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Thermal properties and high-temperature ablation of high-entropy (Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) coating on graphite substrate

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2024年第8期13卷 1268-1281页

作者： ana c.Feltrin Daniel Hedman Farid Akhtar Division of Materials Science Lulea University of TechnologyLulea 97187Sweden center for Multidimensional carbon Materials(cMcM) Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea

An entropy-stabilized multicomponent ultrahigh-temperature ceramic(UHTc)coating,(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2),on a graphite substrate was in-situ sintered by spark plasma sintering(SPs)from constituent transition metal diboride ***(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) coating had a hardness of 31.2±2.1 GPa and resisted 36.9 GPa of stress before delamination,as observed at the *** temperature-dependent thermal properties of the multicomponent diboride(Ti_(0.25)V_(0.25)Zr_(0.25)Hf_(0.25))B_(2) were obtained by molecular dynamics(MD)simulations driven by a machine learning force field(MLFF)trained on density functional theory(DFT)*** thermal conductivity,density,heat capacity,and coefficient of thermal expansion obtained by the MD simulations were used in time-dependent thermal stress finite element model(FeM)*** low thermal conductivity(e multicomponent diboride coupled with its similar coefficient of thermal expansion to that of graphite indicated that stresses of less than 10 GPa were generated at the interface at high temperatures,and therefore,the coating was mechanically resistant to the thermal stress induced during *** experiments at 220℃ showed that the multicomponent diboride coating was resistant to thermal stresses with no visible cracking or *** ablation mechanisms were mechanical denudation and evaporation of B_(2)O_(5) and light V-Ti oxides,which caused a decrease in the mass and thickness of the coating and resulted in mass and linear ablation rates of-0.51 mg·s^(-1) and -1.38μm·s^(-1),respectively,after 60 *** findings demonstrated the thermal and mechanical stability of multicomponent entropy-stabilized diborides as coatings for carbon materials in engineering components under extreme environments.

关键词： entropy-stabilized diborides ultrahigh temperature ceramics molecular dynamics(MD)simulations density functional theory(DFT) ablation properties

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Spatial analysis of Dengue through the reproduction numbers relating to socioeconomic features:case studies on two Brazilian urban centers

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 142-157页

作者： ana T.c.silva Rejane c.Dorn Lívia R.Tomás Leonardo B.L.Santos Lacita M.Skalinski Suani T.R.Pinho Departamento de Física Universidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaAv.Transnordestinas/n.Novo HorizonteFeira de Santana44036-900BABrazil Instituto de Física Universidade Federal da BahiaRua Barão de Jeremoabo s/nCampus Universitário de OndinaSalvador40170-115BABrazil centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais(ceMADeN) Estrada Dr.Altino Bondensan500São Josédos Campos12247-016SPBrazil Universidade estadual de Santa cruz Campus Soane Nazaréde AndradeRodovia Jorge AmadoKm 16SalobrinhoIlhéus45662-900BABrazil Instituto de Saúde coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaR.Basílio da Gamas/n-CanelaSalvador40110-140BABrazil Instituto Nacional de ciência e Tecnologia-Sistemas complexos Virtual InstitutionBrazil

The study of the propagation of infectious diseases in urban centers finds a close connection with their population's social characteristics and *** work performs a spatial analysis of dengue cases in urban centers based on the basic reproduction numbers,R0,and incidence by planning areas(PAs),as well as their correlations with the Human Development Index(HDI)and the number of *** analyzed dengue epidemics in 2002 at two Brazilian urban centers,Belo Horizonte(BH)and Rio de Janeiro(RJ),using PAs as spatial *** results reveal heterogeneous spatial scenarios for both cities,with very weak correlations between R0 and both the number of trips and the HDI;in BH,the values of R0 show a less spatial heterogeneous pattern than in *** BH,there are moderate correlations between incidence and both the number of trips and the HDI;meanwhile,they weakly correlate for ***,the absence of strong correlations between the considered measures indicates that the transmission process should be treated considering the city as a whole.

