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A Comparison of the Sexual Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Korean College Students Studying in Korea and in the United States

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Open Journal of Nursing 2015年第11期5卷 1053-1062页

作者： Young-sil Bae Dong-Hee Kim Department Nursing College of Nursing Pusan National University Yangsan Republic of Korea

The number of Korean students enrolling in universities overseas is rapidly growing. However, these populations are underrepresented in sexuality related research, despite the possibility of sexually risky behavior in overseas university students. We examined the sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of university students in Korea and studying in the United States. Data were collected—131 Korean students in Korea and in the US using a web-based self-report questionnaire system. Students in the US showed greater total sexual knowledge than students studied in Korea. There were differences in the sexual knowledge, attitude and behaviors according to general characteristics between both groups. Although students in the USA had a higher level of sexual knowledge, both students in the USA and in Korea had a low level of sexual knowledge overall.

关键词： Culture Sexual Knowledge Sexual Attitude Sexual Behavior University Students

Cortex cinnamomi extract prevents streptozotocin- and cytokine-induced β-cell damage by inhibiting NF-κB

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4331-4337页

作者： Kang-Beom Kwon Eun-Kyung Kim Eun-sil Jeong Young-Hoon Lee Young-Rae Lee Jin-Woo Park Do-Gon Ryu Byung-Hyun Park Department of Physiology School of Oriental MedicineWonkwang UniversityIksan 570-749South Korea Department of Oral Anatomy School of DentistryChonbuk National UniversityJeonju 561-756JeonbukSouth Korea Department of Biochemistry Medical SchoolInstitute for Healthcare Technology DevelopmentMedical Research CenterChonbuk National UniversityJeonju 561-756JeonbukSouth Korea

AIM： To clarify the mechanism underlying the antidiabetic activities of cortex cinnamomi extract （CCE）. METHODS： To induce in vivo diabetes, mice were injected with streptozotocin （STZ） via a tail vein （100 mg STZ/kg body weight）. To determine the effects of CCE, mice were administered CCE twice daily for 7 d by oral gavage starting 1 wk before the STZ injection. Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration were measured as an index of diabetes. Also, to induce cytotoxicity of RINm5F cells, we treated with cytokines （IL-1β （2.0 ng/mL） and IFN-γ （100 U/mL））. Cell viability and nitric oxide production were measured colorimetrically. Inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） mRNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The activation of NF-κβ was assayed by using gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts. RESULTS： Treatment of mice with STZ resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was further evidenced by immunohistochemical staining of islets. However, the diabetogenic effects of STZ were completely prevented when mice were pretreated with CCE. The inhibitory effect of CCE on STZ-induced hyperglycemia was mediated through the suppression of iNOS expression. In rat insulinoma RINm5F cells,CCE completely protected against interleukin-1β and interferon-y-mediated cytotoxicity. Moreover, RINm5F cells incubated with CCE showed significant reductions in interleukin-1β and interferon-y-induced nitric oxide production and in iNOS mRNA and protein expression, and these findings correlated well with in vivo observations. CONCLUSION： The molecular mechanism by which CCE inhibits iNOS gene expression appears to involve the inhibition of NF-κβ activation, These results reveal the possible therapeutic value of CCE for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression,

关键词： Cortex cinnamomi Diabetes Streptozotocin Cytokine NF-κβ

Oral administration of red ginseng powder fermented with probiotic alleviates the severity of dextran-sulfate sodium-induced colitis in a mouse model

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第3期15卷 192-201页

作者： JANG Sun-Hee PARK Jisang KIM Sae-Hae CHOI Kyung-Min KO Eun-sil CHA Jeong-Dan LEE Young-Ran JANG Hyonseok JANG Yong-Suk Department of Molecular Biology and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics Chonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Korea Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials Chonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Korea Department of Efficacy Research Institute of Jinan Red GinsengJinan 55442Korea Department of Mathematics Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Korea Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Korea University Ansan HospitalAnsan 15355Korea

