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Cirrhosis in children and adolescents: An overview

World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 392-405页

作者： Raquel Borges Pinto ana claudia reis schneider Themis Reverbel da Silveira Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Hospital da Crianca Conceicao Porto Alegre 91340 480 Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS 90040-060 Brazil.

Several conditions, especially chronic liver diseases, can lead to cirrhosis in children and adolescents. Most cases in clinical practice are caused by similar etiologies. In infants, cirrhosis is most often caused by biliary atresia and genetic-metabolic diseases, while in older children, it tends to result from autoimmune hepatitis,Wilson's disease, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and primary sclerosing cholangitis. The symptoms of cirrhosis in children and adolescents are similar to those of adults. However, in pediatric patients, the first sign of cirrhosis is often poor weight gain. The complications of pediatric cirrhosis are similar to those observed in adult patients, and include gastrointestinal bleeding caused by gastroesophageal varices, ascites and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In pediatric patients, special attention should be paid to the nutritional alterations caused by cirrhosis, since children and adolescents have higher nutritional requirements for growth and development. Children and adolescents with chronic cholestasis are at risk for several nutritional deficiencies. Malnutrition can have severe consequences for both pre- and post-liver transplant patients. The treatment of cirrhosis-induced portal hypertension in children and adolescents is mostly based on methods developed for adults. The present article will review the diagnostic and differential diagnostic aspects of end-stage liver disease in children, as well as the major treatment options for this condition.

关键词： Cirrhosis Liver diseases Nutrition Pediatric patients Portal hypertension

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Chronic exposure to ethanol causes steatosis and inflammation in zebrafish liver

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第8期9卷 418-426页

作者： ana claudia reis schneider Cleandra Gregório Carolina Uribe-Cruz Ranieli Guizzo Tais Malysz Maria Cristina Faccioni-Heuser Larisse Longo Themis Reverbel da Silveira La-boratório Experimental de Hepatologia e Gastroenterologia Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Programa de Pós- Graduacao em Ciências Médicas Gastroenterologia e HepatologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Genética e Biologia Molecular(UFRGS) Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde(UFRGS) Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas(UFRGS) Centro de Microscopia Eletronica(UFRGS)

AIM To evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to ethanol in the liver and the expression of inflammatory genesin *** Zebrafish(n = 104),wild type,adult,male and female,were divided into two groups:Control and ethanol(0.05 v/v).The ethanol was directly added into water;tanks water were changed every two days and the ethanol *** animals were fed twice a day with fish food until *** two and four weeks of trial,livers were dissected,histological analysis(hematoxilineosin and Oil Red staining) and gene expression assessment of adiponectin,adiponectin receptor 2(adipor2),sirtuin-1(sirt-1),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(tnf-a),interleukin-1b(il-1b) and interleukin-10(il-10) were *** evaluations were conducted at fourth *** Exposing zebrafish to 0.5% ethanol developed intense liver steatosis after four weeks,as demonstrated by oil red *** ethanol-treated animals,the main ultrastructural changes were related to cytoplasmic lipid particles and droplets,increased number of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns and glycogen *** two and four weeks,hepatic mR NA expression of il-1b,sirt-1 and adipor2 were upregulated,indicating that ethanol triggered signaling molecules which are key elements in both hepatic inflammatory and protective *** was not detected in the liver of animals exposed and not exposed to ethanol,and il-10 did not show significant *** Data suggest that inflammatory signaling and ultrastructural alterations play a significant role during hepatic steatosis in zebrafish chronically exposed to ethanol.

关键词： Ethanol Hepatic steatosis Inflammation Zebrafish Alcoholic fatty liver

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Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid Castro Sandra Carvalho ana Sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

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Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients: A meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 579-598页

作者： Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Caroline Tianeze de Castro Marcel Silva Luz Gabriel reis Rocha Gabriel Lima Correa Santos Luís Guilherme de Oliveira Silva Mariana Santos Calmon Cláudio Lima Souza ana Carla Zarpelon-Schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Instituto de Saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110040BahiaBrazil Campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledo 85919-899ParanáBrazil Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology UFMGBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection has been well-established as a significant risk factor for several gastrointestinal *** urea breath test(UBT)has emerged as a leading non-invasive method for detecting *** numerous studies confirming its substantial accuracy,the reliability of UBT results is often compromised by inherent *** findings underscore the need for a rigorous statistical synthesis to clarify and reconcile the diagnostic accuracy of the UBT for the diagnosis of *** *** To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT for *** infection in adult patients with *** We conducted an independent search of the PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Cochrane Central databases until April *** search included diagnostic accuracy studies that evaluated at least one of the index tests(^(13)C-UBT or ^(14)C-UBT)against a reference *** used the QUADAS-2 tool to assess the methodo-logical quality of the *** utilized the bivariate random-effects model to calculate sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative test likelihood ratios(LR+and LR-),as well as the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),and their 95%confidence *** conducted subgroup analyses based on urea dosing,time after urea administration,and assessment *** investigate a possible threshold effect,we conducted Spearman correlation analysis,and we generated summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC)curves to assess ***,we visually inspected a funnel plot and used Egger’s test to evaluate publication *** both as reliable diagnostic tools in clinical *** In summary,our study has demonstrated that ^(13)C-UBT has been found to outperform the ^(14)C-UBT,making it the preferred diagnostic ***,our results emphasize the significance of carefully considering urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both tests to enh

