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The role of sulfur cycle in new particle formation:Cycloaddition reaction of SO_(3)to H_(2)S

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 489-501页

作者： Haijie Zhang Wei Wang liang Fan Junling li Yanqin Ren Hong li Rui gao Yisheng Xu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The chemistry of sulfur cycle contributes significantly to the atmospheric nucleation process,which is the first step of new particle formation(NPF).In the present study,cycloaddition reaction mechanism of sulfur trioxide(SO_(3))to hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)which is a typical air pollutant and toxic gas detrimental to the environment were comprehensively investigate through theoretical calculations and Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code ***-phase stability and nucleation potential of the product thiosulfuric acid(H_(2)S_(2)O_(3),TSA)were further analyzed to evaluate its atmospheric *** any catalysts,the H_(2)S+SO_(3)reaction is infeasible with a barrier of 24.2 kcal/*** nucleation precursors formic acid(FA),sulfuric acid(SA),and water(H_(2)O)could effectively lower the reaction barriers as catalysts,even to a barrierless reaction with the efficiency of cis-SA>trans-FA>trans-SA>H_(2)***,the gas-phase stability of TSA was investigated.A hydrolysis reaction barrier of up to 61.4 kcal/mol alone with an endothermic isomerization reaction barrier of 5.1 kcal/mol under the catalytic effect of SA demonstrates the sufficient stability of ***,topological and kinetic analysis were conducted to determine the nucleation potential of *** clusters formed by TSA and atmospheric nucleation precursors(SA,ammonia NH_(3),and dimethylamine DMA)were thermodynamically ***,the gradually decreasing evaporation coefficients for TSA-base clusters,particularly for TSA-DMA,suggests that TSA may participate in NPF where the concentration of base molecules are relatively *** present new reaction mechanismmay contributes to a better understanding of atmospheric sulfur cycle and NPF.

关键词： New particle formation(NPF) Atmospheric sulfur cycle Nucleation process Reaction mechanism Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S) Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code (ACDC)

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Phosphorylation modification reverses the transcriptional inhibitory activity of CsMYB4a in tea plants(Camellia sinensis)

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 406-416页

作者： Guoliang Ma Yunyun Han Tongtong li Tao Xia liping gao School of life Science Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of AgricultureAnhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and UtilizationAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China

The members of the fourth subgroup of R2R3-MYB(Sg4 members)are well-known inhibitors of phenylpropanoid and lignin synthesis *** C2 domain is closely related to the transcriptional inhibitory activity of Sg4 *** modification enhances the transcriptional inhibitory activity of Sg4 ***,we identified a phosphorylation site on the C2 domain of Cs MYB4a from tea plants(Camellia sinensis).A mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),named Cs MPK3-2,phosphorylated this site on the C2 domain of Cs *** experiments revealed that phosphorylation of Cs MYB4a weakened its ability to inhibit the gene expression of PAL,C4H,and 4CL in the phenylpropanoid pathway and activated the expression of transcription factor YABBY5,maintaining the adaxial-abaxial polarity of the *** out Nt YAB5 in Cs MYB4a transgenic tobacco partially repaired the leaf wrinkling phenotype caused by Cs *** C1 domain exhibited an activation function when the C2 domain of Cs MYB4a was phosphorylated by Cs MPK3-2,causing this reversal *** results enrich our understanding of the regulatory diversity of Sg4 members.

关键词： Camellia sinensis Cs MYB4a Phenylpropanoid pathway MAPK YABBY Leaf development

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Investigation of bubbles escape behavior from low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels using 3D X-ray microscope

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 102-110页

作者： Qiang liu Xiang li Shen Du Ming gao Yanbin Yin Jiongming Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

