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Virtually Wall-Less Tubular sponges as Compartmentalized Reaction Containers

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 868-877页

作者： shaohua Jiang Viktoria Gruen sabine Rosenfeldt Anna s.schenk seema Agarwal Zhi-Kang Xu andreas Greiner College of Materials science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Universitat Bayreuth Physical ChemistryUniversitatsstrasse 3095447 BayreuthGermany Universitat Bayreuth Macromolecular ChemistryBavarian Polymer InstituteUniversitatsstrasse 3095440 BayreuthGermany MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular synthesis and Functionalization Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials&Technologies of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University310027 HangzhouChina

sponges are open cellular materials with numerous interesting ***,the potential of compartmentalized sponges has not been explored although many new properties and applications could be *** found that compartmentalized fbrous ultraporous polymer sponges with superhydrophobic surfaces could be designed as virtually wall-less reaction *** this,for example,the efcient removal of CO_(2) from water and the controlled mineralization of calcium carbonate are *** high porosity(>99%)and superhydrophobicity make these sponges ideal candidates to hold alkanolamine solution for absorbing CO_(2) and exchange gas through the walls of the *** tubular sponge exhibits a much higher evaporation rate than a glass tube with the same diameter due to the much larger contact area between water and ***,the spongy reaction container also possesses a much faster adsorption rate,smaller equilibration time and higher efciency for CO_(2) adsorption than the glass tube *** addition,these tubular sponges are also utilized to precipitate calcium carbonate by ammonium carbonate decomposition,which can control the deposition rates and products by tailoring the porosity and surface chemistry in the *** new sponges provide an ideal basis for numerous new applications,for example,as breathable pipe lines for gas-liquid exchange,slag slurry carbonization,humidifer,and blood enricher.

关键词： sponge porosity adsorption

Assessment of Rill Erosion Development during Erosive storms at Angereb Watershed, Lake Tana sub-basin in Ethiopia

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Journal of Mountain science 2015年第1期12卷 49-59页

作者： Gizaw Desta GEssEssE Reinfried MANsBERGER andreas KLIK Water and Land Resource Centre (WLRC) P.O.Box 3880 Addis Ababa Ethiopia Institute of surveying Remote Sensing and Land Information (IVFL) University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management (IHLW) University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences

Application of simple and locally based erosion assessment methods that fit to the local condition is necessary to improve the performance and efficiency of soil conservation practices. In this study, rill erosion formation and development was investigated on the topo-sequence of three catchments （300-500 m slope length）; and on agricultural fields （6 m and 24 m slope lengths） with different crop-tillage surfaces during erosive storms. Rill density and rill erosion rates were measured using rill cross section survey and close range digital photogrammetry. Rill formation and development was commonly observed on conditions where there is wider terrace spacing, concave slope shapes and unstable stone terraces on steep slopes. At field plot level, rill development was controlled by the distribution and abrupt change in the soil surface roughness and extent of slope length. At catchment scale, however, rill formation and development was controlled by landscape structures, and concavity and convexity of the slope. Greater rill cross sections and many small local rills were associated to the rougher soil surfaces. For instance, relative comparison of crop tillage practices have showed that faba-bean tillage management was more susceptible to seasonal rill erosion followed by Teff and wheat tillage surfaces under no cover condition. surface roughness and landscape structures played a net decreasing effect on the parallel rill network development. This implies that spatial and temporal variability of the rill prone areas was strongly associated with the nature and initial size of surface micro-topography or tillage roughness. Thus, it is necessary to account land management practices, detail micro-topographic surfaces and landscape structures for improved prediction of rill prone areas under complex topographic conditions. Application of both direct rill cross section survey and close range digital photogrammetric techniques could enhance field erosion assessment for practic

关键词： soil erosion Rill erosion survey Digitalphotogrammetry Tillage roughness AngerebWatershed Ethiopia

Female reproductive success in a species with an age-inversed hierarchy

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 433-446页

作者： Dorien DE VRIEs andreas KOENIG Carola BORRIEs Interdepartmental Doctoral Program in Anthropological sciences Stony Brook UniversitySUNYNYUSA Department of Anthropology Stony Brook UniversitySUNYNYUSA

In most group-living mammals,reproductive success declines with increasing age and increases with increasing *** effects have mainly been studied in matrilineal and in“age positive”hierarchies,which are stable and in which high ranking females often outperform low ranking *** relationships are less well-understood in age-inversed dominance hierarchies,in which a female’s rank changes over *** analyzed demographic data of 2 wild,unprovisioned groups of gray langurs(semnopithecus schistaceus)near Ramnagar,Nepal covering periods of 5 years *** rank was unstable and *** measured reproductive success via birth rates(57 births),infant survival(proportion of infants surviving to 2 years)and number of offspring surviving to 2 years of age(successful births)for 3 age and 3 rank *** found that old females performed significantly worse than expected(birth rate P=0.04;successful births P=0.03).The same was true for low ranking females(P=0.04,and Pspectively).Infant survival was highest for young and middle-aged as well as for high and middle ranking ***,the results for these unstable hierarchies were rather similar to those for stable hierarchies of other mammals,particularly several nonhuman ***pared to a provisioned population of a closely related species,the wild and unprovisioned population examined(i)showed stronger age effects,while(ii)female reproductive success was equally affected by *** comparative studies are needed to examine whether captive or provisioned populations deviate predictably from wild populations.