Red ginseng is a well-known alternative medicine with anti-inflammatory *** exerts pharmacological effects through the transformation of saponin into metabolites by intestinal *** that intestinal microflora vary among individuals,the pharmacological effects of red ginseng likely vary among *** order to produce homogeneously effective red ginseng,we prepared probiotic-fermented red ginseng and evaluated its activity using a dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis model in *** analysis of intestinal damage indicated that the administration of probiotic-fermented red ginseng significantly decreased the severity of colitis,compared with the control and the activity was higher than that induced by oral administration of ginseng powder or probiotics *** analysis of the levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-α,inflammatory biomarkers that are increased at the initiation stage of colitis,were significantly decreased in probiotic-fermented red ginseng-treated groups in comparison to the control *** levels of inflammatory cytokines and mR NAs for inflammatory factors in colorectal tissues were also significantly decreased in probiotic-fermented red ginseng-treated ***,oral administration of probiotic-fermented red ginseng reduced the severity of colitis in a mouse model,suggesting that it can be used as a uniformly effective red ginseng product.

关键词： Colitis Fermentation Inflammation Probiotics Red ginseng

Monascus pilosus-fermented black soybean inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes and in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第4期8卷 276-282页

作者： Young-sil Lee Bong-Keun Choi Hae Jin Lee Dong-Ryung Lee Jinhua Cheng Won-Keun Lee Seung Hwan Yang Joo-Won Suh Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials Myongji University Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation Myongji University Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics College of Natural ScienceMyongji University

Objective:To explore the anti-obesity effects and the mechanism of action of Monascus pilosus(***)-fermented black soybean(MFBS)extracts(MFBSE)and MFBS powders(MFBSP)in adipocytes and high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice,***:Black soybean was fermented with ***,and the main constituents in MFBS were analyzed by HPLC *** vitro,MFBSE were examined for anti-adipogenic effects using Oil-Red O *** vivo,mice were fed a normal-fat diet(NFD)control,HFD control or HFD containing 1 g/kg MFBSP for 12 weeks,and then body weight gain and tissues weight ***-time PCR and western blot assay were used to determine the mechanism of anti-adipogenic ***:MFBSE inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without exerting cell *** treatment in HFD-fed mice significantly decreased the body weight gain compared with the HFD control *** and MFBSP treatment resulted in significantly lower mRNA levels of adipogenesis-related genes,such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ),fatty acid-binding protein 4(FABP4),and fatty acid synthase(FAS),in adipocytes and in white adipose tissue(WAT)of HFD-induced obese ***:These results suggest that the anti-obesity effects of MFBS are elicited by regulating the expression of adipogenesis-related genes in adipocytes and WAT of HFDinduced obese mice.

关键词： Monascus pilosus Black soybean Adipocytes High-fat diet-induced obese mice Anti-obesity Adipogenesis-related genes

Voxel-based statistical analysis of cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain injury

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第20期123卷 2853-2857页

作者： Yong Wook Kim Hyoung Seop Kim Young-sil An Sang Hee Im Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital Gyonggi-doRepublic of Korea) Young-Sil An(Department of Nuclear MedicineAjou University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Nuclear Medicine Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Jeju National University School of MedicineJejuRepublic of Korea

Background Permanent vegetative state is defined as the impaired level of consciousness longer than 12 months after traumatic causes and 3 months after non-traumatic causes of brain injury. Although many studies assessed the cerebral metabolism in patients with acute and persistent vegetative state after brain injury, few studies investigated the cerebral metabolism in patients with permanent vegetative state. In this study, we performed the voxel-based analysis of cerebral glucose metabolism and investigated the relationship between regional cerebral glucose metabolism and the severity of impaired consciousness in patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain *** We compared the regional cerebral glucose metabolism as demonstrated by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography from 12 patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain injury with those from 12 control subjects. Additionally, covariance analysis was performed to identify regions where decreased changes in regional cerebral glucose metabolism significantly correlated with a decrease of level of consciousness measured by JFK-coma recovery scare. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical parametric *** Compared with controls, patients with permanent vegetative state demonstrated decreased cerebral glucose metabolism in the left precuneus, both posterior cingulate cortices, the left superior parietal lobule （Pcorrected 〈0.001）, and increased cerebral glucose metabolism in the both cerebellum and the right supramarginal cortices （Pcorrected 〈0.001）. In the covariance analysis, a decrease in the level of consciousness was significantly correlated with decreased cerebral glucose metabolism in the both posterior cingulate cortices （Puncorrected 〈0.005）.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the posteromedial parietal cortex, which are part of neural network for consciousness, may be relevant structure for pathophysiological mechanism in pat

