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Swedish Response to COVID-19

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China CDC weekly 2020年第43期2卷 841-843页

作者： Johan Carlson anders Tegnell Public Health Agency Sweden SolnaSweden

Editorial Among the global responses to COVID-19,Sweden’s response has received both praise and criticism for the implementation of certain *** paper,provided by Public Health Agency Sweden’s Director General Johan Carlson and State Epidemiologist anders Tegnell,describes the main goals of Sweden’s public health response:minimizing transmission,mortality,and morbidity;minimizing other negative health effects and externalities of the pandemic;and safeguarding essential services in the *** some of the stances or strategies described may differ from China CDC’s recommendations or other measures adopted in China,China CDC Weekly seeks to act as a platform for global voices to disseminate and discuss a variety of viewpoints to achieve an improved,mutual understanding of our counterparts.

关键词： mutual Director Sweden

Why cuckoos should parasitize parrotbills by laying eggs randomly rather than laying eggs matching the egg appearance of parrotbill hosts?

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Chinese Birds 2015年第2期6卷 53-59页

作者： Canchao Yang Fugo Takasu Wei Liang anders P Moller Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Plant and Animal Ecology College of Life SciencesHainan Normal University Department of Information and Computer Sciences Nara Women’s University Laboratoired’Ecologie Systématique et EvolutionCNRS UMR 8079Universite Paris-Sud

The coevolutionary interaction between cuckoos and their hosts has been studied for a long time, but to date some puzzles still remain unsolved. Whether cuckoos parasitize their hosts by laying eggs randomly or matching the egg morphs of their hosts is one of the mysteries of the cuckoo problem. Scientists tend to believe that cuckoos lay eggs matching the appearance of host eggs due to selection caused by the ability of the hosts to recognize their own *** this paper, we first review previous empirical studies to test this mystery and found no studies have provided direct evidence of cuckoos choosing to parasitize host nests where egg color and pattern match. We then present examples of unmatched cuckoo eggs in host nests and key life history traits of cuckoos, e.g. secretive behavior and rapid egg-laying and link them to cuckoo egg laying behavior. Finally we develop a conceptual model to demonstrate the egg laying behaviour of cuckoos and propose an empirical test that can provide direct evidence of the egg-laying properties of female cuckoos. We speculate that the degree of egg matching between cuckoo eggs and those of the host as detected by humans is caused by the ability of the hosts to recognize their own eggs, rather than the selection of matching host eggs by cuckoos. The case of Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) and their parrotbill hosts(Paradoxornis alphonsianus), where it has been shown that both have evolved polymorphic eggs(mainly blue and white), was used to develop a conceptual model to demonstrate why cuckoos should utilize parrotbill hosts by laying eggs randomly rather than laying eggs matching the appearance of host *** conclusion, we found no evidence for the hypothesis that cuckoos lay eggs based on own egg color matching that of the parrotbill-cuckoo system. We argue theoretically that laying eggs matching those of the hosts in this system violates a key trait of the life history of cuckoos and therefore should be maladaptive.

关键词： Host imprint Egg laying behavior Egg color Host selection Common cuckoo Egg polymorphy

Prey reduce risk-taking and abundance in the proximity of predators

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 591-598页

作者： anders. R MФLLER Zbigniew KWIECINSKI Piotr TRYJANOWSKI Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris-Sud CNRS AgroParisTech Universite Paris-Saclay Orsay Cedex F-91405 France blnstitute of Zoology Poznan University of Life Science Wojska Polskiego 71C Poznan PL-60-625 Poland

Prey have evolved anti-predator defences that reduce or eliminate the risk of predation. Predators often reproduce at specific sites over many years causing permanent threats to local prey species. Such prey may respond by moving elsewhere thereby reducing local population abundance, or they may stay put and adjust their behavior to the presence of predators. We tested these predictions by analyzing population abundance and anti-predator behavior within 100 m of and 500 m away from nests of sparrowhawks Accipiter nisus and goshawks A. gentilis for 80 species of birds. Population abundance of prey was reduced by 11% near goshawk nests and by 15% near sparrowhawk nests when compared with nearby control sites in similar habitats. Flight initiation distance （FID） of prey, estimated as the distance at which birds took flight when approached by a human, increased by 50% in the presence of hawk nests, providing evidence of adjustment of anti-predator behavior to prevailing risks of predation. Susceptibility to predation was estimated as log transformed abundance of the observed number of prey items obtained from prey remains collected around nests minus log transformed expected number of prey according to point counts of breeding birds. FID increased from 10 to 46 m with increasing susceptibility of prey species to predation by the goshawk and from 12 to 15 m with increasing susceptibility of prey species to predation by the sparrowhawk. These findings suggest that prey adjust their distribution and anti-predator behavior to the risk of predation.

关键词： accipiter hawks FID flight initiation distance goshawk population abundance prey preference sparrowhawk.

