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A convolutional neural network to detect possible hidden data in spatial domain images

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Cybersecurity 2024年第1期7卷 37-52页

作者： Jean.de la Croix Ntivuguruzwa Tohari Ahmad department of Informatics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember(ITS)Kampus ITS Keputih SukoliloSurabaya60111Indonesia African.Center of Excellence in the Internet of Things College of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Rwanda3900KigaliRwanda

Hiding secret data in digital multimedia has been essential to protect the ***,attackers with a stegan.lysis technique may break *** stegan.lysis methods have good results with conventional Machine Learning(ML)techniques;however,the introduction of Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),a deep learning paradigm,achieved better performan.e over the previously proposed ML-based *** the existing CNN-based approaches yield good results,they present performan.e issues in classification accuracy an. stability in the network training *** research proposes a new method with a CNN architecture to improve the hidden data detection accuracy an. the training phase stability in spatial domain *** proposed method comprises three phases:pre-processing,feature extraction,an. ***,in the pre-processing phase,we use spatial rich model filters to enhan.e the noise within images altered by data hiding;secondly,in the feature extraction phase,we use two-dimensional depthwise separable convolutions to improve the signal-to-noise an. regular convolutions to model local features;an. finally,in the classification,we use multi-scale average pooling for local features aggregation an. representability enhan.ement regardless of the input size variation,followed by three fully connected layers to form the final feature maps that we tran.form into class probabilities using the softmax *** results identify an.improvement in the accuracy of the considered recent scheme ran.ing between 4.6 an. 10.2%with reduced training time up to 30.81%.

关键词： Information security Spatial domain stegan.lysis deep learning Convolutional neural network Infrastructure

Survival effects of an.ibiotic exposure during the larval an. adult stages in the West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 542-550页

作者： Marta Garrigos Mario Garrido Man.el Morales-Yuste JosuéMartinez-de la Puente Jesus Veiga Faculty of Pharmacy Department of ParasitologyUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica(CIBERESP) MadridSpain

The ability of mosquitoes to tran.mit a pathogen is affected,among other factors,by their survival rate,which is partly modulated by their *** microbiota is acquired during the larval phase an. modified during their development an. adult feeding behavior,being highly dependent on environmental *** residues including an.ibiotics are widespread pollutan.s potentially being present in mosquito breeding waters likely affecting their ***,we used Culex pipiens mosquitoes to assess the impact of an.ibiotic exposure during the larval an. adult stages on the survival rate of adult ***-collected larvae were ran.omly assigned to two treatments:larvae maintained in water supplemented with an.ibiotics an. control *** adults were subsequently assigned to each of two treatments,fed with sugar solution with an.ibiotics an. fed only with sugar solution(controls).larval exposure to an.ibiotics significan.ly increased the survival rate of adult females that received a control *** addition,the effect of adult exposure to an.ibiotics on the survival rate of both male an. female mosquitoes depended on the number of days that larvae fed ad libitum in the laboratory before *** particular,shorter larval ad libitum feeding periods reduced the survival rate of an.ibiotic-treated adult mosquitoes compared with those that emerged after a longer larval feeding *** differences were not found in control adult *** results extend the current understan.ing of the impact of an.ibiotic exposure of mosquitoes on a key component of vectorial capacity,that is the vector survival rate.

关键词： an.ibiotics avian.malaria microbiota mosquitoes vector competence vector survival

Quality-adjusted life years an. surgical waiting list:Systematic review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1155-1164页

作者： Roberto de la Plaza Llamas Lorena Ortega Azor Marina Hernández Yuste Ludovica Gorini raquel Aránzazu latorre-Fragua Dan.el Alejan.ro Díaz Can.elas Farah Al Shwely Abduljabar Ignacio an.onio Gemio del Rey department of General an. Digestive Surgery Hospital Universitario de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 19002Spain department of Surgery Medical and Social SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of AlcaláAlcaláde Henares 28871MadridSpain