During the continuous casting process of high-Mn high-Al steels,various types of gases such as Ar need to escape through the top of the *** which,the behavior of bubbles traversing the liquid slag serves as a restrictive link,closely associated with viscosity and the thickness of liquid *** contrast to two-dimensional surface observation,three-dimensional(3D)analysis method can offer a more intuitive,accurate,and comprehensive ***,this study employs a 3D X-ray microscope(3D-XRM)to obtained spatial distribution and 3D morphological characteristics of residual bubbles in mold flux under different basicity of liquid slag,different temperatures,and different holding *** results indicate that as basicity of slag increases from 0.52 to 1.03,temperature increases from 1423 to 1573 K,the viscosity of slag decreases,the floating rate of bubbles *** addition,when holding time increases from 10 to 30 s,the bubbles floating distance increases,and the volume fraction and average equivalent sphere diameter of the bubbles solidified in the mold flux gradually *** one word,increasing the basicity,temperature,and holding time leading to an increase in the removal rate of bubbles especially for the *** findings of bubbles escape behavior provide valuable insights into optimizing low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels.

关键词： mold flux low basicity bubbles three-dimensional X-ray microscope viscosity

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Causes of Winter Persistent Extreme Cold Events in Northeastern China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第4期42卷 780-793页

作者： Ming YANG Qingjiu gao Tim li State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Persistent(5-day or longer)extreme cold events(ECEs)over northeastern China during the boreal winter of 1979–2020 are investigated using daily minimum temperature(Tmin)from the China Meteorological Data *** extreme cooling area and intensity indices associated with the ECEs exhibit a dominant 10–40-day periodicity,indicating a close link with atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs).The ECEs are categorized into W-and *** the former,the low-frequency cooling associated with the ISO first penetrates into the western boundary of the northeastern China domain and later occupies the entire domain at its peak *** upper-tropospheric circulation associated with this type is characterized by a northwest–southeast-oriented Rossby wave train,expanding from the Ural Mountains to the western Pacific *** the latter,the cooling invades the northern boundary first and then penetrates into the entire *** upper tropospheric precursory signal associated with this type is a zonally oriented negative geopotential height anomaly,which slowly moves southward.A downward-propagating signal is observed in the stratospheric potential vorticity field prior to the peak cooling,implying a possible stratospheric *** addition to the W-and N-types,ECEs can also occur in a localized region near either at the northern or southern boundary of the domain.

关键词： extreme cold events low-frequency ISO mode Rossby wave train composite analysis downward propagation potential vorticity

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IoT Empowered Early Warning of Transmission line Galloping Based on Integrated Optical Fiber Sensing and Weather Forecast Time Series Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1171-1192页

作者： Zhe li Yun liang Jinyu Wang Yang gao State Grid Henan Electric Power Company Electric Power Scientific Research Institute State Grid Henan Electric Power CompanyZhengzhou450052China

Iced transmission line galloping poses a significant threat to the safety and reliability of power systems,leading directly to line tripping,disconnections,and power *** early warning methods of iced transmission line galloping suffer from issues such as reliance on a single data source,neglect of irregular time series,and lack of attention-based closed-loop feedback,resulting in high rates of missed and false *** address these challenges,we propose an Internet of Things(IoT)empowered early warning method of transmission line galloping that integrates time series data from optical fiber sensing and weather ***,the method applies a primary adaptive weighted fusion to the IoT empowered optical fiber real-time sensing data and weather forecast data,followed by a secondary fusion based on a Back Propagation(BP)neural network,and uses the K-medoids algorithm for clustering the fused ***,an adaptive irregular time series perception adjustment module is introduced into the traditional Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)network,and closed-loop feedback based on attentionmechanism is employed to update network parameters through gradient feedback of the loss function,enabling closed-loop training and time series data prediction of the GRU network ***,considering various types of prediction data and the duration of icing,an iced transmission line galloping risk coefficient is established,and warnings are categorized based on this ***,using an IoT-driven realistic dataset of iced transmission line galloping,the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through multi-dimensional simulation scenarios.

