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Combining European Earth Observation products with Dynamic global Vegetation Models for estimating Essential Biodiversity Variables

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 262-277页

作者： Mateus Dantas de Paula Marta gómez giménez Aidin Niamir Martin Thurner Thomas Hickler Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre(BiK-F) Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurt am MainGermany Department of Ecological Modelling UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research LeipzigGermany

global,fast and accessible monitoring of biodiversity is one of the main pillars of the efforts undertaken in order to revert it *** group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network(gEO-BON)provided an expert-based definition of the biological properties that should be monitored,the Essential Biodiversity Variables(EBVs).Initiatives to provide indicators for EBVs rely on global,freely available remote sensing(RS)products in combination with empirical models and field data,and are invaluable for decision *** this study,we provide alternatives for the expansion and improvement of the EBV indicators,by suggesting current and future data from the European Space Agencýs COPERNICUS and explore the potential of RS-integrated Dynamic global Vegetation Models(DgVMs)for the estimation of *** review found that mainly due to the inclusion of the Sentinel constellation,Copernicus products have similar or superior potential for EBV indicator estimation in relation to their NASA *** simulate the ecosystem level EBVs(ecosystem function and structure),and when integrated with remote sensing data have great potential to not only offer improved estimation of current states but to provide projection of ecosystem *** suggest that focus on producing EBV relevant outputs should be a priority within the research community,to support biodiversity preservation efforts.

关键词： Dynamic global Vegetation Modelling remote sensing ecosystem dynamics Copernicus Programme Essential Biodiversity Variables

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CALCULATION OF TRANSFORMATION VOLUME FRACTION TO HQ590 HOT ROLLED STRIP STEEL DURINg CONTINUOUS COOLINg

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第5期17卷 754-760页

作者： X.g.Zhou X.M.Zhao Y.B.Xu D.Wu TheStateKeyLab.ofRollingTechnologyandAutomation NortheasternUniversityShenyang110004China

On the basis of phase transformation kinetics, the transformation of γ→α,P,B have been investigated through considering the effect of deformation. The calculation methods of volume fraction have also been given. Co... 详细信息

关键词： transformation kinetics volume fraction nucleation rate

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gaseous Nitrogen Losses from Coastal Acid Sulfate Soils:A Short-Term Study

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Pedosphere 2011年第2期21卷 197-206页

作者： B.C.T.MACDONALD O.T.DENMEAD I.WHITE g.BYRANT CSIRO Land and Water CanberraACT 2601 (Australia) The Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 0200 (Australia) University of Wollongong WollongongNSW 2500 (Australia)

NO x and N 2 O emissions from coastal acid sulfate soils (CASS) cultivated for sugarcane production were investigated on the coastal lowlands of northern New South Wales,*** series of short-term measurements were made using chambers and micrometeorological *** 1 occurred during the wet season,the water-filled pore space (WFPS) was between 60%-80% and the site flooded during the *** were made directly after the harvest of soybean crop,which fixed an estimated 100 kg N ha-1,and the emission amounted to 3.2 kg NO x-N ha-1 (12 d) and 1.8 kg N 2 O-N ha-1 (5 d).Series 2 was made towards the end of the dry season when the WFPS was less than 60%.In Series 2,after an application of 50 kg N ha 1,emissions were markedly less,amounting to 0.9 kg N ha-1 over 10 *** both series when the soil was moist,emissions of NO x were larger than those of N 2 *** emission of NO x appeared to be haphazard,with little time dependence,but there was a clear diurnal cycle for N 2 O,emphasising the need for continuous measurement procedures for both *** results suggest that agricultural production on CASS could be important sources of greenhouse gases and nitrogen practices will need to be optimised to reduce the offsite effects of atmospheric warming,acidification or *** questions still remain unanswered such as the emissions during the soybean bean filling stage and crop residue decomposition,the longer-term losses following the fertiliser application and emissions from CASS under different land uses.

关键词：酸性硫酸盐土壤温室气体短期使用氮损失沿海 N2O排放量中国社会科学院氮氧化物排放

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Kinematic calibration of a class of parallel kinematic machines(PKM) with fewer than six degrees of freedom

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2003年第5期46卷 515-526页

作者：黄田唐国宝李思维李亚 g.Derek Chetwynd J.David Whitehouse School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China School of Engineering The University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK

By taking a 3-DOF translational milling machine as an example, this paper investigates the kinematic calibration of PKM systems with fewer than 6-DOF. The error mapping function is formulated in such a way that the geometric errors affecting the compensatable and uncompensatable pose errors can be separated. Based upon the previous investigation, a hierarchical approach to the geometric error identification is proposed. The compensation strategy is developed which is particularly suitable for the PKM systems with translational moving capability. The experiment has been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the results show that the accuracy can be significantly improved.

关键词： parallel kinematic machines, kinematic calibration, degrees of freedom.

