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Eco-evolutionary evidence for the global diversity pattern of Cycas(Cycadaceae)

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1170-1191页

作者： jian Liu anders jLindstrom Yiqing Gong Shanshan Dong Yusheng(Chris)Liu Shouzhou Zhang Xun Gong CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Global Biodiversity Conservancy 144/124 Moo3Soi Bua ThongBangsalaeSattahipChonburi 20250Thailand Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity Fairy Lake Botanical GardenShenzhen&Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518004China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indiana University-IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202USA

The evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient(LDG),characterized by a peak in diversity toward the tropics,has captured significant attention in evolutionary biology and ***,the inverse LDG(i-LDG)mechanism,wherein species richness increases toward the poles,remains inadequately *** are among one of the oldest lineages of extant seed plants and have undergone extensive diversification in the ***,the extant cycad abundance exhibits an i-LDG pattern,and the underlying causes for this phenomenon remain largely ***,using 1,843 nuclear genes from a nearly complete sampling,we conducted comprehensive phylogenomic analyses to establish a robust species-level phylogeny for Cycas,the largest genus within *** then reconstructed the spatial-temporal dynamics and integrated global environmental data to evaluate the roles of species ages,diversification rates,contemporary environment,and conservatism to ancestral niches in shaping the i-LDG *** found Cycas experienced decreased diversification rates,coupled with the cooling temperature since its origin in the Eocene from continental *** regions have distinctively contributed to the formation of i-LDG for Cycas,with the northern hemisphere acting as evolutionary museums and the southern hemisphere serving as ***,water-related climate variables,specifically precipitation seasonality and potential evapotranspiration,were identified as paramount factors constraining Cycas species richness in the rainforest biome near the ***,the adherence to ancestral monsoonal climates emerges as a critical factor in sustaining the diversity *** study underscores the imperative of integrating both evolutionary and ecological approaches to comprehensively unravel the mechanisms underpinning global biodiversity patterns.

关键词： cycads latitudinal diversity gradient niche conservatism spatiotemporal diversification species richness

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker jonathan L.Robinson jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

Genomic selection in plant breeding:Key factors shaping two decades of progress

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 552-578页

作者： Admas Alemu johanna Astrand Osval A.Montesinos-López julio Isidro y Sanchez javier Fernandez-Gónzalez Wuletaw Tadesse Ramesh R.Vetukuri anders S.Carlsson Alf Ceplitis joséCrossa Rodomiro Ortiz Aakash Chawade Department of Plant Breeding Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden Lantmannen Lantbruk SvalövSweden Facultad de Telematica University de ColimaColimaColima 28040Mexico Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(CBGP UPM-INIA)Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Campus de Montegancedo-UPM28223 MadridSpain International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) RabatMorocco International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Km 45Carretera México-VeracruzTexcocoMéxico 52640Mexico

Genomic selection,the application of genomic prediction(GP)models to select candidate individuals,has significantly advanced in the past two decades,effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant *** article provides a holistic overview of key factors that have influenced GP in plant breeding during this *** delved into the pivotal roles of training population size and genetic diversity,and their relationship with the breeding population,in determining GP *** emphasis was placed on optimizing training population *** explored its benefits and the associated diminishing returns beyond an optimum *** was done while considering the balance between resource allocation and maximizing prediction accuracy through current optimization *** density and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,level of linkage disequilibrium,genetic complexity,trait heritability,statistical machine-learning methods,and non-additive effects are the other vital *** wheat,maize,and potato as examples,we summarize the effect of these factors on the accuracy of GP for various *** search for high accuracy in GP—theoretically reaching one when using the Pearson’s correlation as a metric—is an active research area as yet far from optimal for various *** hypothesize that with ultra-high sizes of genotypic and phenotypic datasets,effective training population optimization methods and support from other omics approaches(transcriptomics,metabolomics and proteomics)coupled with deep-learning algorithms could overcome the boundaries of current limitations to achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy,making genomic selection an effective tool in plant breeding.

关键词： genomic selection genetic gain genomic prediction optimization deep learning training population optimization

Androgen deprivation therapy and side effects:are GnRH antagonists safer?

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Asian journal of Andrology 2021年第1期23卷 3-10页

作者： Stephen j Freedland Per-anders Abrahamsson Division of Urology Department of SurgeryCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048USA Section of Urology Durham VA Medical CenterDurhamNC 27705USA Department of Urology SkSne University HospitalLund UniversityMalmo 20502Sweden.

Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)with gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)agonists and antagonists is the mainstay of advanced prostate cancer *** drug classes decrease levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormones(FSH),thereby lowering testosterone to castrate *** is associated with adverse events(AEs),including cardiovascular(CV)disorders,bone fractures,metabolic dysfunction,and impaired cognitive *** literature review discusses these AEs,with a focus on CV and bone-related events.A hypothesis-generating meta-analysis of six clinical trials showed a potentially increased risk for CV disorders with GnRH agonists versus the GnRH antagonist *** no study has directly compared GnRH agonists versus antagonists with a primary CV outcome,one hypothesis for this observation is that GnRH agonists lead to initial surges in FSH that may negatively impact CV health,whereas antagonists do *** agonists are associated with metabolic and cognitive AEs and while data are lacking for GnRH antagonists,no differences in risk are *** common AEs with ADT include injection site reactions,which are much more common with degarelix than with GnRH agonists,which may reflect differing administration and injection *** studies are needed to further evaluate and compare the safety profiles of GnRH agonists and antagonists,especially in patients with pre-existing CV disease and other *** should carefully evaluate benefits and risks when prescribing ADT and ensure that side effects are well managed.

关键词： androgen antagonists metabolic syndrome prostate cancer safety

Effects of low-oxygen conditions on embryo growth in the painted turtle,Chrysemys picta

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第2期12卷 148-156页

作者： Gerardo A.CORDERO Matthew L.KARNATZ jon C.svendsen Eric j.GANGLOFF Department of Ecology Evolutionand Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA Technical University of Denmark National Institute of Aquatic ResourcesFreshwater FisheriesSilkeborgDenmark Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of PortoPortoPortugal

Low-oxygen conditions(hypoxia;<21%O_(2))are considered unfavorable for growth;yet,embryos of many vertebrate taxa develop successfully in hypoxic subterranean *** enhanced tolerance to hypoxia has been demonstrated in adult reptiles,such as in the painted turtle(Chrysemys picta),its effects on sensitive embryo life stages warrant *** tested the hypothesis that short-term hypoxia negatively affects growth during day 40 of development in ***,when O_(2) demands are highest in embryos.A brief,but severe,hypoxic event(5%O_(2) for 0.5 h)moderately affected embryo growth,causing a 13%reduction in mass(relative to a normoxic control).The same condition had no effect during day 27;instead,a nearly anoxic event(1%O_(2) for 72 h)caused a 5%mass *** embryos survived the egg incubation *** study supports the assumption that reptilian embryos are resilient to intermittently low O_(2) in subterranean *** work is needed to ascertain responses to suboptimal O_(2) levels while undergoing dynamic changes in developmental physiology.

关键词： embryo metabolism embryo respiration growth rate nest environment oxygen consumption rate

Efficacy and dose response of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第28期29卷 4451-4465页

作者： Christopher j Martoni Shalini Srivastava anders Damholt Gregory j Leyer Clinical Development Human HealthChr.Hansen A/SHoersholm 2970Denmark Clinical Development Vedic LifesciencesMumbai 400053India Scientific Affairs Human HealthChr.Hansen A/SHoersholm 2970Denmark

BACKGROUND Probiotics have shown promise in alleviating symptoms of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D);however,the certainty of evidence is *** randomized controlled dose-ranging trials are warranted on promising single-strain *** To investigate the clinical efficacy of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum(***)Lpla33(DSM34428)in adults with *** This is a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multi-center,and doseranging *** hundred and seven adults,18-70 years of age,with IBS-D,according to Rome IV criteria,were allocated(1:1:1)to receive placebo or *** Lpla33 at 1×10^(9)(1B)or 1×10^(10)(10B)colony-forming units/d over an 8-wk intervention *** primary outcome was the change in IBS severity scoring system(IBS-SSS)total score after 8 wk,while secondary and exploratory outcomes included abdominal pain severity,IBS related quality of life,stool and microbial profile,and perceived *** IBS-SSS was significantly reduced,after 8 wk,in participants receiving *** 1B(-128.45±83.30;P<0.001)and *** 10B(-156.77±99.06;P<0.001),compared to placebo(-58.82±74.75).Further,a dose-ranging effect was observed,with a greater absolute reduction in the *** 10B group(P<0.05).A reduction in sub-scores related to abdominal pain,abdominal distension,bowel habits,and quality of life was observed in both *** groups compared to placebo(P<0.001).Further,62.5%and 88.4%of participants administered *** 1B and 10B,respectively,were classified as stool consistency responders based on a reduction in diarrheal stool form,as compared to 26.3%in the placebo group(P<0.001).In contrast,no significant shifts were observed in microbial *** *** Lpla33(DSM34428)is well tolerated and improves IBS symptom severity with a dose-ranging effect and a corresponding normalization of bowel habits in adults with IBS-D.

