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Extreme Rainfall Events in the Southwest of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and Its Association with the Sandization Process

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American Journal of Climate Change 2019年第4期8卷 441-453页

作者： Fabio Sanches Roberto Verdum Gilberto Fisch Sidnei L. Bohn Gass Vinícius m. Rocha Department of Geosciences Federal University of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora (UFJF) (MG) Brazil Department of Geography Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre (RS) Brazil Department of Agrarian Sciences University of Taubaté (UNITAU) (SP) Taubaté Brazil Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAmPA) Itaqui (RS) Brazil Center for Agricultural Environmental and Biological Sciences Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB) Cruz da Almas (BA) Brazil

Part of the sandization process in southwestern Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) originates from daily torrential rains. However, it is believed that climate changes have been provoking more frequent and more intense rains in the region, a phenomenon which can change the dynamic of erosion/transport/sedimentation natural processes. The objective of this work is to identify the behavior of daily rainfall extreme events (in terms of their frequency, return time, tendency and genesis), relating them to both climatic change issue and enhancement of erosive processes. We have used daily rainfall data from meteorology stations of Brazilian National Water Agency (ana) for the period between 1928 and 2017 and the percentile 99 was used to identify daily rainfall extreme value (71.5 mm). The upper values were categorized and their absolute and relative frequencies as well as their return time were identified. The temporal tendency of these events was evaluated by the mann-Kendall test, considering the 90 years of the series. The results showed that there was a significant increase in heavy rainfall events in November and December in the last two decades and that the return time for these events decreased throughout the time. Synoptic analyses from GOES 13 satellite infrared imagery and from ECmWF/ERA/Interim reanalysis data allowed concluding that such intense rainfall events originated themselves from the transport of moisture from the Amazon by Low-Level Jets, which promoted the formation of mesoscale Convective Complex, with large volumes of rain in the study region. Thus, the recurrence of these events in the southwest of Rio Grande do Sul may intensify these sandization processes, since they arise from the association between natural morphoscultural dynamics and agricultural practices, generating environmental problems for the region.

关键词： Climate Change Sandization mesoscale Convective Complexes Low-Level Jets Statistical Tests

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HPLC-ELSD法测定黄芪中四种皂苷类成分的含量

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山东中医杂志 2017年第5期36卷 411-413页

作者：崔雪莹刘阿娜陈迩东蒋海强容蓉山东中医药大学山东济南250355

目的:探讨蒸发光散射检测器高效液相色谱法(HPLC-ELSD)测定黄芪中四种皂苷类活性成分含量的可行性。方法:采用ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,水-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.8 m L/min,载气流速1.2 L/min,漂移管温度105℃... 详细信息

目的:探讨蒸发光散射检测器高效液相色谱法(HPLC-ELSD)测定黄芪中四种皂苷类活性成分含量的可行性。方法:采用ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,水-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.8 m L/min,载气流速1.2 L/min,漂移管温度105℃。结果:黄芪甲苷、黄芪皂苷Ⅰ、黄芪皂苷Ⅱ、黄芪皂苷Ⅲ的含量分别为4.40 mg/g、0.28 mg/g、1.42 mg/g、1.31 mg/g,四种皂苷分别在0.476~5.712μg、0.139~8.340μg、0.434~6.944μg、0.392~4.704μg范围内呈线性关系,精密度实验RSD分别为2.25%、0.81%、2.52%、2.31%,平均回收率分别为101.84%、98.96%、103.27%、100.35%。结论:该方法快速、准确,适用于黄芪四种皂苷类成分的含量测定。

关键词： HPLC-ELSD 黄芪皂苷含量测定

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物理疗法与简易疼痛处理程序初期治疗腰背痛的比较:一项关于物理疗法的随机临床试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 2-3页

作者： Hay E.m. mullis R. Lewis m. 郭俊 Primary Care Sciences Res earch Centre Keele University Keele Staffordshire ST5 5BG United Kingdom Prof.