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

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How do greenhouse gas emissions vary with biofertilizer type and soil temperature and moisture in a tropical grassland?

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 607-617页

作者： Abmael da Silva CARDOSO Juliana Bega JUNQUEIRA Ricardo Andrade reis ana claudia RUGGIERIAnimal Science Departament College of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesSao Paulo State UniversityJaboticabal 14884-900(Brazil) Kenji Agricultural and Environmental Consultancy Ribeirdo Preto 14010-079(Brazil)

Greenhouse gases are known to play an important role in global *** this study,we determined the effects of selected soil and climate variables on nitrous oxide(N2O),methane(CH4),and carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions from a tropical grassland fertilized with chicken slurry,swine slurry,cattle slurry,and cattle *** N2O emissions did not differ between treatments and varied from 29.26 to 32.85 mg N m^-***,cumulative CH4 emissions were not significantly different among the treatments and ranged from 6.34 to 57.73 mg CH4 m^-*** and compost application induced CO2 emissions that were significantly different from those in the control *** CH4 conversion factors measured were 0.21%,1.39%,4.39%,and 5.07%for cattle compost,chicken slurry,swine slurry,and cattle slurry,respectively,differing from the recommendations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC).The fraction of added Nemitted as N2O was 0.39%,which was lower than the IPCC default value of 2%.Our findings suggest that N2O emissions could be mitigated by replacing synthetic fertilizer sources with either biofertilizer or *** results indicate the following:N2O emission was mainly controlled by soil temperature,followed by soil moisture and then soil NH^"content;CH4 fluxes were mainly controlled by soil moisture and chamber headspace temperature;and CO2 fluxes were mainly controlled by chamber headspace temperature and soil moisture.

关键词： emission factor methane conversion factor methane oxidation methane production capacity slurry fertilizer soil moisture

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^(222)Rn calibration procedure for water analyses by liquid scintillation counting

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辐射探测技术与方法(英文) 2023年第2期7卷 311-319页

作者： ana Rita Gomes Sérgio Dias anabela Mourato Joao Abrantes Mário reis Laboratório de Protecao e Seguranca Radiológica Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaEstrada Nacional 10km 13972695‑066 Bobadela LRSPortugal Laboratórios de Massa e Massa Volúmica de Sólidos Instituto Portugues da QualidadeRua António Giao22829‑513 CaparicaPortugal Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaEstrada Nacional 10km 13972695‑066 Bobadela LRSPortugal

Purpose Among the several methods to measure ^(222)Rn in water,the liquid scintillation counting(LSC)technique is one of the most sensitive and widely used when analysing non-saline waters by liquid extraction,providing excellent accuracy,precision and low-level detection *** using the liquid scintillation counter Tri-Carb 3170 TR/SL(Perkin-Elmer)it is not possible to make an automatic determination of the alpha/beta discrimination parameter,being necessary to evaluate the pulse decay discriminator(PDD)value manually to the ^(222)Rn *** this work,we describe the steps to perform the calibration of that type of *** The method consists in the preparation of standard samples from a ^(226)Ra certified standard solution and the adjustment of the PDD value by hand until the percentage of alpha events reaches a plateau of a near-constant fraction of total *** process consists in taking several measures between PDD 80 and 200 with 15 min counting time *** the plateau,the alpha/beta ratio was used to determine the plateau final range as well as the optimum PDD *** that,the calibration standards and blanks were measured and the region of interest(ROI)was established by finding the maximum value for the figure of merit(FOM)in the upper and lower *** The optimal PDD value of 148 was established by the alpha/beta ratio,and after that,it was possible to measure ^(226)Ra standards to perform the *** efficiency of(9.758±0.035)×1^(0-1) was *** routine measurements,a detection limit of about 0.50 Bq L^(-1) is achieved for a 120 min counting *** evaluate the uncertainty budget,the uncertainties of the net count rate,the efficiency,the sample amount and the decay correction factor were *** A method was developed for the calibration of LSC Tri-Carb 3170 TR/SL with the optimization of the PDD using a ^(226)Ra standard *** acquisition to obtain the plot of the variation

