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Uncertainty-aware molecular dynamics from Bayesian active learning for phase transformations and thermal transport in SiC

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2000-2007页

作者： Yu Xie Jonathan Vandermause Senja Ramakers Nakib H.Protik anders Johansson Boris Kozinsky John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering Robert Bosch GmbHRenningenUSA Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation Ruhr-Universität BochumBochumGermany Robert Bosch LLC Research and Technology CenterWatertownMAUSA

Machine learning interatomic force fields are promising for combining high computational efficiency and accuracy in modeling quantum interactions and simulating atomistic *** learning methods have been recently developed to train force fields efficiently and *** them,Bayesian active learning utilizes principled uncertainty quantification to make data acquisition *** this work,we present a general Bayesian active learning workflow,where the force field is constructed from a sparse gaussian process regression model based on atomic cluster expansion *** circumvent the high computational cost of the sparse gaussian process uncertainty calculation,we formulate a high-performance approximate mapping of the uncertainty and demonstrate a speedup of several orders of *** demonstrate the autonomous active learning workflow by training a Bayesian force field model for silicon carbide(SiC)polymorphs in only a few days of computer time and show that pressure-induced phase transformations are accurately *** resulting model exhibits close agreement with both ab initio calculations and experimental measurements,and outperforms existing empirical models on vibrational and thermal *** active learning workflow readily generalizes to a wide range of material systems and accelerates their computational understanding.

关键词： computer thermal utilize

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Sexual dichromatism and assortative mating by multiple plumage color traits in wild Chestnut Thrush

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 165-169页

作者： Yingqiang Lou Lijun Chen Qingshan Zhao anders Pape Moller Yun Fang Yuehua Sun Key Laborafory of Aninal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institufe of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101 China state Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Ervironmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Ecologie Systematique Evoluution Universite Paris Sud CNRSAgroParisTechUniversitéParis-SaclayF-91405Oray CedexFrance

Sex differences in plumage color are common in bird *** bird species are regarded as sexually monochromatic in human visual systems,and in recent years,some species are found to be of cryptic(to human)sexual dichromatism by spectrophotometric ***,the functions of plumage color are still less understood in these ***,we focused on plumage color traits in the Chestnut Thrush(Turdus rubrocanus),which is considered as a sexually monochromatic bird by human *** used spectrometer analyses and avian visual modeling to investigate the color traits of males and females,and whether these color traits are involved in assortative *** found that Chestnut Thrush showed sexual dichromatism in bill,throat and wing,and pairs mated assortatively with colorations of throat,chest,crown and *** also found that color of tarsus was different between two consecutive *** results revealed that Chestnut Thrush is sexually dichromatic in the avian visual system,and plumage color traits play important roles in mate choice.

关键词： Assortative mating Avian vision Plumage coloration Sexual selection

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沃纳斯艺术(Wanas Konst)雕塑公园:森林里的海洋

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艺术与设计（理论版） 2024年第6期 6-9页

作者：爱丽丝·戈德温安德斯·诺塞尔(摄影) 张倩倩(译) 不详

在瑞典南部斯科讷省的葱郁森林中,隐藏着一处将艺术与自然完美融合的圣地——沃纳斯艺术(Wanas Konst)雕塑公园。这里不仅是艺术家们挥洒才华的舞台,更是参观者寻求心灵宁静与启发的避风港。今年的展览“森林中的海洋”更是将这一理念... 详细信息

在瑞典南部斯科讷省的葱郁森林中,隐藏着一处将艺术与自然完美融合的圣地——沃纳斯艺术(Wanas Konst)雕塑公园。这里不仅是艺术家们挥洒才华的舞台,更是参观者寻求心灵宁静与启发的避风港。今年的展览“森林中的海洋”更是将这一理念推向了新的高度。

关键词：雕塑公园沃纳避风港参观者森林海洋完美融合艺术

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Life-cycle Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Capture for Enhanced Oil Recovery

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2008年第3期16卷 343-353页

作者： Edgar g. Hertwich Martin Aaberg Bhawna Singh anders H. StrФmman Industrial Ecology Programme Norwegian University of Technology （NTNU） 7491 Trondheim Norway Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Technology （NTNU） 7491 Trondheim Norway DNV Energy Region Nordic and Eurasia Veritasveien 11322 HФvik Norway

技术是的二氧化碳俘获和存储( CCS )的发展和推广挪威的政府工程的气候 strategy.A 数字的一块奠基石当前沿着挪威的韦斯特海岸被评估/计划，在从这个工程的 ***2 的将在 Halten 油田为提高的油的回收部分地被利用，在挪威的海。我们学... 详细信息