Background: Recommendations for the management of low back pain in primary ca re emphasise the importance of recognising and addressing psychosocial factors a t an early stage. We compared the effectiveness of a brief pain- management pro gramme with physiotherapy incorporating manual therapy for the reduction of disa bility at 12 months in patients consulting primary care with subacute low back p ain. methods: For this pragmatic, multicentre, randomised clinical trial, eligib le participants consulted primary care with non- specific low back pain of less than 12 weeks’ duration. They were randomly assigned either a programme of pa in management (n=201) or manual therapy (n=201). The primary outcome was change in the score on the Roland and morris disability questionnaire at 12 months. ana lysis was by intention to treat. Findings: Of 544 patients assessed for eligibil ity, 402 were recruited (mean age 40.6 years) and 329 (82% )- reached 12- mon th follow- up. mean disability scores were 13.8 (SD 4.8) for the pain- managem ent group and 13.3 (4.9) for the manual- therapy group. The mean decreases in d isability scores were 8.8 (6.4) and 8.8 (6.1) at 12 months (difference 0 [95% CI - 1.3 to 1.4], p=0.99), and median numbers of physiotherapy visits per patie nt were three (IQR one to five) and four (two to five), respectively (p=0.001). One adverse reaction (an exacerbation of pain after the initial assessment) was recorded. Interpretation: Brief pain management techniques delivered by appropri ately trained clinicians offer an alternative to physiotherapy incorporating man ual therapy and could provide a more efficient first- line approach for managem ent of non- specific subacute low back pain in primary care.

关键词：初期治疗腰背痛随机临床试验非特异性下腰痛处理程序腰痛患者 orris 功能障碍心理社会因素持续时间

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功能性磁共振成像能反映先天性中枢性肺换气不足综合征中组织内氧过多

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 56-57页

作者： Woo m.A. macey P.m. macey K.E. R.m. Harper 王经纬 Department of Neurobiology Univ. of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095- 1763 United States Dr.

Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) patients show partial rete ntion of peripheral chemoreception despite impaired ventilatory responses to CO2 and hypoxia. The condition allows examination of central responses to hyperoxia , which minimizes afferent traffic from peripheral chemoreceptors. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess blood oxygen level- dependent signals over the brain during a baseline and subsequen t 2- min hyperoxia (100% O2) period in 14 CCHS and 15 control subjects. After partitioning gray matter and correcting for global effects, the images were ana lyzed using volume- of- interest time trends followed by repeated- measures A NOVA and conventional cluster analyses. Respiratory rates initially (first 20 s) fell in CCHS, but rose in control subjects; CCHS heart rate increased in the fi rst minute, and then decreased in the second minute, as in controls, but with mu ted rise and extent of decline. multiple sites within the cerebellum, midbrain, and pons responded similarly to the challenge in both groups. Response patterns differed early in the right amygdala, paralleling initial respiratory pattern de ficits, and late in the right insula, concomitant with cardiac rate differences. Signals also differed between groups in the medial and anterior cingulate, hipp ocampus, head of caudate, and lentiform nuclei, as well as pontine and midbrain structures and regionswithin the superior temporal and inferior frontal cortical gyri. The findings emphasize that structures that can alter respiratory timing, such as the amygdala, and modulate sympathetic outflow, such as the right insul a, are deficient in CCHS. medullary and pontine areas targeted by PHOX2B express ion are also affected.

关键词：肺换气中枢性外周化学感受器血氧水平依赖扣带回脑灰质杏仁核通气反应反应模式前额部

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Carbon and Nitrogen in the Soil Profile under the Canopy Dipteryx alata(Baru)in Pasture

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Journal of Life Sciences 2018年第4期12卷 189-194页

作者： maria Luisa Pegoraro Rodrigues Sebastiao Ferreira de Lima ana Paula Leite de Lima Natália Pegoraro Rodrigues maria Aparecida dos Santos Amanda Amorim da Silva Autonomous graduate in forestry engineeringresearch in silvicultureNova Andradina 79750-000Brazil Agronomy and forestry engineering Federal University of Mato Grosso do SulChapadao do Sul 79560-000Brazil Autonomous graduate in forestry engineeringresearch in silvicultureAlcinópolis 79530-000Brazil PhD student in Terrestrial ecotoxicology at the University of Aveiro/Aarhus Aveiro 3200-628Portugal

The presence of trees in the pastures can bring several benefits to both the animals and to the soil under their ***,the objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of organic carbon and nitrogen under the baru canopy in the soil *** adult baru trees were *** samplings were made at the four cardinal points at four different distance points from the projection radius of the crown,being:P1=one-third of the crown projection radius length;P2=two-thirds of the crown projection radius length;P3=extremity of the crown projection radius;P4=one and a half times the maximum crown projection radius *** samples were collected at each point at depths of 0-0.10,0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 *** carbon and nitrogen contents were evaluated and the C/N ratio was *** baru trees influenced the soil organic and carbon contents in the areas under their *** organic carbon and nitrogen contents were higher in relation to the tree trunk(P1)and also in the most superficial layer of the soil(0-0.10 m).The C/N ratio was higher outside the tree canopy and in the deeper layer.

