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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar andrew graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris Edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in ***,the purpose of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch ***:We searched through PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect ***,by applying a mixed-effect model,we performed the respective subgroup *** find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we performed a ***:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;p<0.001;I^(2)=74.97).Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the stretching techniques(p=0.01)indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic ***,there was a significant effect between the sexes(p=0.04),indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM compared to ***,further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or ***:When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term,proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching,rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching,should be *** to consider in future research as well as sports practice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching were

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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牙买加旅游业面向中国出境游客的市场营销策略研究

牙买加旅游业面向中国出境游客的市场营销策略研究

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作者： andrew Antonio graham 江西财经大学

学位级别：硕士

本论文围绕牙买加的旅游业,以及如何通过价格、地点、产品和促销等缓解因素的相互作用,制定营销计划,吸引中国出境游客来牙买加旅游。本论文专门研究了牙买加的旅游产品及其在中国出境旅游者中的品牌认知度和吸引力水平,目的是针对中国... 详细信息

本论文围绕牙买加的旅游业,以及如何通过价格、地点、产品和促销等缓解因素的相互作用,制定营销计划,吸引中国出境游客来牙买加旅游。本论文专门研究了牙买加的旅游产品及其在中国出境旅游者中的品牌认知度和吸引力水平,目的是针对中国出境旅游者来牙买加旅游的情况,制定一个针对中国出境旅游者的营销计划。通过发放调查问卷,对潜在的中国出境游客的行为和消费习惯进行了调查,并对调查结果进行了分析和解读,得出了明确的结论。这得到了旅游领域权威专家的文献支持。调查的结果很有意思,在296名受访者中,仅有17%的受访者（即50人）对牙买加的存在有一定的了解。笔者在与中国国民的日常交谈中也发现,他们中的一些人知道牙买加的产品,如蓝山峰咖啡等,但大多数人认为牙买加位于非洲大陆。调研也不是没有挑战,其中最主要的是没有针对中国出境旅游者的现有营销计划。由于这一局限性,本研究无法实现其目的之一,即分析现有的策略并找出改进的方法。缺乏有关中国国民赴岛旅游的数据,如年龄分布、旅行目的、旅行时间等,是作者要克服的主要障碍。通过研究,笔者推测,牙买加旅游行业的利益相关者还有很多工作要做,以利用蓬勃发展的中国游客市场。调查还显示,牙买加品牌在中国互联网和社交媒体平台上的存在感很差。研究人员认为,通过强有力的网络营销和与中国旅游市场的利益相关方如旅行社和其他一线联络员建立联系,以及与北美和加勒比地区的其他国家结成联盟,牙买加将有很大的机会实现和保持这一目标。

关键词：牙买加中国旅游市场品牌

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Evaluating implicit gender bias at Canadian otolaryngology meetings through use of professional title

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen Van Osch Agnieszka Dzioba Khadija Ahmed andrew MacDonald Jamila Skinner Harley Williams Julie E.Strychowsky M.Elise graham Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives:Increasing numbers of women enter medical school *** number of female physicians in leadership positions has been much slower to *** are also well‐documented differences in the treatment of women as compared to men in professional *** presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds and conferences,especially with a man performing the *** study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery(CSOHNS)meetings from 2017 to 2020 to determine the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by ***:Recordings from CSOHNS meetings were reviewed and coded for introducer and presenter demographics,including leadership positions and ***‐squared tests of proportion and multivariate logistic regression was used to compare genders and identify factors associated with professional versus unprofessional forms of ***:No significant association was found between professional title use and introducer or presenter *** presenters were introduced with professional title 69.6%of the time,while male presenters were introduced with professional title 67.6%of the time(P=0.69).Residents were introduced with a professional title with the most frequency(75.8%),while attending staff were introduced with a professional title with the least frequency(63.0%)(P=0.02).Conclusions:The lack of gender bias in speaker introductions at recent CSOHNS meetings demonstrates progress in achieving gender equity in *** efforts should continue to define additional forms of unconscious bias that may be contributing to gender inequity in leadership positions.

关键词： attitude of health personnel gender identity Otolaryngology women

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Art

Art

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作者： graham-Dixon andrew.

