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Geoscience material structures prediction via CALYPSO methodology

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第10期28卷 38-49页

作者： andreas Hermann Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy The University of Edinburgh

Many properties of planets such as their interior structure and thermal evolution depend on the high-pressure properties of their constituent materials. This paper reviews how crystal structure prediction methodology can help shed light on the transformations materials undergo at the extreme conditions inside planets. The discussion focuses on three areas:(i) the propensity of iron to form compounds with volatile elements at planetary core conditions(important to understand the chemical makeup of Earth's inner core),(ii) the chemistry of mixtures of planetary ices(relevant for the mantle regions of giant icy planets), and(iii) examples of mantle minerals. In all cases the abilities and current limitations of crystal structure prediction are discussed across a range of example studies.

关键词： crystal structure prediction core materials planetary ices hydrous minerals

Plasma optics improving plasma accelerators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 1954-1955页

作者： andreas Dopp Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t Munchen GarchingGermany

Plasma accelerators driven by high-power lasers can provide high-energy electron beams on a dramatically smaller scale than conventional radio-frequency ***,the performance of these accelerators is fundamentally limited by the diffraction of the ***-generated plasma waveguides can mitigate this problem and,combined with a controlled injection method for electrons,highlight the potential of novel laser-plasma optics.

关键词： optics Plasma conventional

Numerical micro-texture optimization for lubricated contacts-A critical discussion

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Friction 2022年第11期10卷 1772-1809页

作者： Max MARIAN andreas ALMQVIST andreas ROSENKRANZ Michel FILLON Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago 690411Chile Division of Machine Elements LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden Department of Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and MaterialsFCFMUniversity of ChileSantiago 8370456Chile Institut Pprime CNRSUniversity of PoitiersPoitiers Cedex TSA 4112386073France

Despite numerous experimental and theoretical studies reported in the literature,surface micro-texturing to control friction and wear in lubricated tribo-contacts is still in the trial-and-error *** tribological behaviour and advantageous micro-texture geometries and arrangements largely depend on the contact type and the operating *** scale implementation is hampered by the complexity of numerical *** substantiates the urgent need to numerically design and optimize micro-textures for specific *** these aspects have not been covered by other review articles yet,we aim at summarizing the existing state-of–the art regarding optimization strategies for micro-textures applied in hydrodynamically and elastohydrodynamically lubricated *** analysis demonstrates the great potential of optimization strategies to further tailor micro-textures with the overall aim to reduce friction and wear,thus contributing toward an improved energy efficiency and sustainability.

关键词： micro-texturing hydrodynamics elastohydrodynamics tribo-simulation optimization

SMRs-overview,international developments,safety features and the GRS simulation chain

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 793-809页

作者： andreas SCHAFFRATH andreas WIELENBERG Robert KILGER Armin SEUBERT Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit gGmbH Boltzmannstrasse 1485748 Garching near MunichGermany

The Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)gGmbH as the main technical support organization for the German Federal Government in nuclear safety has been dealing with small modular reactors(SMRs)for about one decade since SMRs are one interesting option for new builds in most countries worldwide which continue to use nuclear energy for commercial electricity *** four different SMR designs are in operation,four in construction,one is licensed,and further 12 are in a licensing *** this paper,definitions,history,and current developments of SMRs are ***,selected trends of SMR development such as factory fabrication and transport,compactness and modularity,core design,improved core cooling,exclusion of accidents,features for preventing and limiting the impact of severe accidents,economic viability,competitiveness and licensing are *** gaps of the GRS simulation chain programs with a view to applications in nuclear licensing procedures are identified and a strategy for closing these gaps is ***,selected work on the extension and improvement of the simulation chain and first generic test analyses are presented.

关键词： small modular reactors(SMRs) history recent developments safety aspects simulation chain of the Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)

Dependence of impact regime boundaries on the initial temperatures of projectiles and targets

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 49-57页

作者： Stefano Signetti andreas Heine Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik Ernst-Mach-InstitutEMIErnst-Zermelo-Str.479104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany

Towards higher impact velocities,ballistic events are increasingly determined by the material *** effects might range from moderate thermal softening to full phase *** particular,it is of great interest to quantify the conditions for incipient or full melting of metals during impact interactions,which result in a transition from still strength-affected to hydrodynamic material *** this work,we investigate to which extent the respective melting thresholds are also dependent on the initial,and generally elevated,temperatures of projectiles and targets before *** is studied through the application of a model developed recently by the authors to characterize the transition regime between high-velocity and hypervelocity impact,for which the melting thresholds of materials were used as the defining *** obtained results are expected to be of general interest for ballistic application cases where projectiles or targets are *** conditions might result,for example,from aerodynamic forces acting onto a projectile during atmospheric flight,explosive shapedcharge-jet formation or armor exposure to environmental *** performed analyses also broaden the scientific understanding of the relevance of temperature in penetration events,generally known since the 1960s,but often not considered thoroughly in impact studies.