技术是的二氧化碳俘获和存储( CCS )的发展和推广挪威的政府工程的气候 strategy.A 数字的一块奠基石当前沿着挪威的韦斯特海岸被评估/计划，在从这个工程的 ***2 的将在 Halten 油田为提高的油的回收部分地被利用，在挪威的海。我们学习如此的 system.A 的一个潜在的图案有 832 MW 的粗野权力产量的联合周期动力厂作为溶剂用胺基于燃烧以后的俘获与 CO2 俘获植物被相结合。捕获的 CO2 被用于提高的油的回收(EOR ) 。我们采用一个混合生命周期评价(LCA ) 估计系统的环境影响的方法。站台的修正和操作的学习焦点在 *** 期间分配连接到 CO2 的俘获到连接到 CO2 的运输和存储到生产的油的电生产，和影响的影响。我们的学习由 80% ～ 75 g ·(kW · h 从权力生产显示出温室气体排出物的实质的减小)^(-1) 。它也显示与采油每单位量油生产了联系的排出物的减小，主要由于增加的采油。如果另外的力量需求从陆地由于 EOR 导致电源，减小是特别重要的。

关键词：石油回采捕集 CO2 全周期评估

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From Prototype to Inference:A Pipeline to Apply Deep Learning in Sorghum Panicle Detection

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第1期5卷 94-109页

作者： Chrisbin James Yanyang gu Andries Potgieter Etienne David Simon Madec Wei guo Frédéric Baret anders Eriksson Scott Chapman School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Arvalis Institut du VégétalParisFrance graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ParisFrance

Head(panicle)density is a major component in understanding crop yield,especially in crops that produce variable numbers of tillers such as sorghum and *** of panicle density both in plant breeding and in the agronomy scouting of commercial crops typically relies on manual counts observation,which is an inefficient and tedious *** of the easy availability of red–green–blue images,machine learning approaches have been applied to replacing manual ***,much of this research focuses on detection per se in limited testing conditions and does not provide a general protocol to utilize deep-learning-based *** this paper,we provide a comprehensive pipeline from data collection to model deployment in deep-learning-assisted panicle yield estimation for *** pipeline provides a basis from data collection and model training,to model validation and model deployment in commercial *** model training is the foundation of the ***,in natural environments,the deployment dataset is frequently different from the training data(domain shift)causing the model to fail,so a robust model is essential to build a reliable *** we demonstrate our pipeline in a sorghum field,the pipeline can be generalized to other grain *** pipeline provides a high-resolution head density map that can be utilized for diagnosis of agronomic variability within a field,in a pipeline built without commercial software.

关键词： crops breeding utilize

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A predictive chance constraint rebalancing approach to mobility-on-demand services

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Communications in Transportation Research 2023年第1期3卷 107-117页

作者： Sten Elling Tingstad Jacobsen anders Lindman Balázs Kulcsár Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg41258Sweden Volvo Cars AB Gothenburg41878Sweden

This paper considers the problem of supply-demand imbalances in Mobility-on-Demand(MoD)*** imbalances occur due to uneven stochastic travel demand and can be mitigated by proactively rebalancing empty vehicles to areas where the demand is *** achieve this,we propose a method that takes into account uncertainties of predicted travel demand while minimizing pick-up time and rebalance mileage for autonomous MoD *** precisely,first travel demand is predicted using gaussian Process Regression(gPR)which provides uncertainty bounds on the *** then formulate a stochastic model predictive control(MPC)for the autonomous ride-hailing service and integrate the demand predictions with uncertainty *** order to guarantee constraint satisfaction in the optimization under estimated stochastic demand prediction,we employ a probabilistic constraining method with user-defined confidence interval,using Chance Constrained MPC(CCMPC).The benefits of the proposed method are ***,travel demand uncertainty prediction from data can naturally be embedded into the MoD optimization framework,allowing us to keep the imbalance at each station below a certain threshold with a user-defined ***,CCMPC can be relaxed into a Mixed-Integer-Linear-Program(MILP)and the MILP can be solved as a corresponding Linear-Program,which always admits an integral *** transportation simulations show that by tuning the confidence bound on the chance constraint,close to optimal oracle performance can be achieved,with a median customer wait time reduction of 4%compared to using only the mean prediction of the gPR.

