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Dietary supplementation with branchedchain amino acids enhances milk production by lactating sows and the growth of suckling piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1857-1870页

作者： Reza Rezaei ana san gabriel Guoyao Wu Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Ajinomoto Co. Inc1-15-1 KyobashiChuokuTokyo 104-8315Japan

Background:Under current dietary regimens,milk production by lactating sows is insufficient to sustain the maximal growth of their *** precursors of glutamate and glutamine as well as substrates and activators of protein synthesis,branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs)have great potential for enhancing milk production by ***:Thirty multiparous sows were assigned randomly into one of three groups:control(a corn-and soybean meal-based diet),the basal diet+1.535%BCAAs;and the basal diet+3.07%*** ratio(g/g)among the supplemental L-isoleucine,L-leucine and L-valine was 1.00:2.56:*** were made isonitrogenous by the addition of appropriate amounts of *** sows had free access to drinking water and their respective *** number of live-born piglets was standardized to 9 per sow at d 0 of lactation(the day of parturition).On d 3,15 and 29 of lactation,body weights and milk consumption of piglets were measured,and blood samples were obtained from sows and piglets 2 h and 1 h after feeding and nursing,***:Feed intake did not differ among the three groups of *** of asparagine,glutamate,glutamine,citrulline,arginine,proline,BCAAs,and many other amino acids were greater(P<0.05)in the plasma of BCAA-supplemented sows and their piglets than those in the control *** with the control,dietary supplementation with 1.535%and 3.07%BCAAs increased(P<0.05)concentrations of free and protein-bound BCAAs,glutamate plus glutamine,aspartate plus asparagine,and many other amino acids in milk;milk production by 14%and 21%,respectively;daily weight gains of piglets by 19%and 28%,respectively,while reducing preweaning mortality rates by 50%and 70%,***:Dietary supplementation with up to 3.07%BCAAs enhanced milk production by lactating sows,and the growth and survival of their piglets.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Lactation Milk synthesis Milk yield Neonatal growth Sow

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Semantic framework of event detection in emergency situations for smart buildings

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第1期8卷 64-79页

作者： Yudith Cardinale gabriel Freites Edgar Valderrama ana Aguilera Chinnapong Angsuchotmetee Departamento de Computacidn Universidad Simon BolivarCaracasVenezuela Escuela de Ingenieria Informatica Universidad de ValparaisoValparaisoChile Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Thailand

Multimedia Sensor Networks(MSNs)have enhanced the ability to analyze the environment and provide responses based on its current ***,MSNs are composed of scalar and multimedia sensors that have fixed ***,given the advancement of smart mobile device technologies,it is currently possible to dynamically integrate mobile sensors into *** this paper,we propose a formal platform to manage MSNs and the data gathered from them to detect complex *** main contributions include:M^(2)SSN-Onto,a Mobile and Multimedia Semantic Sensor Networks Ontology;Py-CEMiD,an engine for detecting complex events and generate reactions to them;a mobile device location engine to locate mobile sensors;and a proof-of-concept in the context of detecting emergency situations in smart *** scenarios are validated for emergency events,combining simulated sensor measurements with real measurements of mobile *** show complex events can be detected in near real time(less than 1 s).

关键词： Multimedia sensor network Semantic web Event processing Ontology Geolocalisation

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Characterization of the Topography and Wettability of English Weed Leaves and Biomimetic Replicas

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第3期11卷 346-359页

作者： Pedro Miguel Matos Pereira ana Sofia Moita gabriel Amaro Monteiro Duarte Miguel Franca Prazeres IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pals 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal IN+ - Center for Innovation Technology and Policy Research Instituto Superior T~cnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal

The topography and wettability of the underside of English weed （Oxalis pes-caprae） leaves and of their biomimetic replicas are investigated. Polyvinyl siloxane molds were cast from the leaves and then filled with an epoxy pre-polymer to produce replicas. The particular topographical structures of leaves and replicas were evaluated by optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） analysis. The static wettability of leaves and replicas was assessed by contact angle measurements, while the dynamic wettability was characterized by estimating contact angle hysteresis and studying the dynamic behavior of impacting water droplets. A smooth glass slip and its replica were used as control surfaces. The replica moulding method used was able to transfer the characteristic pattern of irregular 100 μm - 200 μm × 60 μm convex papillae interspersed with stomata of the original leaf to the epoxy replicas. The static contact angle of 143°± 3° and the contact angle hysteresis of 2~ indicate that the underside of the English weed leaf is close to superhydrophobic. The lower contact angles （130° ± 4°） and higher hysteresis （31°） observed for the replica when compared with the original leaves were associated to an inaccurate replication of the chemistry and structures of the three-dimensional wax projections covering the plant surface. Also, trichomes in the original leaves could not be accurately reproduced due to their flexibility and fragility. Differences in wetting behavior were also evident from droplet impact experiments, with rebound regimes prevailing in the original leaves and regimes characterized by higher adhesion and larger dissipation predominating in the replicas. Nevertheless, the morphological features of the leaf transferred to the replica were sufficient to promote a clear hydrophobic behavior of the replica when compared with the smooth epoxy reference surface.

关键词： biomimetic surfaces oxalis pes-caprae English weed replica molding wettability micro-topography

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Long-term open circuit microbial electrosynthesis system promotes methanogenesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第2期29卷 3-6页

作者： Raúl Mateos Adrián Escapa María Isabel san-Martín Heleen De Wever ana Sotres Deepak Pant Chemical and Environmental Bioprocess Engineering Group Natural Resources Institute(IRENA)University of LeonLeon 24071Spain Department of Electrical Engineering and Automatic Systems Universidad de LeonLeon 24071Spain Reparation and Conversion Technology Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)Mol 2400Belgium

Microbial electrosynthesis(MES) can potentially provide a mean for storing renewable energy surpluses as chemical energy. However, the fluctuating nature of these energy sources may represent a threat to MES, as the microbial communities that develop on the biocathode rely on the continuous existence of a polarized electrode. This work assesses how MES performance, product generation and microbial community evolution are affected by a long-period(6 weeks) power off(open circuit). Acetogenic and H2-producing bacteria activity recovered after reconnection. However, few days later syntrophic acetate oxidation bacteria and H2-consuming methanogens became dominant, producing CH4 as the main product, via electromethanogenesis and the syntrophic interaction between eubacterial and archaeal communities which consume both the acetic acid and the hydrogen present in the cathode environment. Thus,the system proved to be resilient to a long-term power interruption in terms of electroactivity. At the same time, these results demonstrated that the system could be extensively affected in both end product generation and microbial communities.

关键词： Biocathode Electromethanogenesis Microbial electrosynthesis Microbial community dynamics Methanogens Acetogens

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Serological survey of avian influenza virus infection of unvaccinated backyard chickens in Mandlhakazi,Southern Mozambique

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 686-688页

作者： Paula Taunde ana Felicidade Lucas Abel Chilundo Rosa Costa Custodio gabriel Bila Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Eduardo Mondlane University Kyeema Foundation

To investigate serologically the presence of avian influenza virus (AIV) in backyard chickens from Mandlhakazi district, Southern *** total of 439 sera samples from unvaccinated and apparently healthy backyard chickens from 4 villages (Chidenguele, Macuacua, Chizavane, and Nwadjahane) were tested for the presence of AIV antibodies through commercial enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) kit used according to manufacturer ***-AIV antibodies were detected in all villages surveyed. The overall seroprevalence obtained was 32.6% (95% CI 28.2%-37.0%). The highest prevalence of 51.3% (95% CI 42.3%-60.2%) was recorded in Macuacua village, while the lowest prevalence of 13.0% (95% CI 6.2%-19.9%) was found in Chizavane village. The results of logistic regression analyses suggested that chicken being located in Chizavane and Macuacua villages were more unlikely for getting the virus exposure (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggested that AIV is widespread within backyard chickens in the studied villages. Further research is needed to identify the circulating virus genotypes and determine the potential role of backyard chickens in the zoonotic transmission of AIV in Mozambique.