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Rapid on-site identification of hazardous organic compounds at fire scenes using person-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)—part 1:air sampling and analysis

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 134-149页

作者： Rylee Lam Chris Lennard graham Kingsland Paul Johnstone andrew Symons Laura Wythes Jeremy Fewtrell David O’Brien Val Spikmans School of Science and Health Western Sydney UniversityPenrithAustralia Fire&Rescue NSW Fire Investigation and Research UnitGreenacreAustralia Operations Capability Directorate Fire&Rescue NSWGreenacreAustralia Environment Protection Science Branch Office of Environment and HeritageLidcombeAustralia Hazardous Incidents and Environmental Health Branch New South Wales Environment Protection AuthoritySydneyAustralia Strategic Capability Fire&Rescue NSWGreenacreAustralia

Recent advancements in person-portable instrumentation have resulted in the potential to provide contemporaneous results through rapid in-field *** technologies can be utilised in emergency response scenarios to aid first responders in appropriate site risk assessment and *** metropolitan fires can pose great risk to human and environmental health due to the rapid release of hazardous compounds into the *** the release of these hazardous organics is critical in understanding their associated ***-portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was evaluated for its potential to provide rapid on-site analysis for real-time monitoring of hazardous organic compounds at fire *** sampling and analysis methods were developed for scenes of this *** field testing demonstrated that the portable GC-MS was able to provide preliminary analytical results on the volatile organic compounds present in air samples collected from both active and extinguished ***-field results were confirmed using conventional laboratory-based air sampling and analysis *** deployment of portable instrumentation could provide first responders with a rapid on-site assessment tool for the appropriate management of scenes,thereby ensuring environmental and human health is proactively protected and scientifically informed decisions are made for the provision of timely advice to stakeholders.

关键词： Forensic sciences gas chromatography-mass spectrometry portable GC-MS air pollution fire volatile organic compounds field analysis needle trap

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Mitochondrial ROS and Aging:Understanding Exercise as a Preventive Tool

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第1期2卷 15-24页

作者： Henver S.Brunetta andrew M.Holwerda Luc J.C.van Loon graham P.Holloway Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences University of GuelphGuelphON NIG 2W1Canada Department of Physiological Sciences Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil Department of Human Biology NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands

Sarcopenia,which is characterized by reduction in muscle mass and strength,contributes to several age-related conditions,including insulin resistance and *** the importance of maintaining muscle mass for healthy aging,the mechanisms contributing to sarcopenia are not fully ***,mitochondria appear to play a key role in the underlying condition,and importantly,respond robustly to exercise *** are intracellular organelles largely attributed to maintaining ATP concentrations,however,the importance of this organelle in overall cellular homeostasis has been expanded in the last decades to include redox signaling,calcium homeostasis,inflammation,and *** lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial bioenergetics are altered in aged skeletal muscle,resulting in an increase in reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,while conversely genetic/pharmacological approaches that attenuate mitochondrial ROS promote healthy aging and maintenance of muscle *** observations suggest that increased free radicals are one of the bases of the aging process and related ***,we reviewed the current knowledge regarding mitochondrial function and redox balance in aged human skeletal muscle,highlighting the implications of redox unbalance on skeletal muscle mass maintenance and muscle ***,we describe the benefits of exercise and nutrition interventions in the context of improving mitochondrial bioenergetics and functional outcomes regarding skeletal muscle mass and function.

关键词： Mitochondria Redox state Aging Sarcopenia.Exercise Nutrition

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Progress in Avian Vision

Progress in Avian Vision

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23rd International Ornithological Congress

作者： graham R.Martin andrew T.D.Bennett Biosciences Univ. of Birmingham UK Biological Sciences Univ. Bristol UK

＜正＞ Vision is the key sense that guides many important aspects of bird behaviour. Recent progress ranges from understanding the retinal mechanism of colour vision including, the tetra-chromatic visual system, the wide distribution of sensitivity into the UV, to details of eye structure and visual fields and their relation to foraging. This round table will seek to summarize important recent findings and identify areas for interdisciplinary research and collaborative investigations that link eye, vision and behaviour

关键词： Vision eye visually guided behaviour

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Humane Non-Human Primate Model of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Utilizing Electromyography as a Measure of Impairment and Recovery

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2013年第1期3卷 86-89页

作者： William A. graham Douglas L. Rosene Susan Westmoreland andrew Miller Ervin Sejdic Shanker Nesathurai Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Canada