关键词： Mobility-on-Demand Travel demand uncertainty Fleet optimization gaussian process regression Chance constraint optimization Energy efficiency

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Why are sexually selected weapons almost absent in females？

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 564-568页

作者： anders BERgLUND Department of Ecology and genetics/Animal Ecology Uppsala University Norbyv. 18d 752 36 Uppsala Sweden

In sex role reversed species, predominantly females evolve sexually selected traits, such as ornaments and/or weapons. Female ornaments are common and their function well documented in many species, whether sex role reversed or not. However, sexually selected female weapons seem totally absent except for small wing spurs in three jacana species, present in both males and females. This poor female weaponry is in sharp contrast to the situation in species with conventional sex roles: males commonly have evolved sexually selected weapons as well as ornaments. At the same time, females in many taxa have naturally selected weapons, used in competition over resources or in predator defence. Why are sexually selected weapons then so rare, almost absent, in females? Here I briefly review weaponry in females and the function of these weapons, conclude that the near absence of sexually selected weapons begs an explanation, and suggest that costs of sexually selected weapons may exceed costs of ornaments. Females are more constrained when evolving sexually selected traits compared to males, at least compared to those males that do not provide direct benefits, as trait costs reduce a female’s fecundity. I suggest that this constraining trade-off between trait and fecundity restricts females to evolve ornaments but rarely weapons. The same may apply to paternally investing males. Whether sexually selected weapons actually are more costly than sexually selected ornaments remains to be investigated.

关键词：武器女性选择性状自然选择男性饰品性别物种

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Bottom-up approaches to microLEDs emitting red, green and blue light based on gaN nanowires and relaxed IngaN platelets

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第1期32卷 1-10页

作者：毕朝霞 anders gustafsson Lars Samuelson anders gustafsson and Lars Samuelson Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityBox 118SE-22100 LundSweden

Miniaturization of light-emitting diodes(LEDs) with sizes down to a few micrometers has become a hot topic in both academia and industry due to their attractive applications on self-emissive displays for high-definition televisions,augmented/mixed realities and head-up displays, and also on optogenetics, high-speed light communication, etc. The conventional top-down technology uses dry etching to define the LED size, leading to damage to the LED side *** sizes of microLEDs approach the carrier diffusion length, the damaged side walls play an important role, reducing microLED performance significantly from that of large area LEDs. In this paper, we review our efforts on realization of microLEDs by direct bottom-up growth, based on selective area metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy. The individual LEDs based on either gaN nanowires or IngaN platelets are smaller than 1 μm in our approach. Such nano-LEDs can be used as building blocks in arrays to assemble microLEDs with different sizes, avoiding the side wall damage by dry etching encountered for the top-down approach. The technology of IngaN platelets is especially interesting since IngaN quantum wells emitting red, green and blue light can be grown on such platelets with a low-level of strain by changing the indium content in the IngaN platelets. This technology is therefore very attractive for highly efficient microLEDs of three primary colors for displays.

关键词： microLEDs RgB gaN IngaN

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The vascular endothelial growth factor system-a new player in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第6期12卷 963-965页

作者： Henning grønbæk anders Mellemkjær Søren Nielsen Faidon Magkos Department of Hepatology&gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark Clinical Institute Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus Aarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark Department of Nutrition Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark

The pathogenesis of liver disease from simple steatosis-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)-and the transition to inflammation and fibrosis-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(... 详细信息

关键词： Vascular endothelial growth factor B(VEgF-B) metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)

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Extreme climatic events in relation to global change and their impact on life histories

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 375-389页

作者： Juan MORENO anders Pape Moller Departamento de Ecologia Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC C/Jod Gutierrez Abascal 2 E-28006 Madrid Spain Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systematique et Evolution CNRS UMR 8079 Universite Paris-Sud Bfttiment 362 F-91405 Orsay Cedex Franc

Extreme weather conditions occur at an increasing rate as evidenced by higher frequency of hurricanes and more extreme precipitation and temperature anomalies. Such extreme environmental conditions will have important implications for all living organisms through greater frequency of reproductive failure and reduced adult survival. We review examples of reproductive failure and reduced survival related to extreme weather conditions. Phenotypic plasticity may not be sufficient to allow adaptation to extreme weather for many animals. Theory predicts reduced reproductive effort as a response to increased stochasticity. We predict that patterns of natural selection will change towards truncation selection as environmental conditions become more extreme. Such changes in patterns of selection may facilitate adaptation to extreme events. However, effects of selection on reproductive effort are difficult to detect. We present a number of predictions for the effects of extreme weather conditions in need of empirical tests. Finally, we suggest a number of empirical reviews that could improve our ability to judge the effects of extreme environmental conditions on life history.

关键词：极端气候事件全球变化生命极端气候条件极端环境理论预测天气条件表型可塑性

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