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Note on:“Ballistic model for the prediction of penetration depth and residual velocity in adobe:A new interpretation of the ballistic resistance of earthen masonry”

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 607-609页

作者： andreas heine Matthias Wickert Fraunhofer EMI Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany

A recently published modeling approach for the penetration into adobe and previous approaches implicitly criticized are reviewed and *** article contains a note on the paper titled“Ballistic model for the prediction of penetration depth and residual velocity in adobe:A new interpretation of the ballistic resistance of earthen masonry”(DOI:https://***/10.1016/***.2018.07.017).Reply to the Note from Li Piani et al is linked to this article.

关键词： adobe prediction earth

Effective depth-of-penetration range due to hardness variation for different lots of nominally identical target material

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第2期12卷 171-176页

作者： Patrick FRUEH andreas heine Karl Ernst WEBER Matthias WICKERT fraunhofer EMI Eckerstrasse 479104 FreiburgGermany

The effect of small variations of target hardness on the depth of penetration for nominally identical target material has not been addressed systematically in publications yet and is often neglected. An investigation of this issue for laboratory-scale long rod projectiles penetrating into semi-infinite rolled-homogeneous-armor steel targets was conducted. The tungsten-heavy-alloy penetrators were of length 90 mm and diameter6 mm. Five lots of armor steel with a nominal hardness range of 280–330 BHN provided material for the targets. The pursued approach consisted of hardness testing of the targets, in total 17 ballistic experiments at velocities in between 1250 m/s and 1780 m/s and data analysis.A linear regression analysis of penetration vs. hardness shows that a target hardness increase within the given range of 280–330 BHN may result in a reduction of penetration depth of about 5.8 mm at constant velocity. This is equal to a change of-12% at an impact velocity of 1250 m/s. A multiple linear regression analysis included also the influence of yaw angle and impact velocity. It shows that small yaw angles and slight variations of impact velocities provide a smaller variation of the semi-infinite penetration depths than a variation of target hardness within a typical specification span of 50 BHN. For such a span a change in penetration of approximately-4.8 mm due to hardness variation is found, whereas 1°of yaw angle or-10 m/s of velocity variation gives a change of about-1.0 mm respectively-0.9 mm. For the given example, the overwhelming part of the variation is to be attributed to hardness effects – 4.8 mm out of 5.8 mm(83%). For nominally identical target material the target hardness thus influences the ballistic test results more severely than the typical scatter in impact conditions.

关键词：硬度变化渗透深度靶材料一元线性回归分析多元线性回归分析地段穿透深度冲击速度

Lrp1 in osteoblasts controls osteoclast activity and protects against osteoporosis by limiting PDGF–RANKL signaling

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 50-59页

作者： Alexander Bartelt Friederike Behler-Janbeck F.Timo Beil Till Koehne Brigitte Müller Tobias Schmidt Markus heine Laura Ochs Tayfun Yilmaz Martin Dietrich Jan P.Tuckermann Michael Amling Joachim Herz Thorsten Schinke Joerg Heeren andreas Niemeier Department of Orthopaedics University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistr.5220246 HamburgGermany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistr.5220246 HamburgGermany Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistr5220246 HamburgGermany Department of Orthodontics University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistr52 20246 HamburgGermany Department of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistr.5220246 HamburgGermany Department of Molecular Genetics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390USA Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology University of UlmUlmGermany Correspondence:Andreas Niemeier Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases&Sabriülker Center Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health665 Huntington AvenueBostonMA 02115USA

Skeletal health relies on architectural integrity and sufficient bone mass, which are maintained through a tightly regulated equilibrium of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Genetic studies have linked the gene coding for low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein1(Lrp1) to bone traits but whether these associations are based on a causal molecular relationship is unknown. Here, we show that Lrp1 in osteoblasts is a novel regulator of osteoclast activity and bone *** lacking Lrp1 specifically in the osteoblast lineage displayed normal osteoblast function but severe osteoporosis due to highly increased osteoclast numbers and bone resorption. Osteoblast Lrp1 limited receptor activator of NF-κB ligand(RANKL) expression in vivo and in vitro through attenuation of platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF-BB) signaling. In co-culture, Lrp1-deficient osteoblasts stimulated osteoclastogenesis in a PDGFRβ-dependent manner and in vivo treatment with the PDGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate limited RANKL production and led to complete remission of the osteoporotic phenotype. These results identify osteoblast Lrp1 as a key regulator of osteoblast-to-osteoclast communication and bone mass through a PDGF–RANKL signaling axis in osteoblasts and open perspectives to further explore the potential of PDGF signaling inhibitors in counteracting bone loss as well as to evaluate the importance of functional LRP1 gene variants in the control of bone mass in humans.

