large amounts of nutrients in excess of local crop and forage needs, which has increased the potential for P loss from these areas. To address this, innovative technologies are emerging that recycle water P back to land as fertilizer. For example, in the watershed of Lake Taihu, China one of the largest surface fresh waters for drinking water supply in China, local governments have encouraged innovation and various technical trials to harvest harmful algal blooms and use them for bio-gas, agricultural fertilizers, and biofuel production. In any country, however, the economics of remediation will remain a key limitation to substantial changes in agricultural production.

关键词： Beneficial management practicesEutrophicationFertilizer managementLand useManure managementSoil conservationWatershed management

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Discrete composition control of two-dimensional morphologic all-inorganic metal halide perovskite nanocrystals

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第8期30卷 257-275,I0006页

作者： andrew Hunter Davis Weiwei Zheng Department of Chemistry Syracuse University13244 SyracuseUnited States

Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)exhibit impressive optical and electronic properties,making them an important class of functional materials with promising applications in solar cells,light emitting diodes(LEDs),photodetectors,and *** addition to the widely studied 0-dimensional(0 D)metal halide perovskite NCs,such as nanocubes,low dimensional perovskites,such as 2 D all-inorganic perovskite(AIP)NCs,subsist with directionally relevant quantum *** anisotropic NCs have the propensity to exhibit interesting optoelectronic properties that are exceedingly difficult to introduce into 0 D systems,yet as of late are largely *** this review,we discuss the recent synthetic progress of 2 D all-inorganic metal halide perovskite NCs with ABX3 ***,we highlight the discrete composition control of the cations(A and B sites)and anions(X site)by dopant incorporation and alloying in 2 D metal halide perovskite *** will also discuss more complex perovskite crystal structures,such as Ruddlesden-Popper double perovskites,and compare these materials to 0 D perovskite ***,our work culminates in the future interests and perspectives of this field with a focus on the wide applicability of 2 D systems and the large variance in structure capable with discrete compositional tuning.

关键词： All-inorganic perovskites Two-dimensional nanocrystals Composition Doping Alloying Ion exchange

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Nuclear Targeting of Methyl-Recycling Enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana Is Mediated by Specific Protein Interactions

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 231-248页

作者： Sanghyun Lee andrew C. Doxey Brendan j. McConkey Barbara A. Moffatt Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Developmental Biology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

Numerous transmethylation reactions are required for normal plant growth and development. S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase （SAHH） and adenosine kinase （ADK） act coordinately to recycle the by-product of these reactions, S-adenosylhomocysteine （SAH） that would otherwise competitively inhibit methyltransferase （MT） activities. Here, we report on investigations to understand how the SAH produced in the nucleus is metabolized by SAHH and ADK. Localization analyses using green fluorescent fusion proteins demonstrated that both enzymes are capable of localizing to the cytoplasm and the nucleus, although no obvious nuclear localization signal was found in their sequences. Deletion analysis revealed that a 41-amino-acid segment of SAHH （GlylS^-Lys19~） is required for nuclear targeting of this enzyme. This segment is surface exposed, shows unique sequence conservation patterns in plant SAHHs, and possesses additional features of protein-protein interaction motifs. ADK and SAHH interact in Arabidopsb via this segment and also interact with an mRNA cap MT. We propose that the targeting of this complex is directed by the nuclear localization signal of the MT; other MTs may similarly target SAHH/ADK to other subcellular compartments to ensure uninterrupted transmethylation.

关键词： Transmethylation subcellular localization S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase adenosine kinase nuclear targeting protein docking protein modeling protein motif analysis.

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Mice with a heterozygous Lrp6 deletion have impaired fracture healing

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Bone Research 2016年第2期4卷 101-109页

作者： Travis A Burgers juan F Vivanco juraj zahatnansky andrew j Vander Moren james j Mason Bart O Williams Center for Cancer and Cell Biology Program for Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment Van Andel Research Institute Grand Rapids MhUSA Faculfad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Adolfo Ib6fiez University Vifia del Mar Chile padnos College of Engineering and Computing Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids MI USA

Bone fracture non-unions, the failure of a fracture to heal, occur in 10%-20% of fractures and are a costly and debilitating clinical problem. The Wnt/fl-catenin pathway is critical in bone development and fracture healing. Polymorphisms of linking low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 （LRP6）, a Wnt-binding receptor, have been associated with decreased bone mineral density and fragility fractures, although this remains controversial. Mice with a homozygous deletion of Lrp6 have severe skeletal abnormalities and are not viable, whereas mice with a heterozygous deletion have a combinatory effect with Lrp5 to decrease bone mineral density. As fracture healing closely models embryonic skeletal development, we investigated the process of fracture healing in mice heterozygous for Lrp6 （Lrp6~/-） and hypothesized that the heterozygous deletion of Lrp6 would impair fracture healing. Mid-diaphyseal femur fractures were induced in Lrp6~^- mice and wild-type controls （Lrp6~/~）. Fractures were analyzed using micro-computed tomography （~CT） scans, biomechanical testing, and histological analysis. Lrp6~/- mice had significantly decreased stiffness and strength at 28 days post fracture （PF） and significantly decreased BV/TV, total density, immature bone density, and mature area within the callus on day-14 and -21 PF; they had significantly increased empty callus area at days 14 and 21 PF. Our results demonstrate that the heterozygous deletion of Lrp6 impairs fracture healing, which suggests that Lrp6 has a role in fracture healing.