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Relationship between HSP90a, NPC2 and L-PgDS proteins to boar semen freezability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 582-591页

作者： Julián Valencia germán gómez Walter López Henry Mesa Francisco Javier Henao Universidad de Caldas Faculty of Agricultural Sciences A.A. 275 Manizales Caldas Colombia

Background： The purpose of this study was to determine the association of three proteins involved in sperm function on the freezability of porcine semen： the heat shock protein 90 alpha（HSP90a）, the Niemann-Pick disease type C2 protein（NPC2）, and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase（L-PgDS）.Six adult boars（each boar was ejaculated three times, 18 in total） were classified by freezability based on the percentage of functionally competent sperm. The male semen with highest freezability（MHF） and the male semen with lowest freezability（MLF） were centrifuged immediately after collection to separate seminal plasma and spermatozoa to make four possible combinations of these two components and to incubate them for 3 h,adjusting the temperature to 17 °C, to freeze them afterwards. The quantification of proteins was performed in two stages： at zero and at 3 h after incubation of the four ***： The spermatozoa × incubation time（IT） interaction only had effect（P 〈 0.01） on HSP90 a levels; this protein increased in seminal plasma, after 3 h of incubation, in larger quantity（P 〈 0.05） in combinations with MLF spermatozoa. In relation with the NPC2 protein, two isoforms of 16 and 19 kDa were identified. The 19 kDa isoform was affected（P 〈 0.01） only by the seminal plasma × IT interaction, with superior values（P 〈 0.01） both at zero and three hours of incubation, in the combinations with MHF seminal plasma; and 16 kDa isoform was affected（P 〈 0.01） only by the IT with reduction after 3 h of incubation. The levels of L-PgDS was affected（P 〈 0.01）only by the spermatozoa × IT interaction, which reduced（P 〈 0.01） in combinations with MLF spermatozoa after 3 h of ***： It is possible to consider that the three proteins evaluated were associated with freezability of boar semen due, especially, to the fact that mixtures with MLF spermatozoa showed greater increase levels of the HSP90 a protein and reduction of L-PgDS in plasma. In addition, the seminal

关键词： Boar freezability HSP90a L-PgDS NPC2 Semen preservation Seminal plasma

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Two-flux method for radiation heat transfer in anisotropic gas-particles media

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第6期47卷 625-640页

作者： WANg Fei CEN Kefa T.girasole A.garo g.gréhan YAN Jianhua Institute for Thermal Power Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China LESP UMR 6614/CORIACNRSUniversitéet INSA de RouenBP1276801Saint Etienne du RouvrayFrance

Two-flux method can be used, as a simplification for the radiative heat transfer, to predict heat flux in a slab consisting of gas and particles. In the original two-flux method (Schuster, 1905 and Schwarzschild, 1906), the radiation field was assumed to be isotropic. But for gas-particles mixture in combustion environments, the scatterings of particles are usually anisotropic, and the original two-flux method gives critical errors when ignoring this anisotropy. In the present paper, a multilayer four-flux model developed by Rozé et al. (2001) is extended to calculate the radiation heat flux in a slab containing participating particles and gas mixture. The analytic resolution of the radiative transfer equation in the framework of a two-flux approach is presented. The average crossing parameter ε and the forward scattering ratio ζ are defined to describe the anisotropy of the radiative field. To validate the model, the radiation transfer in a slab has been computed. Comparisons with the exact analytical result of Modest (1993) and the original two-flux model show the exactness and the improvement. The emissivity of a slab containing flyash/CO2/H2O mixture is obtained using the new model. The result is identical with that of goodwin (1989).

关键词：放射的转移二流动各向异性

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Drying characteristics and quality of bananas under infrared radiation heating

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 58-70页

作者： Milly A.Pekke Zhongli Pan griffiths g.Atungulu gary Smith James F.Thompson Department of Food Science and Technology University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Processed Foods Research Unit USDA-ARS Western Regional Research CenterAlbanyCA 94710USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Food Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72704USA

Hot air(HA)drying of banana has low drying efficiency and results in undesirable product *** objectives of this research were to investigate the feasibility of infrared(IR)heating to improve banana drying rate,evaluate quality of the dried product,and establish models for predicting drying *** slices of 5 mm and 8 mm thickness were dried with IR and HA at product temperatures of 60℃,70℃ and 80℃.Banana drying characteristics and changes in residual polyphenol oxidase(PPO),Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF),color,moisture content(MC)and water activity during the treatments were *** showed that significant moisture reduction and higher drying rates were achieved with IR drying compared to HA drying in the early *** drying data could be fitted to the Page model for accurate prediction of MC change for IR and HA drying with mean R2 of *** was noted that enzyme inactivation occurred more quickly with IR than with HA drying.A unique response of PPO under IR and HA drying was *** heating of banana inactivated PPO within the first 20 min of drying at 60℃,70℃ and 80℃,while PPO was first activated before inactivation at 60℃ and 70℃ drying with *** highest HMF content occurred in banana slices with 5 mm thickness dried with IR at a product temperature of 80℃.It is therefore recommendable to dry banana with IR at product temperature of 70℃ or below to preserve the product *** findings are new and provide more insight in the application of IR heating for drying banana for improved drying rate and product quality.