关键词： Organic matter C/N ratio leguminous trees

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Outcome in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after capsule endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013年第11期5卷 551-558页

作者： Alex Caas-Ventura Lucia márque Xavier Bessa Josep maria DedeuDepartment of Gastroenterology Hospital del mar Research Institute Pompeu Fabra University marc Puigvehí Sílvia Delgado-Aros Ines ana Ibáez Agustin Seoane Luis Barranco Felipe Bory montserrat Andreu Begoa González-Suárez Department of Gastroenterology Hospital del Mar Research InstitutePompeu Fabra University Endoscopic Unit Gastroenterology DepartmentICMDiM. Hospital Clínic

AIm: To investigate the clinical impact of capsule endoscopy(CE) after an obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) episode, focusing on diagnostic work-up, followup and predictive factors of rebleeding. mETHODS: Patients who were referred to Hospital del mar(Barcelona, Spain) between 2007 and 2009 for OGIB who underwent a CE were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, current treatment with non-steroid antiinflammtory drugs or anticoagulant drugs, hemoglobin levels, transfusion requirements, previous diagnostic tests for the bleeding episode, as well as CE findings(significant or non-significant), work-up and patient out-comes were analyzed from electronic charts. Variables were compared by χ 2 analysis and Student t test. Risk factors of rebleeding were assessed by Log-rank test, Kaplan-meier curves and Cox regression model. RESULTS: There were 105 patients [45.7% women, median age of 72 years old(interquartile range 56-79)] and a median follow-up of 326 d(interquartile range 123-641) included in this study. The overall diagnostic yield of CE was 58.1%(55.2% and 63.2%, for patients with occult OGIB and overt OGIB, respectively). In 73 patients(69.5%), OGIB was resolved. multivariate analysis showed that hemoglobin levels lower than 8 g/dL at diagnosis [hazard ratios(HR) = 2.7, 95%CI: 1.9-6.3], patients aged 70 years and above(HR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.2-6.1) and significant findings in CE(HR = 2.4, 95%CI: 1.1-5.8) were independent predictors of rebleeding. CONCLUSION: One third of the patients presented with rebleeding after CE; risk factors were hemoglobin levels < 8 g/dL, age ≥ 70 years or the presence of significant lesions.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Small bowel Angiodysplasia Enteroscopy

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自动网络分析仪微波测量的过去、现在和将来

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国外计量 1983年第4期 60-62页

作者： m.A.maury 诸康

一、引言计算机控制的自动测试系统之所以很快成为所有类型的微波测量及微波产品的设计、研制、生产试验和计量等方面的基本工具,主要理由可归纳为:1.准确度改进——通过提高软件准确度的技术(它弥补了硬件的缺陷)和使用适当的校准标准... 详细信息

一、引言计算机控制的自动测试系统之所以很快成为所有类型的微波测量及微波产品的设计、研制、生产试验和计量等方面的基本工具,主要理由可归纳为:1.准确度改进——通过提高软件准确度的技术(它弥补了硬件的缺陷)和使用适当的校准标准来达到。2.数据采集速度加快——减少测试时间

关键词：微波测量所有 ana SmA 软件硬件控制器调节器六端口自动测试系统

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在国家儿童风湿病及眼病数据库中青少年性特发性关节炎中的葡萄膜炎流行病学研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 45-46页

作者： Heiligenhaus A Niewerth m mingels A 邢咏新(译) Augenabteilung am St. Franziskus-Hospital Hohenzollernring 74 48145 Munster Germany 不详