关键词： cerebral glucose metabolism permanent vegetative state acquired brain injury

Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induced by Scorpio water extract in human hepatoma HepG2 cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第7期11卷 943-947页

作者： Kang-Beom Kwon Eun-Kyung Kim Jung-Gook Lim Eun-sil Jeong Byung-Cheul Shin Young-Se Jeon Kang-San Kim Eun-A Seo Do-Gon Ryu Department of Physiology Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Department of Food and Nutrition

AIM: To clarify the mechanism underlying the anti-mutagenic and anti-cancer activities of Scorpio water extract (SWE). METHODS: Human hepatoma HepG2 cells were incubated with various concentrations of SWE. After 24-h incubation, cytotoxicity and apoptosis evaluations were determined by MTT and DNA fragmentation assay, respectively. After treatment with SWE, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined by measuring the retention of the dye 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine (DiOC6(3)) and the protein expression including cytochrome C and poly-(ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) were measured by Western blotting. Caspase-3 and -9 enzyme activities were measured using specific fluorescence dyes such as Ac-DEVD-AFC and Ac-LEHD-AFC. RESULTS: We found that treatment with SWE induced apoptosis as confirmed by discontinuous DNA fragmentation in cultured human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Our investigation also showed that SWE-induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells were associated with intracellular events including disruption of MMP, increased translocation of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytosol, activation of caspase-3, and PARP. Pre-treatment of N-acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-CHO (Ac-DEVD-CHO), a caspase-3 specific inhibitor, or cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of MMP disruption, completely abolished SWE-induced DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SWE possibly causes mitochondrial damage, leading to cytochrome C release into cytosol and activation of caspases resulting in PARP cleavage and execution of apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells. These results further suggest that Scorpio may be a valuable agent of therapeutic intervention of human hepatomas.

关键词： Scorpio Human hepatoma HepG2 cell Apoptosis

New Technology Going Up from the GPS Measurements,Known W_(0) and Its Possible Utilization in Praxis

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Positioning 2013年第2期4卷 200-209页

作者： Viliam Vatrt Lubomil Pospísil Jean-Pierre Loule Institute of Geodesy Faculty of Civil EngineeringBrno University of TechnologyBrnoCzech Republic National Hydrocarbons Corporation YaoundéCameroon

New height precise Earth Geopotential Model EGM08 made it possible to develop the value of the geoidal geopotential W0. This value is independent on Earth’s tides and others disturbances, therefore it can be used as basic quantity for many applications. Value W0 represents mean sea surface. W0 was developed from data of satellite altimetry which monitores actual ocean’s surface. This value is one of the four fundamental geodetic constants. This value has been accepted worldwide and is included to the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service Conventions (IERS Conventions) 2003, 2007. This value defines in principle parameters of level ellipsoid which best fit to the surface defined by W0. The body of this level ellipsoid produces normal gravity. We developed other important parameters for determination of the density deviations (VTT technology), i.e. values of normal gravity ge at the equator and gp at the pole on the elipsoid E0 and the value of parameter β. All parameters above used for development of VTT technology are supplied by GPS/leveling data that enable to create so-called density deviation maps at any place in the World. In comparison with gravity anomalies, the density deviations represent more precise density anomalous places in the Earth’s crust. A construction of density deviation map is applied at two from geologically different regions—the Western Carpathians and the Central African Rifts.