关键词： Ballistic impact Thermal effects Metallic targets Energy partitioning Homologous temperature

Recent result from the A2 real photon facility at MAMI

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1120-1126页

作者： andreas Thomas Institut fr Kernphysik University Mainz J.-J. Becherweg 45 D-55099 Mainz Germany

The upgraded MAMI C accelerator is delivering electrons with an energy of 1558 MeV routinely. The A2 collaboration is doing experiments with energy marked polarised real photons produced via ＂Bremsstrahlung＂. Recent results from the GDH-experiment using a longitudinal polarised frozen spin target in combination with the DAPHNE detector and from the Crystal Ball experiment at MAMI are presented.

关键词： photonuclear reactions polarization phenomena in reactions polarized and other targets leptoninduced reactions

High performance computation on beam dynamics problems in high intensity compact cyclotrons

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第S2期54卷 249-254页

作者： ADELMANN andreas Paul Scherrer Institut Villigen CH-5234 Switzerland

This paper presents the research progress in the beam dynamics problems for future high intensity compact cyclotrons by utilizing the state-of-the-art high performance computation technology. A "Start-to-Stop" model, which includes both the interaction of the internal particles of a single bunch and the mutual interaction of neighboring multiple bunches in the radial direction, is established for compact cyclotrons with multi-turn extraction. This model is then implemented in OPAL-CYCL, which is a 3D object-oriented parallel code for large scale particle simulations in cyclotrons. In addition, to meet the running requirement of parallel computation, we have constructed a small scale HPC cluster system and tested its performance. Finally, the high intensity beam dynamics problems in the 100 MeV compact cyclotron, which is being constructed at CIAE, are studied using this code and some conclusions are drawn.

关键词： compact cyclotron space charge effects parallel computation beam dynamics cluster system

The fate of the herbicide propanil in plants of the littoral zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第10期28卷 24-33页

作者： Zhongli Chen andreas Schaffer Institute for Environmental Research(Biology V) RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074Germany. Nanjing University School of the Environment Nanjing 210023China Chongqing University College of Resource and Eavironmental ScienceChongqing 400030China

The anti-seasonal hydrology with 30 m water fluctuations in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)of China attracts growing environmental and ecological *** investigated the biotransformation of the herbicide propanil in plants dominating in the littoral zone of the TGR by applying the 14C-ring-labeled herbicide into non-aseptic hydroponic plant systems(Cynodon dactylon,Nelumbo nucifera and Bidens pilosa),aseptic plants(Lemna minor and Lemna gibba)and cell suspension cultures(*** and ***).(1)Propanil absorbed in plants of the hydroponic systems was(12.46±1.63)%of applied radioactivity(AR)(***),(52.36±6.38)%(***)and(76.55±6.07)%(***),*** 14C-residues in the plant extractable fractions and the corresponding media were confirmed by radio-Thin Layer Chromatography(TLC),radio-High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)and Gas Chromatography-Electron Ionization Mass Spectrometry(GC-EIMS)as propanil,3,4-dichloroaniline(DCA)and N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-β-D-glucopyranosylamine(Glu-DCA).(2)About 8%of AR was taken up by both aseptic plants,from which 7.0%of AR was extracted and identified also as propanfl,DCA and Glu-DCA.(3)Concerning cell suspension cultures,(39.22±9.39)%of AR was absorbed by *** after 72 hr,whereas the accumulated 14C-propanil by *** cell suspension culture amounted to(65.04±1.72)%after 7 *** identified compounds in cell cultures are consistent with those in the tested *** of the pesticide residues in the intact plants were un-extractable,which are recognized as the end of the detoxificafion *** therefore consider these plants as suitable for the phytoremediation of the herbicide propanil in the TGR region.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) Propanil Plant degradation Non-extractable residues(NER)

REGENERATION FACTOR 1, a peptide boost for wound healing and plant biotechnology

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1333-1334页

作者： andreas Schaller University of Hohenheim Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry70593 StuttgartGermany

Plants respond to wounding such as caused by insect herbivores by activating their defenses and thus increasing their resistance against attacking pests and opportunistic pathogens(Howe and Schaller,2008).The phenomenon was first described more than 50 years ago by Green and Ryan,who reported that wounding triggers tomato and potato plants to produce proteinase inhibitors that inhibit digestive proteases in the gut of leaf-eating insects to starve them of nutrients(Green and Ryan,1972).They also observed that the accumulation of proteinase inhibitors is not restricted to wounded leaves but occurs throughout the aerial parts of the *** search for a chemical signal that is released locally in response to wounding and that mediates systemic activation of defense gene expression led to the identification of systemin,the first ever peptide with hormonelike activity in plants(Pearce et al.,1991).These seminal findings sparked much research into systemic defense responses and peptide signaling in general,and we know now that systemin is one of many phytocytokines that regulate a multitude of immune responses in plants(Schilmiller and Howe,2005;Gust et al.,2017).

关键词： wound activation defense