ARCHITECTURE AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION FOR ROBOTS TO NAVIGATE IN UNKNOWN INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2005年第3期18卷 366-370页

作者： Li Wenfeng Christensen I. Henrik Oreback anders College of Logistics Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430063 China Centre for Autonomous Systems Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden

It is discussed with the design and implementation of an architecture for a mobile robot to navigate in dynamic and anknown indoor environments. The architecture is based on the framework of Open Robot Control Software at KTH （OROCOS@KTH）, which is also discussed and evaluated to navigate indoor efficiently, a new algorithm named door-like-exit detection is proposed which employs 2D feature oft. door and extracts key points of pathway from the raw data of a laser scanner. As a hybrid architecture, it is decomposed into several basic components which can be classified as either deliberative or reactive. Each component can concurrently execute and communicate with another. It is expansible and transferable and its components are reusable.

关键词： Indoor navigation Architecture Framework Component Mobile robots

Distributed Control Using Positive Quadratic Programming

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Distributed Control Using Positive Quadratic Programming

The role of hypogonadism in Klinefelter Syndrome

第三十届中国控制会议

作者： RANTZER anders Automatic Control LTH Lund UniversityBox 118SE-22100 LundSweden

ISBN: (纸本)9789881725592

＜正＞State space descriptions with nonnegative coefficients define an important class of dynamical systems,so-called positive systems,with many applications in science and *** particular,they appear naturally in the study of electrical power *** systems have properties that are particularly attractive for distributed *** example,they allow stability to be verified without conservatism in a distributed ***,optimal controllers with constraints can be designed using Positive Quadratic *** is a special case of standard quadratic programming,which exploits positivity of coefficients in objective function and *** technique is here illustrated by examples from electrical networks.

关键词： Distributed Control Optimal Power Flow Positive Systems

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第2期16卷 185-191,I0007页

作者： Christian Host Anne Skakkeb k Kristian A Groth anders Bojesen Departments of Pediatrics Endocrinology and Internal Medicine (MEA) Molecular Medicine Cardiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Department of Clinical Genetics Vejle Hospital Vejlep Institute of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark.

Klinefelter syndrome （KS）（47, XXY） is the most abundant sex-chromosome disorder, and is a common cause of infertility and hypogonadism in men. Most men with KS go through life without knowing the diagnosis, as only 25% are diagnosed and only a few of these before puberty. Apart from hypogonadism and azoospermia, most men with KS suffer from some degree of learning disability and may have various kinds of psychiatric problems. The effects of long-term hypogonadism may be difficult to discern from the gene dose effect of the extra X-chromosome. Whatever the cause, alterations in body composition, with more fat and less muscle mass and diminished bone mineral mass, as well as increased risk of metabolic consequences, such as type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome are all common in KS. These findings should be a concern as they are not simply laboratory findings; epidemiological studies in KS populations show an increased risk of beth hospitalization and death from various diseases. Testosterone treatment should be offered to KS patients from early puberty, to secure a proper masculine development, nonetheless the evidence is weak or nonexisting, since no randomized controlled trials have ever been published. Here, we will review the current knowledge of hypogonadism in KS and the rationale for testosterone treatment and try to give our best recommendations for surveillance of this rather common, but often ignored, syndrome.

关键词： androgen receptor body composition bone density hypogonadism infertility Klinefelter syndrome learning disorders male testosterone

Evidence for Mesoproterozoic collision,deep burial and rapid exhumation of garbenschiefer in the Namaqua Front,South Africa

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 511-531页

作者： Valby Van Schijndel David HCornell Robert Anczkiewicz anders Schersten Department of Earth Sciences University of GothenburgSE-40530Sweden Department of Earth Sciences University of StellenboschPrivate Bag X1Matieland7602South Africa Institute of Geological Sciences Polish Academy of SciencesKrakow Research CentreUl.Senacka 131-002KrakowPoland Lund University Department of GeologyS€olvegatan 12SE-22362LundSweden University of Potsdam Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences14476PotsdamGermany