关键词： Dengue Mathematical mode lBasic reproduction number Urban mobility Urban indices

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Single-cell RNA sequencing facilitates the elucidation of the complete biosynthesis of the antidepressant hyperforin in St. John's wort

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1439-1457页

作者： Song Wu ana Luisa Malaco Morotti Jun Yang ertao Wang evangelos c.Tatsis National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CASs Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai lnstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChineseAcademy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032China UePAMS-cAS-JIcs centre of excellencefor Plant anamlcroblalSclence Snangnal 200032Cnina

Hyperforin is the compound responsible for the effectiveness of ***'s wort(Hypericum perforatum)as an antidepressant,but its complete biosynthetic pathway remains *** discovery based on co-expression analysis of bulk RNA-sequencing data or genome mining failed to discover the missing steps in hyperforin *** this study,we sequenced the 1.54-Gb tetraploid *** genome assem-bled into 32 chromosomes with the scaffold N50 value of 42.44 *** single-cell RNA sequencing,we iden-tified a type of cell,“Hyper cells”,wherein hyperforin biosynthesis de novo takes place in both the leaves and *** pathway reconstitution in yeast and tobacco,we identified and characterized four transmembrane prenyltransferases(HpPT1-4)that are localized at the plastid envelope and complete the hyperforin biosynthetic *** hyperforin polycyclic scaffold is created by a reaction cascade involving an irregular isoprenoid coupling and a tandem *** findings reveal how and where hy-perforin is biosynthesized,enabling synthetic-biology reconstitution of the complete ***,this study not only deepens our comprehension of specialized metabolism at the cellularlevel but also provides strategic guidance for elucidation of the biosynthetic pathways of other specializied metabolites in plants.

关键词： hyperforin Hypericum perforatum de novo genome sequencing single-cell RNA sequencing biosyn-thetic pathway meroterpenoids

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Sudden openings and gradual closures in canopy cover modulate acclimation,survival,and growth of a shade-tolerant rainforest tree species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 78-90页

作者： ana Paula Moretti Flavia Yesica Olguin Juan Marcelo Gauna corina Graciano INFIVe(cONIceT-Universidad Nacional de La Plata) Diagonal 113 N°4951900 La PlataProvincia de Buenos AiresArgentina cONIceT Godoy Cruz 2290C1425FQB Buenos AiresArgentina Facultad de ciencias Agrariasy Forestales Universidad Nacional de La PlataCalle 60y 1181900 La PlataProvincia de Buenos AiresArgentina Facultad de ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de MisionesBertoni 124 km 33380 EldoradoProvincia de MisionesArgentina

Forest disturbances at gap levels are one of the most important events for the regeneration and establishment of intermediate tree *** canopy openings expose plants to high light intensity and high evaporative demands that stress shade-acclimated ***,the slow closure of gaps reduces light availability to plants established when the incident irradiation was *** work evaluated the morphological and physiological acclimation of cabralea canjerana(Vell)*** to sudden and to gradual changes in canopy cover.A pot experiment was carried out with plants exposed to a sudden opening.A few days after the light shock,plants rapidly increased photosynthetic rates and decreased leaf water *** two months,plants activated physiological responses at leaf and whole plant levels to high light and water stresses,e.g.,increased stoma-tal conductance,stomatal index and reduction of leaf:fine roots ratio and *** seven months,hydraulic conductivity of petioles and the whole leaf increased,and growth was much higher than plants that remained under the *** a field experiment in gaps in the rainforest,plants acclimated to all canopy *** years after planting,growth was maximum in open environments within the gaps,even if the canopy closed during the first 20 months after *** conclusion,if this species is planted to enrich the rainforest,positions within gaps with lower canopy cover should be chosen and gap closure will not affect *** manage *** natural regeneration,the opening of gaps and removal of understory will increase survival and growth without the risk that the stress caused by these sudden openings could lead to the death of ***-bining pot and field experiments helps to understand the autecology of trees with particular ecological interest,and to build sound restoration practices.