Background: Uveitis is a frequent and potentially vision-threatening manifestation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). There are only a few population-based studies providing data on the frequency and severity of uveitis. methods: Documentation of patients with JIA was collected in a national database. An analysis of the paediatric rheumatologic and ophthalmologic data collected from all patients that were included in 2002 was performed. Results: Uveitis was documented in 12%of a total of 3271JIA patients: extended oligoarthritis (25%), persistent oligoarthritis (16%), seronegative polyarthritis (4%), seropositive polyarthritis (2%), psoriatic arthritis (10%), enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) (7%), Systemic arthritis(1%), other arthritis forms (11%) Opthalmologic data were available from 115 uveitis patients (28%). mean age at onset of uveitis was 5.2 (SD 3.2) years. JIA patients with uveitis were significantly younger at onset of arthritis (3.8 vs. 7.0 years), and were more often girls (74 vs. 63%) or ana-positive (86 vs. 42%) than the patients without uveitis. Uveitis complications were present in 45%at initial presentation of uveitis. After a mean duration of 5.6 years, complications were noted in 56%, and included band keratopathy (29%), posterior synechiae (27%), cataract (26%), glaucoma (8%), and macula oedema (6%). Final visual acuity was less than 20/50 in 31%and less than 20/200 in 12%of eyes. In patients with uveitis, immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs were used significantly more often than in patients without uveitis (75%vs. 43%). Conclusions: The nationwide data documents the spectrum of uveitis in patients with JIA, the complications and the therapy for uveitis. The high rate of uveitis complications at the time of diagnosis points out the need for early ophthalmologic screening and therapy, and for a close collaboration between ophthalmologist and paediatric rheumatologist.

关键词：特发性关节炎葡萄膜炎青少年性流行病学研究数据库风湿病眼病儿童关节炎患者银屑病性关节炎

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Glutamine or Glutamine Dipeptide Supplementation Improves Gluconeogenesis and Liver Glycogenosis in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2019年第7期7卷 398-407页

作者： Silvia Carla S.F.Azevedo Carlos Vinicius D.da Rosa ana Luiza m.Wunderlich Laís A.Yamada Isabela R.mariano Camila Bataglini Nayra T.D.Branquinho Scarlett R.Raposo Roberto B.Bazotte Edmara A.Baroni maria Raquel m.Natali maria montserrat D.Pedrosa Vilma A.F.de Godoi Program of Graduate Studies in Cell and molecular Biology State University of MaringáMaringá87020-900Brazil Program of Graduate Studies in Physiological Sciences State University of MaringáMaringá87020-900Brazil Undergraduation in Biological Sciences University Center of MaringáMaringá87050-390Brazil Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics State University of MaringáMaringá87020-900Brazil Department of Physiological Sciences State University of MaringáMaringá87020-900Brazil Department of morphological Sciences State University of MaringáMaringá87020-900Brazil

The effects of the supplementation with L-glutamine(GLN)or L-alanyl-L-glutamine(GDP)on the progression of the systemic and hepatic metabolic status of rats having untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1Dm)were *** Wistar diabetic rats(streptozotocin,60 mg/kg)were allotted to four groups supplemented by gavage for thirty days as follows:control and diabetic receiving saline;diabetic receiving GLN(248 mg/kg);and diabetic receiving GDP(400 mg/kg).Body weight,plasmatic parameters and kidney function were *** hepatocytes were used to assess gluconeogenic *** and kidney were used for morphological analyses.T1Dm decreased the number and increased the area of the hepatocytes,possibly because of the observed enlargement of glycogen *** weight,glomerular area and proteinuria increased,and glomerular filtration rate decreased,in non-supplemented T1Dm *** area and proteinuria were reversed by both *** T1Dm hepatocytes released less glucose,which could have been diverted to glycogen synthesis and secondary glycogenosis observed in T1Dm;this was partially reversed by the *** results point to a possible beneficial effect of glutamine on the metabolic and hepatic impairments of T1Dm.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes mellitus L-glutamine glutamine dipeptide gluconeogenesis glycogenosis

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Architect^(Tm)——mEmS系统级仿真及工艺分析工具(英文)

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微纳电子技术 2004年第4期41卷 32-39页

作者： m.G.daSilva 刘世明美国Coventor公司美国ImAG公司北京100037

主要介绍了一种全新的设计方法,在标准的EDA设计环境里、采用可重复使用的mEmS设计库单元,使设计者能够对mEmS产品的工艺可行性作分析。这种设计方法是mEmS开发单位采用“面向加工的设计方法”的重要基础。

关键词： Architect mEmS 系统级仿真工艺分析工具微机电系统 EDA设计电子设计自动化

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