关键词： Optical fiber sensing multi-source data fusion early warning of galloping time series data IoT adaptive weighted learning irregular time series perception closed-loop attention mechanism

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Oxalate modification enabled advanced phosphate removal of nZVI:In Situ formed surface ternary complex and altered multi-stage adsorption process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 79-87页

作者： Shiyu Cao Jiangshan li Yanbiao Shi Furong Guo Tingjuan gao lizhi Zhang Key Laboratory of Pesticide&Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Institute of Environmental&Applied ChemistryCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

Nano zero-valent iron(nZVI)is a promising phosphate adsorbent for advanced phosphate ***,the rapid passivation of nZVI and the low activity of adsorption sites seriously limit its phosphate removal performance,accounting for its inapplicability to meet the emission criteria of 0.1 mg P/L *** this study,we report that the oxalate modification can inhibit the passivation of nZVI and alter the multi-stage phosphate adsorption mechanism by changing the adsorption *** expected,the stronger antipassivation ability of oxalate modified nZVI(OX-nZVI)strongly favored its phosphate ***,the oxalate modification endowed the surface Fe(III)sites with the lowest chemisorption energy and the fastest phosphate adsorption ability than the other adsorption sites,by in situ forming a Fe(III)-phosphate-oxalate ternary complex,therefore enabling an advanced phosphate removal *** an initial phosphate concentration of 1.00 mg P/L,pH of 6.0 and a dosage of 0.3 g/L of adsorbents,OX-nZVI exhibited faster phosphate removal rate(0.11 g/mg/min)and lower residual phosphate level(0.02 mg P/L)than nZVI(0.055 g/mg/min and 0.19 mg P/L).This study sheds light on the importance of site manipulation in the development of high-performance adsorbents,and offers a facile surface modification strategy to prepare superior iron-basedmaterials for advanced phosphate removal.

关键词： Oxalate modification Advanced phosphate removal Nano zero-valent iron(nZVI) Surface ternary complex Multi-stage adsorption

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Polypropylene-based blend with enhanced breakdown strength under gamma-ray irradiation for cable insulation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 35-48页

作者： Bai-Xin liu Yu gao Jing li Chen-Yi Guo Bo-Sen Si Jun-Guo gao Yu Chen Bo-Xue Du School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application Ministry of EducationHarbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

This study focuses on the electrical properties and microstructure of polypropylene(PP)-based blends used for cable insulation in nuclear power plants(NPPs).The PP-based blend,comprising isotactic PP and propylene-based elastomer(PBE)at concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 wt%,underwent a melt blending process and subsequent cobalt-60 gamma-ray irradiation with doses ranging from 0 to 250 *** conductivity,trap distribution,and alternating(AC)breakdown strength were chosen to assess the insulation *** results indicate that the addition of PBE significantly improves the electrical properties of PP under *** PP,the electrical conductivity increased with irradiation,whereas the trap depth and breakdown strength decreased ***,for the blend,these changes initially exhibit opposite *** the irradiation was increased to 250 kGy,the AC breakdown strength of the blend improved by more than 21%compared to that of *** physical and chemical structures of the samples were investigated to explore the improvement *** results offer insights into the design of new cable-insulation materials suitable for NPPs.

关键词： Nuclear power plant Cable insulation Polypropylene Electrical properties Gamma-ray irradiation

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Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics and their significance in provenance tracing of detrital sediment in major rivers and marginal seas of eastern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 523-537页

作者： Xiaobao gao Chao li zhifei DUAN Yulong GUO Shouye YANG State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Sr-Nd isotopes are widely utilized as reliable tracers in sediment provenance *** this study,we compiled 304 Sr and 335 Nd isotope data of fine-grained surface sediments collected from major rivers in eastern China,including the Huanghe River,Changjiang River,southeastern coastal rivers,and rivers in Taiwan Island,as well as from marginal seas(Yellow Sea and East China Sea)and the Okinawa *** comprehensive dataset allowed us to examine the spatial distribution patterns of these isotopes and their implications for provenance *** variations ofεNd values in the sediments in Changjiang and Huanghe Basins primarily reflect the diversity of sediment sources,whereas the^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios are influenced by both grain size and source ***,the reduction in^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios observed in the middle and lower Changjiang River is attributed to the inputs of sources characterized by distinct^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr signatures beyond mere grain size *** the southeastern coastal and Taiwan rivers,sediments in the tidal reaches of the Jiao River exhibit hybrid characteristics,a mix of Changjiang-derived sediment and those originating from local ***,the Min River and Jiulong River sediments predominantly reflect local sources,with minimal influence from the Changjiang *** significant isotopic variation of Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics observed between riverine sediments on the eastern and western sides of Taiwan Island underscores the diverse provenance heterogeneity of source rocks in the *** the marginal seas,our data indicates that the surface sediments in the central mud area of the South Yellow Sea and the southern Yellow Sea are predominantly sourced from the Changjiang River catchment,potentially augmented by inputs from Korean *** inner shelf sediments of the East China Sea are primarily influenced by Changjiang River inputs,whereas rivers in eastern Taiwan Island contribute to the sediments on