关键词： PDGFRβ RANKL activator receptor imatinib axis gene vivo

Heart Rate Variability from Underwater Spiroergometry:How Meaningful?

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第2期5卷 116-122页

作者： andreas Koch Fabian Möller Elena Jacobi Thomas Muth Clark Pepper Uwe Hoffmann Jochen D.Schipke German Naval Medical Institute Maritime MedicineKronshagenGermany Department of Exercise Physiology Institute of Exercise Training and Sport InformaticsGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany Institute of Occupational Social and Environmental MedicineHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology Johanna Etienne HospitalNeussGermany Forschungsgruppe Experimentelle Chirurgie Universitäts-Klinikum DüsseldorfMoorenstrasse 540225 DüsseldorfGermany

Cardiovascular fitness of divers is overwhelmingly performed using bicycle ergometry.A more sport-specific alternative presents fit2dive,an underwater spiroergometry *** of this exploratory study:using fit2dive to investigate the diagnostic value of measures of heart rate variability(HRV)after markedly increasing physical *** scuba divers employed the fit2dive system and increased fin-swimming speed until *** gas consumption(VE)and heart rate(HR)were measured.A three-lead ECG was recorded to analyze for time and frequency domain *** increased from 16.5±6.5 to 68.3±26.6 L/*** increased from 96±13 beats/min(mean±SD)at rest to 170±14 beats/min before *** variability(SDNN:132±42 vs.54±17 ms)decreased along with two measures of parasympathetic activity(RMSSD:59±31 vs.24±16 ms;pNN50:22%±12%vs.3%±3%).Measures from the frequency domain decreased[low frequency(LF):3167±2651 vs.778±705 ms_(2)]or remained unaltered[high frequency(HF):885±652 vs.431±463 ms^(2)].Thus,LF/HF decreased from 4.3±2.3 to 2.5±*** sports-specific fit2dive can help assessing diving fitness by employing HRV ***,this study supports the view that these measures much depend on ***,HRV measures regarding altered autonomic control during exercise will lead to serious misinterpretation:as HR increases,variability decreases.

关键词： Scuba diving Physical fitness Heart rate Heart rate variability Autonomic nervous system

Intracellular Metabolite Transporters in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 21-53页

作者： Nicole Linka andreas RM. Weber Institute of Plant Biochemistry Heinrich-Heine Universit~t D0sseldorf Geb. 26.03.01 Universitsstsstrasse 1 40225 Dasseldorf Germany

Due to the presence of plastids, eukaryotic photosynthetic cells represent the most highly compartmentalized eukaryotic cells. This high degree of compartmentation requires the transport of solutes across intracellular membrane systems by specific membrane transporters. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on functionally characterized intracellular plant membrane transporters and we link transporter functions to Arabidopsis gene identifiers and to the transporter classification system. In addition, we outline challenges in further elucidating the plant membrane permeome and we provide an outline of novel approaches for the functional characterization of membrane transporters.

关键词： Membrane biochemistry molecular transport transporters membrane proteins.

Proteomic Analysis of the Proplastid Envelope Membrane Provides Novel Insights into Small Molecule and Protein Transport across Proplastid Membranes

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1247-1261页

作者： Andrea Brautigam andreas RM. Weber Institut fur Biochemie der Pflanzen Heinrich Heine Universitat Universitatsstrasse 1 D-40225 Dusseldorf Germany Genetics Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