关键词： drying banana infrared radiation hot air drying enzyme inactivation

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老药新用:布美他尼成功应用于自闭症临床干预

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Science Bulletin 2021年第15期66卷 1491-1492,M0003页

作者： Anthony g.Phillips Department of Psychiatry Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4Canada

At a time of unprecedented need and despite significant advances in understanding brain function and related diseases,the drug pipeline for treatment of mental ill-health is failing[1,2].The reasons are many,including the unparalleled complexity of the central nervous system(CNS)itself,a lack of interdisciplinary research collaborations,increased drug development costs,and higher risk of clinical failure of CNS drugs compared with other areas of drug development[3–6].It is now widely recognized that individual dimensions of mental ill health arise from altered neural processes within specific brain circuits that may be shared across diagnostic categories[7,8].The inclusion of cognitive and social processes is particularly appropriate because cognitive dysfunction is of paramount importance to the understanding and treatment of many psychiatric disorders[9].This issue is further compounded by the lack of adequate medication to reverse cognitive and social *** respect to neurodevelopmental disorders that give rise to early onset of a spectrum of symptoms related to schizophrenia,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,autism spectrum disorders(ASD)to name but a few,the need to discover effective treatment options is particularly urgent.

关键词：自闭症 drugs treatment

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Regulation of cytokine gene expression by orosomucoid in neonatal swine adipose tissue

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 403-411页

作者： Timothy g.Ramsay Margo J.Stoll Le Ann Blomberg Thomas J.Caperna Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory USDA/ARSBeltsville Agricultural Research CenterUSDABeltsvilieMD 20705USA

Background： Porcine adipose tissue expresses orosomucoid（ORM1） mRNA, a protein with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Previous research has demonstrated that porcine ORM1 can reduce insulin stimulated glucose metabolism in porcine adipose tissue in vitro. The present study was designed to examine the preweaning ontogeny of ORM1 m RNA abundance in porcine subcutaneous adipose and to determine if ORM1 can regulate m RNA abundance of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to insulin resistance in primary cultures derived from neonatal porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue. Cultures were differentiated in vitro and subsequently the adipocyte containing cultures were incubated for 24 h with 0–5000 ng porcine ORM1/m L medium. Cultures were then harvested, total RNA extracted for use in reverse transcription and the m RNA abundance of cytokine m RNA quantified by real-time ***： ORM1 m RNA abundance within neonatal adipose tissue does not change from d 1 to d 21 of age and is a very small fraction relative to liver m RNA abundance. The ORM1 m RNA level in porcine adipocytes and stromalvascular cells are similar（P 〉 0.05）. Treatment with ORM1 did not affect TNFα（tumor necrosis factor α） m RNA level（P 〉 0.05）, while interleukin 6（IL6） m RNA abundance was reduced 32 % at 1,000 ng ORM1/m L（P 〈 0.01）. However,TNFα protein content in the cell culture media was reduced by ORM1 treatment（5,000 ng/m L, P 〈 0.05）, whereas ORM1 had no detectable effect on the media content of IL6（P 〉 0.05）. The reduction of macrophage migration inhibitory factor（MIF） m RNA abundance by ORM1 was dose dependent（P 〈 0.01）. Monocyte chemotactic protein（MCP） m RNA level was reduced 27 % by 1,000 ng ORM1/m L（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions： The data suggest that ORM1 has limited effects TNFα, IL6, MIF or MCP expression at the concentrations tested. Secondly, these cytokines do not appear to contribute to the reported insulin resistance induced by ORM1 in porcine adipose tissue in vitro as an in

关键词： Adipose Cytokines Neonate Orosomucoid Swine

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Metabolomic analysis of longissimus from underperforming piglets relative to piglets with normal preweaning growth

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第3期9卷 630-638页

作者： Timothy g.Ramsay Margo J.Stoll Amy E.Shannon Le Ann Blomberg Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service

Background: Recent increases in intra-litter variability in weaning weight have raised swine production costs. A contributor to this variability is the normal birth weight pig that grows at a slower rate than littermates of similar birth weight. The goal of this study was to interrogate biochemical profiles manifested in skeletal muscle originating from slow growing(Sg) and faster growing littermates(control), with the aim of identifying differences in metabolic pathway utilization between skeletal muscle of the Sg pig relative to its littermates. Samples of longissimus muscle from littermate pairs of pigs were collected at 21 d of age for metabolomic ***: Birth weights did not differ between littermate pairs of Sg and Control pigs(P > 0.05). Weaning weights differed by 1.51 ± 0.19 kg(P gregating the metabolome of muscle samples by growth rate, resulting in a predictive accuracy of 81% versus random segregation(50%).Decreases in sugars in the pentose phosphate pathway(PPP) in the longissimus of Sg pigs were detected(P glycolytic intermediates(glycerol-3-phosphate and lactate) and key glycolysis-derived intermediates(glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate; P g pigs had increased levels of phospholipids, lysolipids, diacylglycerols, and sphingolipids(P gen/extracellular matrix breakdown that are increased in the Sg pig(glutamate, 3-methylhistidine and hydroxylated proline moieties; P g pigs, resulting in a 78% decrease in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide pool(P gated to determine if they have a potential role in the slow growth in some normal birth weight piglets that contribute to inc

关键词： growth rate Longissimus Metabolome Neonate Swine

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