关键词： Radon Waters Pulse decay discriminator Liquid scintillation counting Calibration

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Roots and rhizomes of wild Asparagus:Nutritional composition,bioactivity and nanoencapsulation of the most potent extract

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 349-360页

作者： Khaoula Adouni ana Júlio Celestino Santos-Buelga ana M.Gonzalez-Paramas Patrícia Filipe Patricia Rijo Sofia A.Costa Lima Salette reis Angela Fernandes Isabel C.F.R.Ferreira Virginia Fernandez-Ruiz Patricia Morales Guido Flamini Lotfi Achour Pedro Fonte Laboratoire de Recherche“Bioressources:Biologie Integrative&Valorisation” Institut Superieur de Biotechnologie de MonastirAvenue Tahar HaddedBP 74Universite de Monastir5000MonastirTunisia CBIOS-Research Center for Biosciences&Health Technologies Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e TecnologiasCampo Grande 3761749-024LisbonPortugal Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Alcal´aCtra.Madrid-Barcelona Km.33.60028871Alcala de HenaresMadridSpain Grupo de Investigacion en Polifenoles(GIP-USAL) Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de SalamancaCampus Miguel de UnamunoE-37007SalamancaSpain Research Institute for Medicines(iMed.ULisboa) Faculty of PharmacyUniversidade de LisboaAv.Professor Gama Pinto1649-003LisboaPortugal LAQV REQUIMTEDepartment of Chemical Sciences–Applied Chemistry LabFaculty of Pharmacy10 University of PortoRua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 2284050-313PortoPortugal Centro de Investigacao de Montanha(CIMO) Instituto Politecnico de BragancaCampus de Santa Apolonia5300-253BragancaPortugal Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of PharmacyComplutense University of Madrid(UCM)Plaza Ramon y Cajal s/n28040MadridSpain Dipartimento di Farmacia University of Pisavia Bonanno 656126PisaItaly Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca“Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute”University of Pisa Via del Borghetto 8056124PisaItaly Center for Marine Sciences(CCMar) University of AlgarveGambelas Campus8005-139FaroPortugal Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of AlgarveGambelas Campus8005-139FaroPortugal iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Department of BioengineeringInstituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de Lisboa1049-001LisboaPortugal Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001LisboaPortugal

The nutritional composition and bioactive properties of roots and rhizomes of Asparagus stipularis were *** activity of extracts obtained by infusion was evaluated using free radicals scavenging and reducing power *** liver primary cell was used to check the hepatotoxicity of *** revealed that Asparagus samples are likely a source of nutrients,such as dietary fibre and essential fatty ***-DAD-ESI/MS characterization of infusions allowed the identification and quantitation of 7 phenolic compounds,all hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives,with caffeic acid as the most *** infusion contained the highest amounts of these *** also exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in all assays,with EC_(50) values of 0.44±0.01,0.98±0.03 and 0.64±0.01 mg/mL for DPPH,ABTS and FRAP assays,respectively,with no toxicity towards PLP2 primary cell cultures(GI_(50)>400μg/mL).PLGA nanoparticles loaded with root extract were prepared using solvent-evaporation double emulsion *** size was about 260 nm and a polydispersity index around 0.1,with a zeta potential of about-36 mV,as well as a good encapsulation efficiency of approximately 83%.Their morphology was analysed by SEM and spherical polymeric nanoparticles with a smooth surface were *** and DSC were also performed,which allowed corroborating the efficacy of the encapsulation and to confirm the production of a stable and robust system to load Asparagus *** developed nanoparticles are expected to be used as delivery systems for bioactive compounds of *** and they could be used as an innovative dietary supplement.

关键词： Asparagus stipularis Nutritional composition Antioxidant activity Nanoparticles PLGA

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Acaricidal activity of Derris floribunda essential oil and its main constituent

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第9期7卷 791-796页

作者： ana claudia Fernandes Amaral Aline de SRamos Marcia reis Pena Jose Luiz Pinto Ferreira Jean Michel SMenezes Geraldo JNVasconcelos Neliton Marques da Silva Jefferson Rocha de Andrade Silva Lab de Plantas Medicinais e Derivados Depto de Quimica de Produtos NaturaisFarmanguinhosFundacao Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Lab de Entomologia e Acarologia Agricola Faculdade de Ciencias AgrariasUniversidade Federal do AmazonasManausAMBrazil Lab de Cromatografia Depto de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do AmazonasManausAMBrazil 4Instituto de Ciencias Exatas e TecnologiaUniversidade Federal do AmazonasItacoatiaraAMBrazil