关键词： bone Mice with a heterozygous Lrp6 deletion have impaired fracture healing

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Transformer2 proteins protect breast cancer cells from accumulating replication stress by ensuring productive splicing of checkpoint kinase 1

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 186-195页

作者： andrew Best Katherine james Gerald Hysenaj Alison Tyson-Capper David j. Elliott Institute of Genetic Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 3BZ UK Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Research Group and Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 3BZ UK Institute for Cellular Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle NE2 4HH UK

Increased expression levels of the RNA splicing regulator Transformer2fl （abbreviated Tra2fl） have been reported in several types of cancer. Recent work has revealed an intimate cross-regulation between Tra2fl and the highly similar Tra2a protein in human breast cancer cells, though these two proteins are encoded by separate genes created by a gene duplication that occurred over 500 million years ago. This cross-regulation involves splicing control of a special class of exons, called poison exons. Down-regulation of Tra2fl reduces splicing inclu- sion of a poison exon in the mRNA encoding Tra2a, thereby up-regulating Tra2a protein expression. This buffers any splicing changes that might be caused by individual depletion of Tra2fl alone. Discovery of this cross-regulation pathway, and its by-pass by joint deple- tion of both human Tra2 proteins, revealed Tra2 proteins are essential for breast cancer cell viability, and led to the identification of important targets for splicing control. These exons include a critical exon within the checkpoint kinase 1 （CHK1） gene that plays a crucial function in the protection of cancer cells from replication stress. Breast cancer cells depleted for Tra2 proteins have reduced CHK1 protein levels and accumulate DNA damage. These data suggest Tra2 proteins and/or their splicing targets as possible cancer drug targets.

关键词： RNA splicing gene expression breast cancer,DNA damage CHK1

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Behavioral primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第1期7卷 34-37页

作者： andrew Elagizi Edward Archer Carl j.Lavie Department of Internal Medicine Leonard J Chabert Medical CenterHoumaLAUSA EnduringFX ColumbiaSCUSA Department of Cardiovascular Diseases John Ochsner Heart and Vascular InstituteOchsner Clinical School-The University of Queensland School of MedicineNew OrleansLAUSA

The 2012 grade C recommendation from the United States Preventive Service Task Force(USPSTF)is that clinicians may choose to selectively counsel adults about healthful diet and physical activity(PA)for cardiovascular ... 详细信息

关键词： prevention cardiovascular diseases

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Extravascular use of drug-eluting beads: A promising approach in compartment-based tumor therapy

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第43期19卷 7586-7593页

作者： Simon Binder andrew L Lewis j-Matthias Lhr Michael Keese Faculty of Medicine Mannheim University of Heidelberg68167 MannheimGermany Biocompatibles UK Ltd. Department for Research and DevelopmentFarnham GU98QL SurreyUnited Kingdom Karolinska Institute Department of Clinical ScienceIntervention and Technology17177 StockholmSweden Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery University Hospital Frankfurt60590 Frankfurt am MainGermany

Intraperitoneal carcinomatosis(PC)may occur with several tumor *** prognosis of patients suffering from PC is usually *** treatment depends on the cancer entity and includes systemic chemotherapy,radiation therapy,hormonal therapy and surgical *** few patients may also benefit from hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with a complete tumor *** therapies are often accompanied by severe systemic *** approach to reduce side effects is to target chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor with carrier *** experimental results have been achieved using drug-eluting beads(DEBs).A series of in vitro and in vitro experiments has been conducted to determine the suitability of their extravascular *** encapsulation devices were able to harbor CYP2B1producing cells and to shield them from the hosts immune system when injected *** this way ifosfamide-which is transformed into its active metabolites by CYP2B1-could be successfully targeted into pancreatic tumor *** DEBs can be used to target chemotherapeutics into the abdominal cavity for treatment of *** CYP2B1 producing cells are proven to be save for usage in man and if local toxic effects of chemotherapeutics can be controlled,DEBs will become promising tools in compartmentbased anticancer treatment.