关键词： Randomized clinical trial Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome Microbiome Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

EUS-guided drainage is more successful in pancreatic pseudocysts compared with abscesses

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第4期17卷 499-505页

作者： Riadh Sadik Evangelos Kalaitzakis anders Thune jan Hansen Claes jnson Institute of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Institute of Medicine Department of Surgery Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg

AIM: To compare the results for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage of clear fluid pancreatic pseudocysts with the results for abscess drainage. METHODS: All patients referred for endoscopic drainage of a fluid collection were prospectively included. The outcome was recorded. RESULTS: Altogether 26 pseudocysts or abscesses were treated in 25 (6 female) patients. One endoscopist performed the procedures. Non-infected pseudocysts were present in 15 patients and 10 patients had infected fluid collections. The cyst size ranged between 28 cm × 13 cm and 5 cm × 5 cm. The EUS drainage was successful in 94% of the pseudocysts and in 80% of the abscesses (P = 0.04). The complication rate in pseudocysts was 6% and in abscesses was 30% (P = 0.02). Recurrence of a pseudocyst occurred in one patient (4%) after 6 mo; the patient was successfully retreated. CONCLUSION: EUS-guided drainage of pseudocysts is associated with a higher success rate and a lower complication rate compared with abscess drainage.

关键词： Pancreas Endoscopic ultrasound Drainage Pseudocyst Abscess

Extra-pair paternity and antiparasitic defence

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 391-397页

作者： anders Pape Møller jørgen Skavdal Søraker juan joséSoler Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Ecologie Systématique et Evolution UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRSAgroParisTech91405 OrsayFrance Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics Department of BiologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyHøgskoleringen 5No-7491TrondheimNorway Depto.Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva Estación Experimental de ZonasÁridasCtra.Sacramento S/NLa Cañada de San Urbano04120 AlmeríaSpain

Background:Extra-pair paternity(EPP)in birds provides benefits in terms of more offspring,and characteristics for maintenance of this behaviour have been the subject of *** are known to be transmitted during mating,especially when mating with multiple partners,and factors reducing this cost of multiple mating are ***,plumage brightness and colour intensity have been shown to be important traits to benefits from multiple mating as predicted by sexual *** aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the rate of extra-pair paternity and the relative size of the uropygial gland at the interspecific level,as the uropygial gland is an exocrine gland hypothesized to produce antiparasitic substances and further identified to affect plumage *** of the expected benefits of large uropygial gland in scenarios of sexual selection,we predicted a positive correlation with ***:We collected information from the literature of uropygial gland size and frequency of extra-pair paternity of 60 avian species of different families and explored the predicted positive correlation between *** did so with means of comparative analyses that considered phylogenetic relationship as random factor and included body mass as *** used Markov chain Monte Carlo generalized linear mixed models that were weighted by number of nests used to estimate extra-pair ***:We detected a positive relationship between level of extra-pair paternity and uropygial gland size at an interspecific *** finding is consistent with the ***:We discuss the importance of this result in scenarios of sexual selection and argue that the detected relationship may have arisen by utilizing antiparasitic secretions through secondary sexual characters indicating parasite resistance.

关键词： Antiparasitic defence Costs of extra-pair paternity Microorganisms Uropygial gland Uropygial secretions

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芬兰驻新德里大使馆翻新印度新德里

世界建筑导报 2024年第2期39卷 96-99页

作者： juho Grönholm Antti Nousjoki janne Teräsvirta Samuli Woolston Simo Nuojua Harri Ahokas anders jönsson Lotta Kindberg Mirja Sillanpää Sari Vesanen Tuomas Uusheimo(摄影) ALA建筑师事务所不详

皮耶蒂莱夫妇(Reima and Raili Pietilä)赢得了1963年的芬兰大使馆设计竞赛,该大使馆位于新德里查卡雅布里的外交飞地,参赛作品美而有力,名为“雪在山上说”。经过长时间的拖延,该项目于1980年被正式委托,并在原有概念的基础上重新进行... 详细信息

皮耶蒂莱夫妇(Reima and Raili Pietilä)赢得了1963年的芬兰大使馆设计竞赛,该大使馆位于新德里查卡雅布里的外交飞地,参赛作品美而有力,名为“雪在山上说”。经过长时间的拖延,该项目于1980年被正式委托,并在原有概念的基础上重新进行了设计。大使馆最终于1986年开放,1960年设计的巨大单体屋顶被分成六个独立建筑,围绕在一个中心花园周围。雕塑般的屋顶,这是大使馆最显著的建筑特征,类似于芬兰北部库萨莫附近的雪湖Kitkajärvi。

关键词：中心花园设计竞赛印度新德里芬兰