关键词： cabralea canjerana Atlantic forest Abiotic stress Regeneration Seedling

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Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid castro Sandra carvalho ana Sofia Ramos University of coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation corrosion resistance Bone implants

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Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients: A meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 579-598页

作者： Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos caroline Tianeze de castro Marcel silva Luz Gabriel Reis Rocha Gabriel Lima correa Santos Luís Guilherme de Oliveira silva Mariana Santos calmon cláudio Lima Souza ana carla Zarpelon-Schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Instituto de Saúde coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110040BahiaBrazil campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledo 85919-899ParanáBrazil Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology UFMGBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BAcKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection has been well-established as a significant risk factor for several gastrointestinal *** urea breath test(UBT)has emerged as a leading non-invasive method for detecting *** numerous studies confirming its substantial accuracy,the reliability of UBT results is often compromised by inherent *** findings underscore the need for a rigorous statistical synthesis to clarify and reconcile the diagnostic accuracy of the UBT for the diagnosis of *** *** To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of 13c-UBT and 14c-UBT for *** infection in adult patients with *** We conducted an independent search of the PubMed/MeDLINe,eMBASe,and cochrane central databases until April *** search included diagnostic accuracy studies that evaluated at least one of the index tests(^(13)c-UBT or ^(14)c-UBT)against a reference *** used the QUADAS-2 tool to assess the methodo-logical quality of the *** utilized the bivariate random-effects model to calculate sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative test likelihood ratios(LR+and LR-),as well as the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),and their 95%confidence *** conducted subgroup analyses based on urea dosing,time after urea administration,and assessment *** investigate a possible threshold effect,we conducted Spearman correlation analysis,and we generated summary receiver operating characteristic(SROc)curves to assess ***,we visually inspected a funnel plot and used egger’s test to evaluate publication *** both as reliable diagnostic tools in clinical *** In summary,our study has demonstrated that ^(13)c-UBT has been found to outperform the ^(14)c-UBT,making it the preferred diagnostic ***,our results emphasize the significance of carefully considering urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both tests to enh

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

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effect of Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase in patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1545-1555页

作者： Juan Pablo Stefanolo Verónica Segura Martina Grizzuti Abel Heredia Isabel comino ana Florencia costa Roberto Puebla María Paz Temprano Sonia Isabel Niveloni Gabriel de Diego María e Oregui edgardo Gustavo Smecuol Mauricio c de Marzi elena F Verdú carolina Sousa Julio césar Bai Small Bowel Section Department of MedicineGastroenterology Hospital of Buenos Aires“Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo”Buenos Aires 1264Argentina Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SevilleSeville 41080Spain Department of Medicine Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo Gastroenterology HospitalBuenos Aires 1264Argentina Basic and Applied Research Group in Immunology and Bioactives(GIBAIB) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development(INEDES)National University of LujanLuján 6700Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research InstituteMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8OntarioCanada Facultad de Medicina Universidad del SalvadorBuenos Aires C1051ABBArgentina