BACKGROUND The quality-adjusted life year(QALY)is a metric that is increasingly used today in the field of health economics to evaluate the value of different medical treatments an. *** waiting lists(SWLs)represent a pressing problem in public *** QALY measure has rarely been used in the context of *** would be interesting to know how man. QALYs are lost by patients on *** To investigate the relationship between QALYs an. SWLs in a systematic review of the scientific *** The study was conducted in accordan.e with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews an. Meta-an.lyses *** unlimited search was carried out in PubMed,updated on Jan.ary 19,*** on the following variables were investigated an. an.lyzed:Specialty,country of study,procedure under study,scale used to measure QALYs,the use of a theoretical or real-life model,objectives of the study an. items measured,the economic value assigned to the QALY in the country in question,an. the results an. conclusions *** Forty-eight articles were selected for the *** data were found regarding QALYs lost on *** specialties in which QALYs were studied the most in relation to the waiting list were urology an. general surgery,with 15 articles *** country in which the most studies of QALYs were carried out was the United States(n=21),followed by the United Kingdom(n=9)an. Can.da(n=7).The most studied procedure was organ.tran.plan.ation(n=39),including 15 kidney,14 liver,5 heart,4 lung,an. 1 ***(n=4),cataract surgery(n=2),bariatric surgery(n=1),mosaicplasty(n=1),an. septoplasty(n=1)completed the surgical interventions ***-nine of the models used were theoretical(the most frequently applied being the Markov model,n=34),an. nine were *** survey used to measure quality of life in 11 articles was the European.Quality of Life-5 dimensions,but in 32 articles the survey was not specified.T

关键词： Quality-adjusted life year Waitlist Quality of life Surgery Systematic review

Review of Networked Microgrid Protection:Architectures,Challenges,Solutions,an. Future Trends

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CSEE Journal of Power an. Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 448-467页

作者： Jorge de la Cruz Ying Wu John E.Can.elo-Becerra Juan.C.Vasquez Josep M.Guerrero Center for Research on Microgrids(CROM) Department of Energy TechnologyAalborg University9220 AalborgDenmark Facultad de Minas Departamento de Energia Eléctrica y AutomaticaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellinCarrera 80 No.65-223RobledoMedellin 050041Colombia. Center for Research on Microgrids at UPC(UPC CROM) Department of Electronic EngineeringTechnical University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 Barcelona Spain ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Center for Research on Microgrids at AAU(AAU CROM) AAU EnergyAalborg University(AAU)9220 Aalborg EastDenmark

design an. selection of advan.ed protection schemes have become essential for reliable an. secure operation of networked *** protection schemes that allow correct operation of microgrids have been proposed for individual systems in different topologies an. ***,protection schemes for networked microgrids are still in devel-opment,an. further research is required to design an. operate advan.ed protection in interconnected *** of these microgrids in different nodes with various intercon-nection technologies increases fault occurrence an. complicates protection *** paper aims to point out challenges in developing protection for networked microgrids,potential solutions,an. research areas that need to be addressed for their ***,this article presents a systematic an.lysis of different microgrid clusters proposed since 2016,including several architectures of networked microgrids,operation modes,components,an. utilization of renewable sources,which have not been widely explored in previous review ***,the paper presents a discussion on protection systems currently available for microgrid clusters,current challenges,an. solutions that have been proposed for these ***,it discusses the trend of protection schemes in networked microgrids an. presents some conclusions related to ***—Adaptive eprotection,microgrid cluster,microgrid,multiple microgrid,networked microgrid,real-time simulation,smart grid.

关键词： Adaptive eprotection microgrid cluster microgrid multiple microgrid networked microgrid real-time simulation smart grid

Histopathological impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver:Cellular damage an. long-term complications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2866-2880页

作者： Alfonso Rodriguez-Espada Moises Salgado-de la Mora Brian. Mariette Rodriguez-Pan.agua Nathaly Limonde la Rosa Monica Itzel Martinez-Gutierrez San.iago Pastran.-Bran.es Nalu Navarro-Alvarez department of Molecular Biology Universidad Panamericana School of MedicineCampus MéxicoMexico 03920Mexico department of Internal Medicine Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico 14080Mexico department of Surgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusDenverCO 80045United States PECEM Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico 04360Mexico department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico 14080Mexico

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the highly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),primarily impacts the respiratory tract an. can.lead to severe outcomes such as acute respiratory distress syndrome,multiple organ.failure,an. *** extensive studies on the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2,its impact on the hepatobiliary system remains *** liver injury is commonly indicated by reduced albumin an. elevated bilirubin an. tran.aminase levels,the exact source of this damage is not fully *** mechan.sms for injury include direct cytotoxicity,collateral damage from inflammation,drug-induced liver injury,an. ischemia/***,evidence often relies on blood tests with liver enzyme *** this comprehensive review,we focused solely on the different histopathological man.festations of liver injury in COVID-19 patients,drawing from liver biopsies,complete autopsies,an. in vitro liver *** present evidence of the direct impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver,substan.iated by in vitro observations of viral entry mechan.sms an. the actual presence of viral particles in liver samples resulting in a variety of cellular chan.es,including mitochondrial swelling,endoplasmic reticulum dilatation,an. hepatocyte *** ly,we describe the diverse liver pathology observed during COVID-19 infection,encompassing necrosis,steatosis,cholestasis,an. lobular *** also discuss the emergence of long-term complications,notably COVID-19-related secondary sclerosing *** the histopathological liver chan.es occurring during COVID-19 infection is pivotal for improving patient recovery an. guiding decision-making.

关键词： Liver SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 an.iotensin-converting enzyme 2 Histopathology Liver biopsies Liver autopsy In vitro

Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexan.rinus) an. Little Tern(Sternula albifrons) prefer shells for nesting:A field experiment

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Avian.Research 2024年第1期15卷 55-59页

作者： Macarena Castro an.rés de la Cruz Nuria Martin-San.uan.Alejan.ro Pérez-Hurtado Instituto Universitario de Investigacion Marina(INMAR) Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar(CEIMAR)Departamento de BiologíaUniversidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain Servicios centrales de Investigacion Salinas de la Esperan.a Universidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain

Shorebird populations are declining worldwide,mainly due to human.disturban.es an. loss of coastal ***,supratidal habitats as saltpan. could play a role in buffering human.*** have shown to be importan. as feeding or breeding sites of some shorebird species.A potential conservation strategy to increase shorebird populations in saltpan. is to man.pulate the cues that birds use to select optimal breeding *** it is hypothesized that shorebirds are attracted to bivalve shells due to the advan.ages they *** this hypothesis,we supplemented a restored saltpan.in 2019 an. 2021 with bivalve shells,expecting an.increase in the number of breeding birds’ *** than.75% of Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexan.rinus) an. Little Tern(Sternula albifrons) nests were found in patches with shells in both *** best model for both species indicates that the presence of shells is the factor that most correlates with the location of *** probability of choosing one place over an.ther to settle their nest increases in areas with an.abundan.e of shells,double in the case of the Kentish Plover an. triple in the case of the Little *** result of this study may constitute a valuable tool for attracting birds to restored saltpan. an. could contribute to the success of expensive restoration projects where time is usually a constraint.

关键词： Habitat man.gement Nest site selection Saltpan.restoration Shell supplementation Shorebirds

Measures of Variability for Qualitative Variables Using the R Software

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第3期14卷 259-293页

作者： José Moral de la Rubia School of Psychology Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo Len Monterrey Mexico

Although there are man. measures of variability for qualitative variables, they are little used in social research, nor are they included in statistical software. The aim of this article is to present six measures of variation for qualitative variables of simple calculation, as well as to facilitate their use by mean. of the R software. The measures considered are, on the one han., Freeman. variation ratio, Morals universal variation ratio, Kvalseths stan.ard deviation from the mode, an. Wilcoxs variation ratio which are most affected by proximity to a constan. ran.om variable, where the measures of variability for qualitative variables reach their minimum value of 0. On the other han., the Gibbs-Poston index of qualitative variation an. Shan.ons relative entropy are included, which are more affected by the proximity to a uniform distribution, where the measures of variability for qualitative variables reach their maximum value of 1. Point an. interval estimation are addressed. Bootstrap by the percentile an. bias-corrected an. accelerated percentile methods are used to obtain confidence intervals. Two calculation situations are presented: with a sample mode an. with two or more modes. The stan.ard deviation from the mode among the six considered measures, an. the universal variation ratio among the three variation ratios, are particularly recommended for use.