Proplastids are undifferentiated plastids of meristematic tissues that synthesize amino acids for protein synthesis, fatty acids for membrane lipid production, and purines and pyrimidines for DNA and RNA synthesis. Unlike chloroplasts, proplastids depend on supply, with reducing power, energy, and precursor metabolites from the remainder of the cell. Comparing proplastid and chloroplast envelope proteomes and the corresponding transcriptomes of leaves and shoot apex revealed a clearly distinct composition of the proplastid envelope. It is geared towards import of metabolic precursors and export of product metabolites for the rapidly dividing cell. The analysis also suggested a new role for the triosephosphate translocator in meristematic tissues, identified the route of organic nitrogen import into proplastids, and detected an adenine nucleotide exporter. The protein import complex contains the import receptors Toc120 and Toc132 and lacks the redox sensing complex subunits of Tic32, Tic55, and Tic62, which mirrors the expression patterns of the corresponding genes in leaves and the shoot apex. We further show that the protein composition of the internal membrane system is similar to etioplasts, as it is dominated by the ATP synthase complex and thus remarkably differs from that of chloroplast thylakoids.

关键词： Membrane biochemistry proteomics transporters chloroplast biology membrane proteins transcriptome analysis.

Generation of polarized particle beams at relativistic laser intensities

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第4期8卷 44-58页

作者： Markus Büscher Anna Hiitzen Liangliang Ji andreas Lehrach Peter Griinberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JiilichJiilichGermany Institut fur Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universitat DiisseldorfDUsseldorfGermany State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai 201800China JARA-FAME(Forces and Matter Experiments) Forschungszentrum Jiilich and RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institut fur Kemphysik(IKP-4) Forschungszentrum JiilichJiilichGermany

The acceleration of polarized electrons,positrons,protons and ions in strong laser and plasma fields is a very attractive option for obtaining polarized beams in the multi-mega-electron volt ***,there has been substantial progress in the understanding of the dominant mechanisms leading to high degrees of polarization,in the numerical modeling of these processes and in their experimental *** review paper presents an overview on the current state of the field,and on the concepts of polarized laser–plasma accelerators and of beam polarimetry.

关键词： high power laser laser-driven plasma accelerator laser-plasma interactions PIC simulations polarized particle beams

Surgical treatment of metastatic germ cell cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第2期8卷 155-160页

作者： andreas Hiester Peter Albers Department of Urology University of DuesseldorfMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDuesseldorfGermany

Among young men between the ages of 15 and 40 years,germ cell cancer is the most common solid tumor[1].The worldwide incidence of germ cell cancer is 70000 *** to all solid tumors of men,germ cell cancer accounts for 1%of all male ***,the mortality of this rare tumor entity is about 13%since 9507 patients died worldwide of germ cell *** improvement in survival of germ cell cancer patients is due to a multimodal treatment of germ cell cancer including cisplatin-based chemotherapy and surgery leading to higher cure-rates even in advanced stages[1],whereas the increasing incidence of germ cell cancers cannot be thoroughly *** this article we review the current indications for surgery in metastatic germ cell cancers,highlight the strength and weaknesses of techniques and indications and raise the question how to improve surgical treatment in metastatic germ cell cancer.

关键词： Germ cell cancer Metastatic germ cell cancer Retroperitoneal lymphnode dissection Retroperitoneal surgery

Treatment of clinical stage I non-seminoma

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第2期8卷 161-169页

作者： Christian Winter andreas Hiester Department of Urology University of DuesseldorfMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDuesseldorfGermany

Germ cell cancers are the most common solid tumors among men between 15 and 40 ***-seminomatous germ cell tumors(NSGCTs)represent a unique and exclusive cohort of germ cell tumor ***-seminoma can harbor different histologic *** most commonly found histologies are embryonal cell cancer,teratoma,yolk sack tumor and choriocarcinoma,as well as teratocarcinoma and seminoma,in combination with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors histologic *** clinical definition of stage I nonseminoma is the absence of metastatic lesions on imaging and normal tumor *** cure rate for clinical stage I NSGCT is 99%and this can be achieved by three therapeutic strategies:Active surveillance with treatment at the time of relapse,retroperitoneal lymph node dissection or adjuvant *** balancing of these various strategies should always be based on an individual risk profile of NGSCG patient depending on the lymphovascular invasion of the tumor.

关键词： Germ cell tumors Non-seminomatous germ cell tumors Active surveillance Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection