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Semitransparent organic solar cells with high light utilization efficiency and color rendering index

Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2248-2256页

作者： ni Gao Haijun Bin Shangrong Wu RenéA.j.janssen Yongfang Li Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced negative Carbon Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Molecular Materials and nanosystems&Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands

Semitransparent organic solar cells(ST-OSCs)have garnered considerable attention as promising renewable energy technology for integrating photovoltaics into ***,there is a trade-off between power conversion efficiency(PCE)and average visible transmittance(AVT),which hinders the achievement of a high light utilization efficiency(LUE).In this study,we propose a valuable method to address this challenge by replacing the transparent top electrode,Ag,with a 20 nm layer of *** ST-OSCs based on the 20 nm Au electrode demonstrate superior exciton extraction,more efficient charge collection,and higher color-rendering index(CRI)due to their smoother surface,higher conductivity,and enhanced visible light transmittance,resulting in a significantly higher PCE of 13.67%and an enhanced AVT of 30.17%,contributing to a high LUE of 4.15%.Additionally,optically transparent dielectric layers,applied on the front and back sides of the ST-OSCs to further boost performance,delivered an impressive LUE of 4.93%,with PCE and AVT values reaching 14.44%and 34.12%,***,the champion ST-OSCs also exhibited a favorable CRI value of *** achievements represent the bestperforming ST-OSCs to date with both high LUE and CRI and hold significant implications for the prospective commercialization of ST-OSCs.

关键词： semitransparent organic solar cells power conversion efficiency average visible transmittance light utilization efficiency color-rendering index

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Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and biocorrosion behaviour of two Mg-Zn-Ca alloys

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 581-595页

作者： n.Pulido-González P.Hidalgo-Manrique S.garcía-Rodríguez B.Torres j.Rams Departamento de Matemática Aplicada Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología ElectrónicaESCETUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosC/Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadrid28933Spain

The effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and biocorrosion behaviour of the Mg-1 wt.%Zn-1 wt.%Ca(ZX11)and Mg-3 wt.%Zn-0.4 wt.%Ca(ZX30)alloys was *** this purpose,three-point bending tests as well as electrochemical and immersion tests in Hank’s solution were performed on both alloys in four different thermal conditions:as-cast,solution-treated,peak-aged and *** examinations revealed that the as-cast ZX11 and ZX30 alloys exhibit a microstructure composed ofα-Mg grains separated by large Mg_(2)Ca and Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) particles and by large Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) particles,*** solution treatment,the Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) precipitates at the grain boundaries(GBs)are fully dissolved in the ZX11 alloy,but mainly redistributed to form a more connected configuration in the ZX30 alloy,showing a poor age-hardening ***,after solution-treatment,galvanic corrosion and corrosion rate decreases in the former,but increases in the *** peak-aged condition displays the highest corrosion rate for both alloys,maybe due to an excessive number density of fine Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) particles acting as cathodic ***,the over-aged condition shows the lowest corrosion rate for the ZX11 alloy and a very similar one to that of the as-cast sample for the ZX30 *** ZX11 alloy shows generally better biocorrosion behaviour than the ZX30 alloy to its lower content in the Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3) phase and thus reduced galvanic *** Mg_(2)Ca phase present in the studied ZX11 alloy has been proved to exhibit an increased corrosion potential,which has been related to an observed enrichment with Zn.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Biodegradable implants Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical properties Corrosion

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Drought and Spatiotemporal Variability of Forest Fires Across Mexico

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第1期28卷 25-37页

作者： Pompa-garcía MARín Camarero j.jULIO Rodríguez-Trejo DAnTE ARTURO Vega-nieva DAnIEL jOSE Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango Durango 34120 MExico Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia IPE-CSIC 50059 Spain Divisian de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Autonoma Chapingo Chapingo 56230 MExico

Understanding the spatiotemporal links between drought and forest fire occurrence is crucial for improving decision-making in fire management under current and future climatic conditions. We quantified forest fire activity in Mexico using georeferenced fire records for the period of 2005–2015 and examined its spatial and temporal relationships with a multiscalar drought index, the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI). A total of 47975 fire counts were recorded in the 11-year long study period, with the peak in fire frequency occurring in 2011. We identified four fire clusters, i.e., regions where there is a high density of fire records in Mexico using the Getis-Ord G spatial statistic. Then, we examined fire frequency data in the clustered regions and assessed how fire activity related to the SPEI for the entire study period and also for the year 2011. Associations between the SPEI and fire frequency varied across Mexico and fire-SPEI relationships also varied across the months of major fire occurrence and related SPEI temporal scales. In particular, in the two fire clusters located in northern Mexico(Chihuahua, northern Baja California), drier conditions over the previous 5 months triggered fire occurrence. In contrast, we did not observe a significant relationship between drought severity and fire frequency in the central Mexico cluster, which exhibited the highest fire frequency. We also found moderate fire-drought associations in the cluster situated in the tropical southern Chiapas where agriculture activities are the main causes of forest fire occurrence. These results are useful for improving our understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns of fire occurrence as related to drought severity in megadiverse countries hosting many forest types as Mexico.

关键词： cluster drought forest fires geostatistics spatial clusters Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)

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The HIF-1α/PLOD2 axis integrates extracellular matrix organization and cell metabolism leading to aberrant musculoskeletal repair

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 289-301页

作者： Heeseog Kang Amy L.Strong Yuxiao Sun Lei Guo Conan juan Alec C.Bancroft ji Hae Choi Chase A.Pagani Aysel A.Fernandes Michael Woodard juhoon Lee Sowmya Ramesh Aaron W.james David Hudson Kevin n.Dalby Lin Xu Robert j.Tower Benjamin Levi Center for Organogenesis Regeneration and TraumaDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA Section of Plastic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Quantitative Biomedical Research Center Peter O’Donnell Jr.School of Public HealthUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry College of PharmacyUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA

While hypoxic signaling has been shown to play a role in many cellular processes,its role in metabolism-linked extracellular matrix(ECM)organization and downstream processes of cell fate after musculoskeletal injury remains to be ***(HO)is a debilitating condition where abnormal bone formation occurs within extra-skeletal *** andhypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α)activation have been shown to promote ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms bywhich the HIF-1αpathway in mesenchymal progenitor cells(MPCs)contributes to pathologic bone formation remain to ***,we used a proven mouse injury-induced HO model to investigate the role of HIF-1αon aberrant cell ***-cell RnA sequencing(scRnA-seq)and spatial transcriptomics analyses of the HO site,we found that collagen ECM organizationis the most highly up-regulated biological process in *** mesenchymal cell-specific deletion of Hif1α(Hoxa11-CreER^(T2);Hif1a^(fl/fl))significantly mitigated HO in ***-seq analysis of these Hoxa11-CreER^(T2);Hif1a^(fl/fl)mice identified the PLOD2/LOXpathway for collagen cross-linking as downstream of the HIF-1αregulation of ***,our scRnA-seq data and mechanisticstudies further uncovered that glucose metabolism in MPCs is most highly impacted by HIF-1α*** a translational aspect,a pan-LOX inhibitor significantly decreased HO.A newly screened compound revealed that the inhibition of PLOD2 activity in MPCssignificantly decreased osteogenic differentiation and glycolytic *** suggests that the HIF-1α/PLOD2/LOX axis linked tometabolism regulates HO-forming MPC *** results suggest that the HIF-1α/PLOD2/LOX pathway represents a promisingstrategy to mitigate HO formation.

关键词： metabolism skeletal aberrant

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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer Deborah Rjkers H.j.van der Fels-Klerx joop j.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(nged from 8%to 75%for *** to very low limits in insect biomass(~0.01 mg/kg),high transfer may result in *** is recommended that rearing companies implement lower contractual thresholds,and that policymakers consider adjusting legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal j.P.Reistad S.M.Hatch S.Gasparini S.j.Walker Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on B-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

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SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.j.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.Arnold M.W.j.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance *** CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe *** at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment ***,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray imager characterisation SMILE

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Current concepts in the management of non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis

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World journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 751-765页

作者： Adam j Willington Dhiraj Tripathi Department of Hepatology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology University Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis(nCPVT)is an uncommon condition characterised by thrombosis of the portal vein,with or without extension into other mesenteric veins,in the absence of cirrhosis or intra-abdominal *** can include intestinal infarction,variceal bleeding and portal *** this article,we address current concepts in the management of nCPVT including identification of risk factors,classification and treatment,and review the latest evidence on medical and interventional management options.

关键词： non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis Portal vein Mesenteric veins Venous thrombosis Portal hypertension

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3D kinematicmandiblemodel to designmandibular advancement devices for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第1期4卷 22-32页

作者： M.garcía j.A.Cabrera A.Bataller S.Postigo j.j.Castillo Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MálagaC/Doctor Ortiz Ramos s/nAmpliación Campus Teatinos29071 MálagaSpain

Mandibular advancement devices(MADs)are one of the treatments used for Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA).MADs try to maintain the mandible in an advanced position to keep the upper airways open when *** achieve this goal,most current MADs limit the mouth opening to a few *** study of the kinematic behaviour of the patient’s jaw is essential in order to design devices that allow greater aperture *** this purpose,a 3D multibody model that reproduces jaw movement has been developed in this *** this end,the movement of the lower incisor has been determined by means of a vision system and reflective *** addition,the kinematics of the temporomandibular joint has been ***,the device is designed and printed using a cam-follower *** way,the cam profiles and the followers are optimally designed and positioned for each patient depending on the physiognomy of the jaw and the opening and advancing movement prescribed by the specialist.

关键词： Mandibular advancement device 3D mandible kinematics Cam-follower mechanism 3D printed devices

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Two-neutron transfer reactions as a tool to study the interplay between shape coexistence and quantum phase transitions

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第12期44卷 103-113页

作者： j.E.garcía-Ramos j.M.Arias A.Vitturi Departamento de Ciencias Integradas y Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Física Matemática y ComputaciónUniversidad de Huelva21071 HuelvaSpain Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional Universidad de GranadaFuentenueva s/n18071 GranadaSpain Departamento de Física Atómica Molecular y NuclearUniversidad de SevillaApdo.106541080 SevillaSpain Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“Galileo Galilei” Universitádegli Studi di PadovaPadovaItaly

The atomic mass table presents zones where the structure of the states changes rapidly as a function of the neutron or proton *** them,notable examples are the A≈100 Zr region,the Pb region around the neutron midshell(n=104),and the n≈90 rare-earth *** observed phenomena can be understood in terms of either shape coexistence or quantum phase *** objective of this study is to find an observable that can distinguish between both shape coexistence and quantum phase *** an observable to be analyzed,we selected the two-neutron transfer intensity between the 0+states in the parent and daughter *** framework used for this study is the Interacting Boson Model(IBM),including its version with configuration mixing(IBM-CM).To generate wave functions of isotope chains of interest needed for calculating transfer intensities,previous systematic studies using IBM and IBM-CM were used without changing the *** results of two-neutron transfer intensities are presented for Zr,Hg,and Pt isotopic chains using ***,for Zr,Pt,and Sm isotopic chains,the results are presented using IBM with only a single configuration,i.e.,without using configuration *** Zr,the two-neutron transfer intensities between the ground states provide a clear observable,indicating that normal and intruder configurations coexist in the low-lying spectrum and cross at A=98→*** can help clarify whether shape coexistence induces a given quantum phase *** Pt,in which shape coexistence is present and the regular and intruder configurations cross for the ground state,there is almost no impact on the value of the two-neutron transfer *** is the situation with Hg,where the ground state always has a regular *** the Sm isotope chain,which is one of the quantum phase transition paradigms,the value of the two-neutron transfer intensity is affected strongly.

关键词： two nucleon transfer reactions shape coexistence quantum phase transition interacting boson model

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