关键词： birth rate gray langurs offspring survival provisioning semnopithecus schistaceus

Fracture behavior and microstructure analysis of Al2O3–MgO–CaO castables for steel-ladle purging plugs

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第11期23卷 1333-1339页

作者： Bin Long Gui-ying Xu Yong Li andreas Buhr school of Materials science and Engineering University Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Almatis Qingdao Co. Ltd. Qingdao 266071 China Almatis GmbH Frankfurt 60528 Germany

Three different castables based on the Al_2O_3–MgO –CaO system were prepared as steel-ladle purging plug refractories： corundum-based low-cement castable（C-LCC）, corundum-spinel-based low-cement castable（C-s-LCC）, and corundum-spinel no-cement castable（C-s-NCC）（hydratable alumina（ρ-Al_2O_3） bonded）. The fracture behavior at room temperature was tested by the method of ＂wedge-splitting＂ on samples pre-fired at different temperatures; the specific fracture energy G′f and notched tensile strength σNT were obtained from these tests. In addition, the Young＇s modulus E was measured by the method of resonance frequency of damping analysis（RFDA）. The thermal stress resistance parameter R′′′′ calculated using the values of G′f, σNT, and E was used to evaluate the thermal shock resistance of the materials. According to the microstructure analysis results, the sintering effect and the bonding type of the matrix material were different among these three castables, which explains their different fracture behaviors.

关键词： castables alumina magnesia copper oxide fracture behavior microstructure thermal shock resistance

Induced Deactivation of Genes Encoding Chlorophyll Biosynthesis Enzymes Disentangles Tetrapyrrole- Mediated Retrograde signaling

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1211-1227页

作者： Hagen schlicke Annabel salinas Hartwig Vivien Firtzlaff andreas s. Richter , Christine Glasser Klaus Maier Iris Finkemeier Bernhard Grimm Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology Humboldt University Berlin Philippstr. 13 Building 12 D 10115 Berlin Germany Helmholtz Zentrum Monchen Deutsches Forschungszentrum for Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH) Ingolstadter Landstr. 1 85764 Neuherberg Germany Max-Planck-lnstitute for Plant Breeding Research. Plant Proteomics and Mass spectrometry Group Carl-von-Linne Weg 10 50829 Cologne Germany

In photosynthetic organisms, tetrapyrrole-mediated retrograde signals are proposed to contribute to a bal- anced nuclear gene expression （NGE） in response to metabolic activity in chloroplasts. We followed an experimental short- term approach that allowed the assessment of modified NGE during the first hours of specifically modified enzymatic steps of the Mg branch of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, when pleiotropic effects of other signals can be avoided. In response to 24-h-induced silencing of CHLH, CHLM, and CHL27 encoding the CHLH subunit of Mg chelatase, the Mg protoporphyrin methyltransferase and Mg protoporphyrin monomethylester cyclase, respectively, deactivated gene expression rapidly led to reduced activity of the corresponding enzymes and altered Mg porphyrin levels. But NGE was not substantially altered. When these three genes were continuously inactivated for up to 4 d, changes of transcript levels of nuclear genes were determined. CHL27 silencing for more than 24h results in necrotic leaf lesions and modulated transcript levels of oxidative stress-responsive and photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes （PhANGs）. The prolonged deactivation of CHLH and CHLM results in slightly elevated transcript levels of PhANGs and tetrapyrrole-associated genes. These time-resolved studies indicate a complex scenario for the contribution of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis on NGE mediated by IO2-induced signaling and feedback-regulated ALA synthesis.

关键词： plastid signal transcription analysis retrograde signal tetrapyrrole metabolism Mg protoporphyrin.