Metamorphic provinces such as the^1 Ga Grenvillian,~400 Ma Caledonide and Triassic Qinling Provinces often contain rocks with high-pressure assemblages such as eclogites,which formed at mantle depths in subduction *** are evidence of the accretion of terranes by subduction of oceans and collision to form large tectonostratigraphic *** Mesoproterozoic Namaqua-Natal Province comprises a number of terranes thought to have been assembled by plate-tectonic processes,but they have generally yielded metamorphic pressures below 5 kbar,corresponding to<20 km,crustal depths,lacking evidence for subduction *** Kaaien Terrane in the Namaqua Front contains two large garbenschiefer units with the unusual paragenesis garnet-hornblende-epidote-white *** protoliths are graywackes influenced by andesitic volcanism during their deposition at^1870 Ma,in a passive margin of the Rehoboth Province or Kaapvaal *** garnet growth dated at 11655 Ma culminated in peak metamorphic conditions of 64530C and 10.40.7 kbar,corresponding to 40 km *** is attributed to subduction of these rocks before collision between the overriding arc-related Areachap Terrane,the Kaaien Terrane and the Kaapvaal-Rehoboth cratonic block during the Namaqua *** of the garbenschiefer slabs was followed by rapid cooling,as the 11435 Ma argon dates of hornblende and white mica,with closure temperatures^540C and^440C respectively,are the same within *** was probably due to tectonic juxtaposition of the garbenschiefer slab with much cooler rock *** exhumation was accommodated along the Trooilapspan-Brakbosch Shear Zone due to ongoing *** components of the Namaqua Front have distinctly different P-T-t paths,exemplified by greenschist metamorphism in the 1300 Ma Wilgenhoutsdrift Group,and medium-pressure metamorphism in the Areachap *** were juxtaposed by late-tectonic uplift and transpr

关键词： Collision orogeny P-T-t path Garbenschiefer Lu–Hf garnet U–Pb zircon 40Ar/39Ar dating

NDRG2 gene copy number is not altered in colorectal carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第1期8卷 67-74页

作者： anders Lorentzen Cathy Mitchelmore Eucaryotic Cell Biology Department of Science and Environment Roskilde University

AIM To investigate if the down-regulation of N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 2(NDRG2) expression in colorectal carcinoma(CRC) is due to loss of the NDRG2 allele(s).METHODS The following were investigated in the human colorectal cancer cell lines DLD-1, Lo Vo and SW-480: NDRG2 mRNA expression levels using quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR); interaction of the MYC gene-regulatory protein with the NDRG2 promoter using chromatin immunoprecipitation; and NDRG2 promoter methylation using bisulfite ***, we performed qPCR to analyse the copy numbers of NDRG2 and MYC genes in the above three cell lines, 8 normal colorectal tissue samples and 40 CRC tissue *** As expected, NDRG2 mRNA levels were low in the three colorectal cancer cell lines, compared to normal *** MYC protein interacted with the NDRG2 core promoter in all three cell *** addition, the NDRG2 promoter was heavily methylated in these cell lines, suggesting an epigenetic regulatory *** gene copy numbers of NDRG2 were observed in the three cell *** the colorectal tissues, one normal and three CRC samples showed partial or complete loss of one NDRG2 *** contrast, the MYC gene was amplified in one cell line and in more than 40% of the CRC *** Our study suggests that the reduction in NDRG2 expression observed in CRC is due to transcriptional repression by MYC and promoter methylation, and is not due to allelic loss.

关键词： N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 Colorectal carcinoma MYC Tumor suppressor Allelic loss Gene amplification Copy number

Automatic Classification of Swedish Metadata Using Dewey Decimal Classification:A Comparison of Approaches

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第1期5卷 18-38页

作者： Koraljka Golub Johan Hagelback anders Ardo Department of Cultural Sciences Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesLinnaeus UniversityVaxjoSweden Department of Computer Science and Media Technology Faculty of TechnologyLinnaeus UniversityKalmarSweden Department of Electrical and Information Technology Lund UniversityLundSweden

Purpose:With more and more digital collections of various information resources becoming available,also increasing is the challenge of assigning subject index terms and classes from quality knowledge organization *** the ultimate purpose is to understand the value of automatically produced Dewey Decimal Classification(DDC)classes for Swedish digital collections,the paper aims to evaluate the performance of six machine learning algorithms as well as a string-matching algorithm based on characteristics of ***/methodology/approach:State-of-the-art machine learning algorithms require at least 1,000 training examples per *** complete data set at the time of research involved 143,838 records which had to be reduced to top three hierarchical levels of DDC in order to provide sufficient training data(totaling 802 classes in the training and testing sample,out of 14,413 classes at all levels).Findings:Evaluation shows that Support Vector Machine with linear kernel outperforms other machine learning algorithms as well as the string-matching algorithm on average;the string-matching algorithm outperforms machine learning for specific classes when characteristics of DDC are most suitable for the *** embeddings combined with different types of neural networks(simple linear network,standard neural network,1 D convolutional neural network,and recurrent neural network)produced worse results than Support Vector Machine,but reach close results,with the benefit of a smaller representation *** of features in machine learning shows that using keywords or combining titles and keywords gives better results than using only titles as *** only marginally improves the *** stop-words reduced accuracy in most cases,while removing less frequent words increased it *** greatest impact is produced by the number of training examples:81.90%accuracy on the training set is achieved when at least 1,000 records per class are available

关键词： LIBRIS Dewey Decimal Classification Automatic classification Machine learning Support Vector Machine Multinomial Naive Bayes Simple linear network Standard neural network 1D convolutional neural network Recurrent neural network Word embeddings String matching