关键词： Sr-Nd isotope Provenance tracing Detrital sediments Eastern China rivers Marginal seas

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Magnetically-responsive phase change thermal storage materials:Mechanisms,advances,and beyond

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 485-510页

作者： Yan gao Yang li Jinjie lin Panpan liu Xiao Chen Ge Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule & Structure Construction School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Physics and Astronomy Beijing Normal University Shunde Graduate School University of Science and Technology Beijing

Rapid advances in thermal management technology and the increasing need for multi-energy conversion have placed stringent energy efficiency requirements on next-generation shape-stable composite phase change materials(PCMs).Magnetically-responsive phase change thermal storage materials are considered an emerging concept for energy storage systems,enabling PCMs to perform unprecedented functions(such as green energy utilization,magnetic thermotherapy,drug release,etc.).The combination of multifunctional magnetic nanomaterials and PCMs is a milestone in the creation of advanced multifunctional composite ***,a timely and comprehensive review of composite PCMs based on magnetic nanoparticle modification is still ***,we furnish an exhaustive exposition elucidating the cutting-edge advancements in magnetically responsive composite *** delve deeply into the multifarious roles assumed by distinct nanoparticles within composite PCMs of varying dimensions,meticulously scrutinizing the intricate interplay between their architectures and thermophysical ***,we prognosticate future research trajectories,delineate alternative stratagems,and illuminate prospective *** review is intended to stimulate broader academic interest in interdisciplinary fields and provide valuable insights into the development of next-generation magnetically-responsive composite PCMs.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticles Magnetic-thermal conversion Phase change materials Response mechanism Thermal energy storage

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CMOS direct conversion X-ray detector coupled with fluorinated liquid

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 59-68页

作者： Shi-Hua liu Chao-Song gao Xin Zhang Xiang-Ming Sun Meng Wu zhi-Hui Han Tong Wan Yong-Shuai Ge Key Laboratory of Quark&Lepton Physics(MOE) Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Guizhou Education University Guiyang 550018China Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

X-ray detectors show potential applications in medical imaging,materials science,and nuclear *** achieve high detection efficiency and spatial resolution,many conventional semiconductor materials,such as amorphous selenium,cadmium telluride zinc,and perovskites,have been utilized in direct conversion X-ray ***,these semiconductor materials are susceptible to temperature-induced performance degradation,crystallization,delamination,uneven lattice growth,radiation damage,and high dark *** study explores a new approach by coupling an FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid with a specialized high-resolution and high-readout-speed complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)pixel array,specifically the Topmetal II−chip,to fabricate a direct conversion X-ray *** fluorinated liquid FC40(molecular formula:C_(21)F_(48)N_(2))is an electronic medium that is minimally affected by temperature and displays no issues with uniform *** exhibits a low dark current and minimal radiation damage and enables customizable thickness in X-ray *** addresses the limitations inherent in conventional semiconductor-based *** this study,simple X-ray detector imaging tests were conducted,demonstrating the excellent coupling capability between FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid and CMOS chips by the X-ray detector.A spatial resolution of 4.0 lp/mm was measured using a striped line par card,and a relatively clear image of a cockroach was displayed in the digital radiography imaging *** test results indicated the feasibility of fabricating an X-ray detector by combining FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid and CMOS *** to the absence of issues related to chip-material coupling,a high spatial resolution could be achieved by reducing the chip pixel *** method presents a new avenue for studies on novel liquid-based direct conversion X-ray detectors.

关键词： FC40 electronic fluorinated liquid CMOS pixel chip X-ray detector Spatial resolution

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