关键词： Compartment based therapy Intraperitoneal Drug-eluting beads Carcinomatosis Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Glioblastoma Pancreatic cancer CYP2B1 Ifosfamide

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Enhanced dual plasmonic photocatalysis through plasmonic coupling in eccentric noble metal-nonstoichiometric copper chakogenide hetero-nanostructures

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1579-1586页

作者： Mariia Ivanchenko Vida Nooshnab Alline F.Myers Nicolas Large andrew j.Evangelista Hao jing Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) 100 Bureau Dr.GaithersburgMaryland 20899USA

The extension of plasmonics to materials beyond the conventional noble metals opens up a novel and exciting regime after the inspiring discovery of characteristic localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPRs)in doped semiconductor nanocrystals originating from the collective oscillations of free holes in the valence *** herein prepare colloidal monodisperse eccentric dual plasmonic noble metal-nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenide(Au@Cu_(2-x)Se)hybrid hetero-nanostructures with precisely controlled semiconductor shell size and two tunable LSPRs in both visible(VIS)and near-infrared(NIR)regions associated with Au and Cu_(2-x)Se,*** systematic evaluations of the photocatalytic performance of Au@Cu_(2-x)Se upon sole NIR and dual VIS+NIR simultaneous excitations,we are capable of unambiguously elucidating the role of plasmonic coupling between two dissimilar building blocks on the accelerated photocatalytic reactions with greater rate constants from both experimental and computational *** significantly enhanced strength of the electromagnetic field arising from efficient plasmonic coupling under the excitation of two LSPRs results in the superior activities of dual plasmonic Au@Cu_(2-x)Se in *** new physical and chemical insights gained from this work provide the keystone for the rational design and construction of high-quality dual-or even multi-plasmonic nano-systems with optimized properties for widespread applications ranging from photocatalysis to molecular spectroscopies.

关键词： dual plasmonic nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenides time-domain(FDTD) photocatalysis

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High performance flexible metal oxide/silver nanowire based transparent conductive films by a scalable lamination-assisted solution method

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journal of Materiomics 2017年第1期3卷 77-82页

作者： Hua Yu andrew j.Stapleton David A.Lewis Lianzhou Wang a Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia Flinders Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology Flinders UniversityGPO Box 2100AdelaideSA 5001Australia CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Private Bag 33Clayton SouthVictoria 3169Australia

Flexible MoO_(3)/silver nanowire(AgNW)/MoO_(3)/TiO_(2)/Epoxy electrodes with comparable performance to ITO were fabricated by a scalable solution-processed method with lamination assistance for transparent and conductive *** nanoparticle-based electrodes were also prepared for *** a simple spin-coating and lamination-assisted planarization method,a full solution-based approach allows preparation of AgNW-based composite electrodes at temperatures as low as 140℃.The resulting flexible AgNW-based electrodes exhibit higher transmittance of 82%at 550 nm and lower sheet resistance about 12-15Ωsq^(-1),in comparison with the values of 68%and 22-25Ωsq^(-1) separately for AgNP based *** electron microscopy(SEM)and Atomic force microscopy(AFM)reveals that the multi-stacked metal-oxide layers embedded with the AgNWs possess lower surface roughness(<15 nm).The AgNW/MoO_(3) composite network could enhance the charge transport and collection efficiency by broadening the lateral conduction range due to the built of an efficient charge transport network with long-sized *** consideration of the manufacturing cost,the laminationassisted solution-processed method is cost-effective and scalable,which is desire for large-area *** in view of the materials cost and comparable performance,this AgNW-based transparent and conductive electrodes is potential as an alternative to ITO for various optoelectronic applications.

关键词： Silver nanowires Transparent conductive film MoO_(3) Solution processed Lamination

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21-Component compositionally complex ceramics: Discovery of ultrahigh-entropy weberite and fergusonite phases and a pyrochlore–weberite transition

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journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第4期11卷 641-655页

作者： Mingde QIN Heidy VEGA Dawei ZHANG Sarath ADAPA andrew j.WRIGHT Renkun CHEN jian LUO Department of Nano Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA

Two new high-entropy ceramics(HECs)in the weberite and fergusonite structures,along with the unexpected formation of ordered pyrochlore phases with ultrahigh-entropy compositions and an abrupt pyrochlore–weberite transition,are discovered in a 21-component oxide *** the Gibbs phase rule allows 21 equilibrium phases,9 out of the 13 compositions examined possess single HEC phases(with ultrahigh ideal configurational entropies:~2.7kB per cation or higher on one sublattice in most cases).Notably,(15RE_(1/15))(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))O_(4) possess a single monoclinic fergusonite(C2/c)phase,and(15RE_(1/15))_(3)(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))_(1)O_(7) form a single orthorhombic(C222_(1))weberite phase,where 15RE_(1/15) represents Sc_(1/15)Y_(1/15)La_(1/15)Pr_(1/15)Nd_(1/15)Sm_(1/15)Eu_(1/15)Gd_(1/15)Tb_(1/15)Dy_(1/15)Ho_(1/15)Er_(1/15)Tm_(1/15) Yb_(1/15)Lu_(1/15).Moreover,a series of eight(15RE_(1/15))_(2+x)(Ti_(1/4)Zr_(1/4)Ce_(1/4)Hf_(1/4))_(2−2x)(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))_(x)O_(7) specimens all exhibit single phases,where a pyrochlore–weberite transition occurs within 0.75

关键词： compositionally complex ceramics high-entropy ceramics(HECs) weberite pyrochlore fergusonite ultrahigh-entropy ceramics many-component ceramics

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