BAcKGROUND The gluten-free diet(GFD)has limitations,and there is intense research in the development of adjuvant *** To examine the effects of orally administered Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase protease(AN-PeP)on inadvertent gluten exposure and symptom prevention in adult celiac disease(ceD)patients following their usual *** This was an exploratory,double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled trial that enrolled ceD patients on a long-term *** a 4-wk run-in period,patients were randomized to 4 wk of two AN-PeP capsules(GliadinX;AVI Research,LLc,United States)at each of three meals per day or *** endpoints were:(1)Average weekly stool gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)between the run-in and end of treatments and between AN-PeP and placebo;(2)celiac symptom index(cSI);(3)ceD-specific serology;and(4)quality of *** samples were collected for GIP testing by eLISA every Tuesday and Friday during run-ins and *** Forty patients were randomized for the intention-to-treat analysis,and three were excluded from the per-protocol ***,628/640(98.1%)stool samples were *** was undetectable(es,and no differences between treatment arms were *** 0.5%of samples had GIP concentrations sufficiently high(>0.32μg/g)to potentially cause mucosal *** GIP concentration in the AN-PeP arm was 44.7%lower than in the run-in ***-third of patients exhibiting GIP>0.08μg/g during run-in had lower or undetectable GIP after AN-PeP *** with the run-in period,the proportion of symptomatic patients(cSI>38)in the AN-PeP arm was significantly lower(PeP did not result in changes in specific *** This exploratory study conducted in a real-life setting revealed high adherence to the *** AN-PeP treatment did not significantly reduce the overall GIP stool ***,given the observation of a significantly lower prevale

关键词： celiac disease Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease Gluten immunogenic peptides Trial Symptoms Real-life trial

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Hydroelectrolytic and energetic Replenisher in Horses Undergoing Marcha Training

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第8期14卷 203-216页

作者： José D. Ribeiro Filho Bruna M. Ribeiro Micheline O. silva Samuel R. Alves anaïs c. Benitez Waleska M. F. Dantas Marcel F. B. Avanza Raffaella B. c. Teixeira Pedro Ancelmo N. ermita Laice A. silva Rinaldo B. Viana Hélio c. Manso Filho Department of Veterinary Federal University of Viosa Viosa Brazil Institute of Studies of the Wet Tropic Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Par Xinguara Brazil Department of Veterinary clinic and Surgery Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Institute of Animal Health and Production Federal Rural University of Amazonia Belm Brazil Zootecnics Department Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

The study aimed to assess the clinical, laboratory, and blood gas analysis of horses undergoing Marcha training and the effects of voluntary ingestion of hydroelectrolytic and energy replenishers after exercise. eight horses of both genders aged between 5 and 10 years, were included in the study. The exercise consisted of a 10-min warm-up followed by 45 min uninterrupted Marcha on a flat dirt track in the morning. After exercise, the horses received one of the following treatments: Drinking water (control group);Hydroelectrolytic and energy replenisher containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium acetate, magnesium chloride, sodium citrate, dextrose, maltodextrin, and sucrose in three different concentrations (Replenishers A, B, and c). The horses were distributed across the four treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin Squares design using a Split-plot system with 48-hr intervals. clinical and laboratory evaluations were conducted at four time points: T0 - 5 min before exercise;T1 - up to 5 min after exercise;T2 - 2 hr after starting treatment;and T4 - 4 hr after beginning treatment. concentrations of urea, creatinine, lactate, phosphorus, and ionized calcium significantly changed after exercise. An increase in blood pH and a decrease in chloride concentrations were observed when replenishers B and c were offered after exercise. The replacements were ingested spontaneously by the animals in a volume greater than that of the control group (water). Replacement B was the most ingested by the animals, demonstrating its greatest potential.

关键词： Dehydration electrolyte Replacement exercise Rehydration Voluntary Intake

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exosomes derived from tumor adjacent fibroblasts efficiently target pancreatic tumors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3009-3026页

作者： Saini Setua Shabia Shabir Poornima Shaji ana Martinez Bulnes Anupam Dhasmana Swathi Holla Nivesh K.Mittal Nirakar Sahoo Tripti Saini Francesco Giorgianni Mohammad Sikander Andrew e.Massey Bilal B.Hafeez Manish K.Tripathi Vincent P.Diego Meena Jaggi Junming Yue Nadeem Zafar Murali M.Yallapu Stephen W.Behrman Sheema Khan Subhash c.chauhan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacyand College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center(UTHSC)MemphisTN 36163USA Department of computer Science Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaJ&K 192122India Department of Immunology and Microbiology School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTX 78504USA South Texas center of excellence in cancer Research School of Medicinethe University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTX 78504USA Himalayan School of Biosciences and cancer Research Institute Himalayan Institute of Medical SciencesSwami Rama Himalayan UniversityDehradun 248016India Plough center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions UTHSCMemphisTN 38104USA Department of Biology College of SciencesUTRGVMcAllenTX 78539USA National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering(NIBIB) National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute UTRGVMcAllenTX 78504USA Dept.of Laboratory Medicine&Pathology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Surgery Baptist Memorial Medical EducationBaptist Memorial HospitalMemphisTN 38120USA Baptist Health Sciences University MemphisTN 38104USA