关键词： Avian influenza virus Serology Prevalence Backyard chicken Mozambique Africa

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Sperm nuclear histone H2B： correlation with sperm DNA denaturation and DNA stainability

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第6期10卷 865-871页

作者： Armand Zini Xiaoyang Zhang Maria san gabriel Division of Urology Department of Surgery Royal Victoria Hospital McGill University Montreal Quebec H3T 1M5Canada

Aim： To examine the relationship between sperm DNA damage and sperm nuclear histone （H2B） staining. Methods： We evaluated sperm samples from 14 consecutive asthenoteratozoospermic infertile men and six consecutive fertile controls. Sperm nuclear histone （H2B） staining and sperm chromatin integrity （assessed by sperm chromatin structure assay and expressed using the percentage of （i） DNA fragmentation index [%DFI] and （ii） high DNA stainability [%HDS）]） were evaluated. Results： Histone H2B immunocytochemistry demonstrated two nuclear staining patterns：（i） focal punctate staining; and （ii） diffuse staining. Infertile men had a higher mean percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting diffuse H2B staining than did fertile men （7.7%± 4.6% vs. 1.6% ±1.2%, respectively, P 〈 0.01）. We observed significant relationships between the proportion of spermatozoa with diffuse nuclear histone staining and both sperm %DFI （r = 0.63, P 〈 0.01） and sperm %HDS （r = 0.63, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： The data demonstrate that infertile men have a higher proportion of spermatozoa with diffuse histone H2B than do fertile men and suggest that sperm DNA damage might, at least in part, be due to abnormally high histone H2B levels.

关键词： spermatozoa sperm DNA histones male infertility DNA fragmentation

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The variability of juvenile dispersal in an opportunistic raptor

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 244-254页

作者： Jorge Garcia-Macia gabriel Lopez-Poveda Javier De La Puente ana Bermejo-Bermejo Manuel Galan Ernesto Alvarez Sara Morollon Vicente Urios Vertebrates Zoology Research Group University of AlicanteApdo.99E-03080 AlicanteSpain SEO/BirdLife Bird Monitoring UnitC/Melquiades Biencinto34E-28053MadridSpain GREFA C/MontedelPilarS/NE-28220 MajadahondaMadridSpain

The juvenile dispersal of raptors is a crucial stage that stretches from parental independence to the establishment of the first breeding *** 2012 and 2020,44 juvenile red kites Milvus milvus from the Spanish breeding population were tagged using GPS telemetry to study their *** left the parental breeding area at the end of their first summer and performed wandering movements throughout the Iberian Peninsula,returning to the parental breeding area the following year,repeating the same pattern until they settled in their first breeding *** analyzed the mean distance from the nest,the maximum reached distances,and the traveled distances(daily and hourly)during the first 2 years of dispersal and compared *** the high individual variability,variables describing the dispersal movements of juveniles showed a decreasing trend during the second dispersal year:80% of individuals reached a shorter maximum distance in the second year,70% decreased their mean distance to the nest,65% decreased their hourly traveled distances,and 50% decreased their daily traveled *** the other hand,the red kites usually combined wandering movements with the establishment of temporary settlement areas(TSA).The average duration of settlement in the TSAs was 75±40 days(up to 182 days)and was located at 182±168 km from the *** those areas,juveniles used 781.0±1895.0 km^(2)(KDE 95%).Some of the TSAs were used by several individuals,which suggests that these areas might be good targets for conservation in future management plans.

关键词： GPS telemetry landfills movement ecology natal dispersal red kite spatial ecology

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Mesozoic and Cenozoic microbiotas from eastern Antarctic Peninsula: adaptation to a changing palaeoenvironment

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第3期30卷 165-185页

作者： Cecilia R.AMENáBAR Andrea CARAMéS Susana ADAMONIS ana DOLDAN gabriel MACEIRAS Andrea CONCHEYRO Instituto de Estudios Andinos"Don Pablo Groeber".Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires.Pabellón II.Ciudad Universitaria Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires Instituto Antártico Argentino

A compiled selected literature on some groups of microfossils of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic of the James Ross Basin,eastern Antarctic Peninsula,is presented here,in order to show how the microbiota has been modified over time,triggered by environmental *** analyzed microfossils consist of palynomorphs(mostly pollen grains,spores,and dinoflagellate cysts),foraminifers and *** cysts and pollen-spores have been recorded in Jurassic to Pleistocene sedimentary *** cysts proved to be good indicators for productivity and/or nutrient availability,surface water temperature and chemistry,the position of ancient shorelines and paleoceanographic *** and spores allowed reconstruction of floral community and thus characterization of the climate that prevailed on the ***,recovered from the Lower Cretaceous to the Pleistocene sedimentary rocks,provided information about the bathymetry,showing different marine settings(e.g.,coastal,inner neritic,outer neritic,upper bathyal)in different *** bryozoan record is restricted to the *** colonial growth-forms reflect several environmental conditions such as shallow waters with a low rate of sedimentation,hard substrate and moderate or strong current action for the analyzed *** study of the Antarctic ecosystems based on the fossil microbiota and their response to the climate and the continental configuration changes,allowed understanding of the composition and dynamics of the polar environments,which have an important role in the Earth climate.