Objective: To evaluate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil obtained from roots of Derris floribunda(D. floribunda)(Miq.) Benth, and its main constituent nerolidol against the Mexican mite Tetranychus mexicanus(T. mexicanus)(Mc Gregor).Methods: The essential oil from the roots of D. floribunda collected in the Amazon region(Brazil) was obtained by hydrodistillation. Its chemical composition was determined by GC–MS analysis. The acaricidal activities of this essential oil and nerolidol,were evaluated by recording the number of dead females(mortality) and eggs(fertility).Results: The essential oil showed sesquiterpenes as major volatile components. Nerolidol, the main component, represented 68.5% of the total composition of the essential oil. D. floribunda essential oil and nerolidol showed acaricidal activity, with LC_(50) of9.61 mg/m L air and 9.2 mg/m L air, respectively, over a 72 h period. In addition, both the essential oil and nerolidol significantly reduced the fecundity of T. ***: Due to the economic importance of T. mexicanus and the lack of new pesticides, our data are very promising in the search for efficient and safer acaricidal products. Furthermore, this is the first report about the chemical composition and bioactivity of the essential oil of the Amazon plant species D. floribunda.

关键词： Acaricidal activity Essential oil Nerolidol Organic agriculture Sesquiterpenes Timb

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An Outlook on Implantable Biosensors for Personalized Medicine

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Engineering 2021年第12期7卷 1696-1699页

作者： Rita Rebelo ana Isabel Barbosa Vitor M.Correlo Rui L.reis Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradablesand BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineBarcoGuimarães 4805-017Portugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government-Associated Laboratory BragaGuimarães 4710-057Portugal

Biosensors are a fast-growing field,as they have been shown to be very helpful in our daily life,playing roles in industries such as agriculture,food safety,homeland security,bioprocessing,environmental monitoring,and industrial *** these,the application of biosensing in medicine and biomedical engineering may have the highest potential for growth and for affecting human quality of life in the near *** potential is driven by the need for new and improved devices and technologies with improved sensitivity,specificity,reliability,and biocompatibility.

关键词： Outlook specificity playing

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Prevalence of sarcopenia using different methods in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第8期14卷 1643-1651页

作者： Naiade Silveira Almeida Raquel Rocha Claudineia Almeida de Souza ana Carolina Sirelli da Cruz Bruna dos reis Ribeiro Luiza Valois Vieira Carla Daltro Rafael Silva Manoel Sarno Helma Pinchemel Cotrim Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110-060BABrazil Departamento de Ciência da Nutrição Escola de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110-060Brazil Caliper Clínica e Escola de Imagem Salvador 41810-012Brazil

BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a clinical condition associated with several liver diseases and it includes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in its broad spectrum as steatosis,steatohepatitis and ***,the criteria to define sarcopenia are diverse,and even those established in consensus have been discussed regarding their performance in making an accurate *** To evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia,using different methods,in patients with NAFLD,and its association with clinical-anthropometric *** This was an observational study of outpatients with *** was defined by the European Working Group Consensus on Sarcopenia in Older People of 2010(EWGSOP1)and 2018(EWGSOP2).The skeletal muscle index was used to estimate muscle mass,handgrip strength was assessed using the dynamometer and physical performance by walking a distance of four meters at usual walking *** non-invasive fibrosis scores,fibrosis-4(FIB-4)index and Aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI),were used to assess the absence and presence of *** Fifty-seven individuals with NAFLD were evaluated,the mean age(SD)was 52.7(11.3)years and 75.4%were *** assessed by FIB-4 and APRI was observed in 3.7%and 16.6%of patients with NAFLD,*** diagnosis of sarcopenia was identified only by EWGSOP1 in 3.5%of NAFLD patients,and the prevalence of probable/pre-sarcopenia was higher using the EWGSOP2 consensus at 26.3%,when compared to 1.8%with *** defined by EWGSOP1,was associated with grade I steatosis,but without overweight(P0.05).EWGSOP2 showed a greater number of patients with probable sarcopenia,and who were overweight(12(80.0%)),with a higher degree of steatosis[11(73.3%)and presence of fibrosis(1(6.7%),FIB-4 and 3(20.0%),APRI]compared to EWGSOP1[1(100%),0(0.0%),0(0.0%),FIB-4 and 0(0.0%),APRI,respectively].CONCLUSION The presen

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Sarcopenia Muscle strength Physical performance Liver fibrosis

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