Hot deformation of Mg-Y-Zn alloy with a low content of the LPsO phase studied by in-situ synchrotron radiation diffraction

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第1期8卷 199-209页

作者： Klaudia Horváth Fekete Daria Drozdenko Jan Capek Kristián Máthis Domonkos Tolnai andreas stark Gerardo Garcés Patrik Dobron Department of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 512116 PragueCzech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAs 25068ˇRežCzech Republic Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku860-8555 KumamotoJapan Laboratory for Neutron scattering and Imaging Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI5232Switzerland Institute of Materials science Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck Str.1GeesthachtD21502Germany Department of Physical Metallurgy CENIM-CSICAvenida Gregorio del Amo 8E-28040 MadridSpain

The compressive deformation behavior of the extruded WZ42(Mg98.5Y1Zn0.5 in at.%)magnesium alloy containing a low amount of long-period stacking ordered(LPsO)phase was studied by in-situ synchrotron radiation diffraction *** were conducted at temperatures between room temperature and 350℃.Detailed microstructure investigation was provided by scanning electron microscopy,particularly the backscattered electron imaging and electron backscatter diffraction *** results show that twinning lost its dominance and kinking of the LPsO phase became more pronounced with increasing deformation *** cracks of the LPsO phase and no debonding r at the interface between the LPsO phase and the Mg matrix were observed at temperatures above 200℃.At 350℃,the LPsO phase lost its strengthening effect and the deformation of the alloy was mainly realized by the dynamic recrystallization of the Mg matrix.

关键词： Magnesium alloy LPsO phase Kinking High temperature synchrotron radiation diffraction

Fecal incontinence - Challenges and solutions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第1期23卷 11-24页

作者： Nallely saldana Ruiz andreas M Kaiser Department of surgery Division of Colorectal SurgeryKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern California Department of surgery Division of Colorectal SurgeryKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern California

Fecal incontinence is not a diagnosis but a frequent and debilitating common final pathway symptom resulting from numerous different causes. Incontinence not only impacts the patient’s self-esteem and quality of life but may result in significant secondary morbidity, disability, and cost. Treatment is difficult without any panacea and an individualized approach should be chosen that frequently combines different modalities. several new technologies have been developed and their specific roles will have to be defined. The scope of this review is outline the evaluation and treatment of patients with fecal incontinence.

关键词： Fecal incontinence sphincteroplasty sacral nerve stimulation Endorectal ultrasound New technologies Quality of life

Assessment of anti mosquito measures in households and resistance status of Culex species in urban areas in southern Ghana:Implications for the sustainability of ITN use

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第11期6卷 859-864页

作者： andreas A Kudom Ben A Mensah Jacob Nunoo Department of Entomology and Wildlife School of Biological Sciences.University of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Economics University of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana

Objective:To determine resistance status of Culex species to different class of insecticides and assess the major anti-mosquito strategies employed by urban households and their possible effects on malaria ***:structured questionnaires were randomly administered to obtain information on demographic characteristics,measures that people use to prevent mosquito bites and their perception of where mosquitoes breed in their *** susceptibility assays were also carried out using WHO discriminating dosages of four insecticides from different chemical classes against Culex ***:Majority of respondents(54.75%) preferred the use of domestic insecticides in the form of aerosols and *** households that used domestic insecticides,the use of coil was most frequent(62.9%) with a mean(95%CI) of 9.18(8.99,9.37) coils per *** level of pyrethroid-resistance and multiple insecticide resistance in Culex species were also detected in some of the study ***:The excessive use of domestic insecticides and high level of resistance in Culex species observed in the study area has implications for the ITN component of the nation's malaria control program in more subtle *** will lose interest in the use of ITN when it fails to protect users from bites of resistant Culex *** use of domestic insecticides may also select resistance in both malaria vectors and Culex *** this account we recommend that nuisance mosquitoes must be controlled as part of malaria control programs to improve acceptance and utilization of ITN.

关键词： Culex species Insecticide resistance Nuisance mosquitoes ITN Malaria control Mosquito coil

Probabilistic Tractable Models in Mixed Discrete-Continuou s Domains

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Data Intelligence 2021年第2期3卷 228-260页

作者： andreas Bueff stefanie speichert Vaishak Belle school of Informatics University of EdinburghOld CollegeSouth BridgeEdinburghEH89YLUK Alan Turing Institute British Library96 Euston RoadLondon NW12DBUK

We study the problem of the unsupervised learning of graphical models in mixed discrete-continuous *** problem of unsupervised learning of such models in discrete domains alone is notoriously challenging,compounded by the fact that inference is computationally *** situation is generally believed to be significantly worse in discrete-continuous domains:estimating the unknown probability distribution of given samples is often limited in practice to a handful of parametric forms,and in addition to that,computing conditional queries need to carefully handle low-probability regions in safety-critical *** recent years,the regime of tractable learning has emerged,which attempts to learn a graphical model that permits efficient *** of the results in this regime are based on arithmetic circuits,for which inference is linear in the size of the obtained *** this work,we show how,with minimal modifications,such regimes can be generalized by leveraging efficient density estimation schemes based on piecewise polynomial *** framework is realized on a recent computational abstraction that permits efficient inference for a range of queries in the underlying *** empirical results show that our approach is effective,and allows a study of the trade-off between the granularity of the learned model and its predictive power.

关键词： Graphical models Tractable inference Hybrid domains Weighted model integration