The overall goal of this project is to develop a humane non-human primate model of traumatic spinal cord injury that will facilitate the development and evaluation of therapeutic interventions. The model utilizes neurophysiological techniques to identify the location of the upper motor neuron axons that innervate the lower motor neurons that control tail musculature. This facilitates the placement of a selective lesion that partially disconnects the upper and lower motor neuron supply to the musculature of the tail. An implanted transmitter quantitatively measures electromyography data from the tail. The preliminary data indicates that this model is feasible. The subject was able to tolerate the implantation of the transmitter, without adverse effects. As well, there was no limb impairment, bowel dysfunction or bladder dysfunction. The histopathologic and electromyographic features of the selective experimental lesion were similar to human spinal cord injury.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Animal Model Pathophysiology Electromyography

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阳离子型抗菌剂聚六亚甲基双胍与核酸结合的协同作用

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中国皮革 2011年第17期40卷 45-51页

作者： Michael J. Allen andrew P. Morby graham F. White 江正武(译) 赵春霞(译) 刘白玲(校) Cardiff School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CFIO 3US UK 中国科学院研究生院北京100039 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所四川成都610041

研究了广谱抗菌剂聚六亚甲基双胍(PHMB)与各类核酸的相互作用。通过滴定反应研究了PHMB与具有100个碱基(对)的单(双)链DNA、混合长度的标准DNA、tRNA相互作用形成的复合物沉淀。试验发现:PHMB与核酸之间是核苷酸/双胍基团以单元比相结... 详细信息

研究了广谱抗菌剂聚六亚甲基双胍(PHMB)与各类核酸的相互作用。通过滴定反应研究了PHMB与具有100个碱基(对)的单(双)链DNA、混合长度的标准DNA、tRNA相互作用形成的复合物沉淀。试验发现:PHMB与核酸之间是核苷酸/双胍基团以单元比相结合的。它们之间的这种结合具有很强的协同性,其表观Hill系数为10.3～14.6。用核酸滴定PHMB的荧光衍生物时,四类核酸的作用都显示了很强的荧光偏振强度,表明了核酸与PHMB之间的结合作用。PHMB与各类核酸之间强烈而广泛的结合作用,对这类抗菌剂的作用机理有着重要意义。

关键词：抗菌剂聚六亚甲基双胍阳离子表面活性剂 DNA结合协同性

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Waterbird use of farm dams in south-eastern Australia:abundance and influence of biophysical and landscape characteristics

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 12-24页

作者： andrew J.Hamilton ChloéConort Aurore Bueno Christopher G.Murray James R.Grove Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneDookie CampusCurrawaVIC 3647Australia Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor(Research and Innovation) Federation University AustraliaBallaratVIC 3353Australia Department of Rural Health Melbourne Medical School49 Graham StreetPO Box 6500SheppartonVIC 3632Australia École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse 31326 Castanet TolosanFrance Faculty of Science The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Faculty of Science Department of GeographyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Background: While agriculture has taken much environmental water in Australia's Murray-Darling Basin, agricultural expansion has resulted in a vast number of farm dams, almost three-quarters of a million in the Murray-Darling Basin ***: Over a summer we studied(1) waterbird abundance and species richness and(2) the influence of biophysical and landscape characteristics across 49 farm dams at a large mixed-enterprise farm in northern Victoria on the southern reach of the Murray-Darling ***: On average, dams were found to host 27.1 ± 71.1 individuals/ha and 1.8 ± 2.9 species per pond. Such densities are comparable to those on natural wetlands. Dam surface area and perimeter and amount of vegetation were positively and strongly correlated with the Rallidae density(birds/ha), but no other parameters were strongly correlated with any other functional group. The landscape in which the dams were embedded had a highly significant effect(p < 0.001) on the number of birds found on a ***: Our research needs to be complemented with further studies in other parts of the Basin and on other taxa, but given at our site they supported similar densities of individuals and species to natural wetlands, and given the fact that there are 710,539 farm dams in the Murray-Darling Basin, which hosts much of Australia's waterbird fauna, it is reasonable to suggest that farm dams are overlooked, and possibly very important, avian biodiversity hotspots. It also highlights the importance of a landscape setting, in which dams are situated, on the number of birds using the dams.

关键词： Farm ponds Waterbirds Waterfowl Zooplankton

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