The application of extracellular vesicles,particularly exosomes(eXs),is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine,owing to their remarkable properties as natural carriers of biological *** study investigates utilization of exosomes derived from stromal cells of tumor adjacent normal tissues(NAF-eXs)for personalized medicine,which can be derived at the time of diagnosis by endoscopic ***,we show that exosomes(eXs)derived from NAFs demonstrate differential bio-physical characteristics,efficient cellular internalization,drug loading efficiency,pancreatic tumor targeting and delivery of ***-derived eXs(NAF-eXs)were used for loading ormeloxifene(ORM),a potent anti-cancer and desmoplasia inhibitor as a model *** found that ORM maintains normal fibroblast cell phenotype and renders them incompatible to be triggered for a cAF-like phenotype,which may be due to regulation of ca^(2+) influx in fibroblast ***-eXs-ORM effectively blocked oncogenic signaling pathways involved in desmoplasia and epithelial mesenchymal transition(eMT)and repressed tumor growth in xenograft mouse *** conclusion,our data suggests preferential tropism of NAF-eXs for PDAc tumors,thus imply feasibility of developing a novel personalized medicine for PDAc patients using autologous NAF-eXs for improved therapeutic outcome of anti-cancer ***,it provides the opportunity of utilizing this biological scaffold for effective therapeutics in combination with standard therapeutic regimen.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Tumor adjacent normal tissue fibroblasts(NAF) Desmoplasia extracellular vesicles exosomes Tumor targeting Ormeloxifene Personalized medicine

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Screening of environmental Bacterial Strains for Wild Aedes Mosquito Larval Biocontrol

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2431-2442页

作者： Alexandre Paulo Machado Liliana Alves correa Gabriel de Paula Albuquerque ana Lúcia Maria Ribeiro Rosina Djunko Miyazaki Jéssica da silva Gava Dyego Bichofre cruz Laboratory of Microbiology Medical Faculty Federal University of Mato Grosso Mato Grosso Brazil Laboratory of entomology Institute of Biosciences Federal University of Mato Grosso Mato Grosso Brazil

The effectiveness of current control measures against Aedes mosquitoes remains low, resulting in persistent epidemics in urban areas. The emergence of resistant mosquito populations to chemical insecticides highlights the need for novel, environmentally friendly, cost-effective control strategies. This study explored the potential of environmental bacterial isolates to biocontrol wild Aedes larvae. Initially, we collected bacterial samples from infectious masses of Aedes fluviatilis larvae. The isolated bacteria were identified using biochemical, enzymatic, and molecular methods, including 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF. Previously, Aeromonas hydrophila and Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from these infectious masses showed limited Aedes larval inhibition. consequently, we screened additional environmental isolates from the bacteriotheque. Six isolates previously identified were tested: chromobacterium violaceum, enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus sphaericus, and two strains of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis. Among these strains, B. thuringiensis and c. violaceum exhibited significant inhibitory activities against wild Aedes larvae. Bacillus thuringiensis cultures grown under daylight conditions showed a slight ability to inhibit Aedes larvae. The potential of B. thuringiensis and c. violaceum strains studied, along with optimized culture growth conditions, will be further investigated to develop bioinsecticide products to provide safer and more sustainable alternatives for controlling larvae of Aedes mosquitoes.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis chromobacterium violaceum Aedes Biocontrol Larval Inhibition

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