关键词： VTT Technology Gravity Method Density Deviation Western Carpathians Central African Rifts

Signal transduction of bombesin-induced circular smooth muscle cell contraction in cat esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2259-2263页

作者： Sung-Uk Park Chang-Yell Shin Jung-Su Ryu Hyen-O La Sun-Young Park Hyun-Ju Song Young-sil Min Dong-Seok Kim Uy-Dong Sohn Department of Pharmacology College of Pharmacy Chung Ang UniversitySeoul 156-756Republic of Korea Department of Pharmacology College of Pharmacy Chung Ang UniversitySeoul 156-756Republic of Korea Research LaboratoryDong-A Pharm. Co. LtdYongin 449-905Kyunggi-DoRepublic of Korea Department of Pharmacology College of Medicine The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 137-701Republic of Korea Research Division for Human Life Sciences Seoul National University 28 Yongon-DongChongno-GuSeoul 110-744Republic of Korea

AIM： To investigate the mechanism of bombesin-induced circular smooth muscle cell contraction in cat esophagus. METHODS： Specific G protein or phospholipase C involved in cat esophagus contraction was identified, muscle cells were permeabilized with saponin. After per- meabilization of muscle cells, the Gi3 antibody inhibited bombesin-induced smooth muscle cell contraction. RESULTS： Incubation of permeabilized circular muscle cells with PLC-β3 antibody could inhibit bombesin-induced contraction. H-7, chelerythrine （PKC inhibitor） and genistein （protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor） inhibited bombesin-induced contraction, but DAG kinase inhibitor, R59949, could not inhibit it. To examine which mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） was involved in bombesin-induced contTaction, the specific MAPK inhibitors （MEK inhibitor, PD98059 and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB202190） were used. Preincubation of PD98059 blocked the contraction induced by bombesin in a concentration-dependent manner. However, SB202190 had no effects on contraction. CONCLUSION： Bombesin-induced circular muscle cell contraction in cat esophagus is mediated via a PKC or a PTK-dependent pathway or p44/p42 HAPK pathway.

关键词： Bombesin G protein Phospholipase C Protein kinase C Protein tyrosine kinase MAP Kinase Cell contraction

Effect of composite yogurt enriched with acacia fiber and Bifidobacterium lactis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第33期18卷 4563-4569页

作者： Yang Won Min Sang Un Park Yeon sil Jang Young-Ho Kim Poong-Lyul Rhee Seo Hyun Ko Nami Joo Sun Im Kim Cheol-Hyun Kim Dong Kyung Chang Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul 135-710 South Korea Department of Food and Nutrition Sookmyung Women's University Seoul 140-742 South Korea Department of Animal Resource and Science Dankook University Cheonan 330-714 South Korea

AIM: To investigate whether composite yogurt with acacia dietary fiber and Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) has additive effects in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: A total of 130 patients were randomly allocated to consume, twice daily for 8 wk, either the composite yogurt or the control product. The composite yogurt contained acacia dietary fiber and high-dose B. lactis together with two classic yogurt starter cultures. Patients were evaluated using the visual analogscale via a structured questionnaire administered at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS: Improvements in bowel habit satisfaction and overall IBS symptoms from baseline were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group (27.16 vs 15.51, P = 0.010, 64.2 ± 17.0 vs 50.4 ± 20.5, P < 0.001; respectively). In constipation-predominant IBS, improvement in overall IBS symptoms was significantly higher in the test group than in the control group (72.4 ± 18.4 vs 50.0 ± 21.8, P < 0.001). In patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS, improvement in bowel habit satisfaction from baseline was significantly higher in the test group than in the control group (32.90 vs 7.81, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that composite yogurt enriched with acacia fiber and B. lactis has greater therapeutic effects in patients with IBS than standard yogurt.

关键词： Acacia dietary fiber Bifidobacterium lactis Irritable bowel syndrome Probiotics Yogurt