关键词： pollen-spores dinoflagellate cysts foraminifers bryozoans palaeoenvironment Mesozoic-Cenozoic James Ross Basin Antarctic Peninsula

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Relationship between methylation and colonic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第30期20卷 10591-10598页

作者： Triana Lobaton Daniel Azuara Francisco Rodriguez-Moranta Carolina Loayza Xavier sanjuan Javier de Oca ana Fernandez-Robles Jordi Guardiola gabriel Capella Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of BellvitgeIDIBELLHospitalet de Llobregat08907 BarcelonaSpain Translational Research Laboratory Catalan Institute of OncologyIDIBELLHospitalet de Llobregat08907 BarcelonaSpain Department of Pathology University Hospital of BellvitgeIDIBELLHospitalet de Llobregat08907 BarcelonaSpain Department of Surgery Colorectal UnitUniversity Hospital of BellvitgeIDIBELLHospitalet de Llobregat08907 BarcelonaSpain

AIM:To investigate the relationship between the methylation status in the SLIT2 and TGFB2 promoters and colonic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease ***:We evaluated the methylation status of 2genes(SLIT2 and TGFB2)in 226 biopsies taken from62 colonoscopies of 38 patients(29 ulcerative colitis and 9 Crohn’s colitis)using methylation-specific melting curve *** relationships between methylation status and clinical,biological,endoscopic and histological activities were ***-three of the 38patients had a second colonoscopy and were included in a longitudinal *** results were given as the means±SD of the sample and range,except when *** t analysis,U Mann Whitney and ANOVA factor were used to compare the *** results were based on theχ2 ***:SLIT2 methylation was more frequent in samples with endoscopic activity than with endoscopic remission(55%vs 18%,Panalysis,only inflammation status(and not disease duration or extension)was independently associated with SLIT2 methylation[OR=6.6(95%CI:1.65-27.36),P=0.009].In the longitudinal analysis,the maintenance of endoscopic remission was protective for ***:Endoscopic and histological inflammation are predictive for SLIT2 methylation.

关键词： Colonic inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Aberrant methylation Dysplasia Colitis associated colorectal cancer

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Urban development and industrialization impacts on semiaquatic bugs diversity: A case study in eastern Amazonian streams

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第4期1卷 43-50页

作者： Erlane Jose Cunha gabriel Martins Cruz ana Paula Justino Faria John Nascimento De Oliveira Leandro Juen Programa de Pos-graduaçao em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Para e Embrapa Amazonia OrientalRua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Programa de Pos-graduaçao em Zoologia Universidade Federal do Para/Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiRua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Laboratorio de Ecologia e Conservaçao Universidade Federal do Para/Rua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Agricultura e Ambiente Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientais e BiodiversidadeUniversidade Estadual do MaranhaoSao LuísBrazil Hydro Alunorte Rodovia PA–481km 12Distrito de MurucupiCEP68447-000BarcarenaParaBrazil

Landscape changes have caused the decline of biodiversity and affected the integrity of aquatic *** this study,we assessed the influence of industrialization associated with urban development on aquatic environments and the biodiversity of semiaquatic bugs(Gerromorpha)at different scales(water quality,habitat,and landscape).Using the simple buffer method,we evaluated nine streams assessing water quality variables,habitat structure,and linear features(radius¼300 m,length¼600 m)for the percentage of land use and land *** results found that species composition of Gerromorpha was mainly affected by primary forest cover,habitat integrity,leaves substrate,and water temperature(29%explanation),and the species richness was mostly influenced by the habitat integrity index(HII)and phosphorus *** model that best explained the variation in species richness showed a positive relationship with phosphorus concentrations and HII(43%variation).Therefore,our results show that those human activities are the main factors altering aquatic biodiversity from local to regional ***,the retention of riparian forests–even in urban and industrialized areas–can maintain the diversity of semiaquatic insect species by providing suitable environments for the habitat,feeding,and reproductive requirements of these aquatic ***,our results also show that the management of riparian vegetation in urban areas and industrial complexes promotes aquatic biodiversity conservation in regions under development in the Amazon.

关键词： Aquatic insects Biodiversity conservation Gerromorpha Stream conservation Land use

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