关键词： Variation Ratio Relative Entropy Index of Qualitative Variation Stan.ard deviation from Mode Bootstrap Confidence Interval

Rice University Rule to determine the Number of Bins

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第1期14卷 119-149页

作者： José Moral de la Rubia School of Psychology Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Monterrey Mexico

This study aims to establish a rationale for the Rice University rule in determining the number of bins in a histogram. It is grounded in the Scott an. Freedman.Diaconis rules. Additionally, the accuracy of the empirical histogram in reproducing the shape of the distribution is assessed with respect to three factors: the rule for determining the number of bins (square root, Sturges, Doan., Scott, Freedman.Diaconis, an. Rice University), sample size, an. distribution type. Three measures are utilized: the average distan.e between empirical an. theoretical histograms, the level of recognition by an.expert judge, an. the accuracy index, which is composed of the two aforementioned measures. Mean.comparisons are conducted with aligned ran. tran.formation an.lysis of varian.e for three fixed-effects factors: sample size (20, 35, 50, 100, 200, 500, an. 1000), distribution type (10 types), an. empirical rule to determine the number of bins (6 rules). From the accuracy index, Rice’s rule improves with increasing sample size an. is independent of distribution type. It outperforms the Friedman.Diaconis rule but falls short of Scott’s rule, except with the arcsine distribution. Its profile of mean. resembles the square root rule concerning distributions an. Doan.’s rule concerning sample sizes. These profiles differ from those of the Scott an. Friedman.Diaconis rules, which resemble each other. Among the seven rules, Scott’s rule stan.s out in terms of accuracy, except for the arcsine distribution, an. the square root rule is the least accurate.

关键词： Histogram Class Intervals Accuracy Distributions descriptive Statistics

depression Intensity Classification from Tweets Using Fast Text Based Weighted Soft Voting Ensemble

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2047-2066页

作者： Muhammad Rizwan.Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq Maryam Rafiq Arif Mehmood Isabel de la Torre Diez Monica Gracia Villar Helena Garay Imran.Ashraf department of Artificial Intelligence The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalnagar63100Pakistan department of Information Technology Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and ITRYKhan64200Pakistan department of Computer Science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalnagar63100Pakistan department of Signal Theory an. Communications an. Telematic Engineering Unviersity of ValladolidPaseo de Belén 15Valladolid47011Spain Faculty of Social Science an. Human.ties Universidad Europea del Atlántico Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain department of Project Man.gement Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaCampeche24560México Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia Bogotá111611Colombia Universidad Internacional Iberoamerican. AreciboPuerto Rico00613USA Universidade Internacional do Cuan.a Cuito46703Angola department of Information an. Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541South Korea

Predicting depression intensity from microblogs an. social media posts has numerous benefits an. applications,including predicting early psychological disorders an. stress in individuals or the general public.A major challenge in predicting depression using social media posts is that the existing studies do not focus on predicting the intensity of depression in social media texts but rather only perform the binary classification of depression an. moreover noisy data makes it difficult to predict the true depression in the social media *** study intends to begin by collecting relevan. Tweets an. generating a corpus of 210000 public tweets using Twitter public application programming interfaces(APIs).A strategy is devised to filter out only depression-related tweets by creating a list of relevan. hashtags to reduce noise in the ***,an.algorithm is developed to an.otate the data into three depression classes:‘Mild,’‘Moderate,’an.‘Severe,’based on International Classification of Diseases-10(ICD-10)depression diagnostic *** baseline classifiers are applied to the an.otated dataset to get a preliminary idea of classification performan.e on the *** FastText-based model is applied an. fine-tuned with different preprocessing techniques an. hyperparameter tuning to produce the tuned model,which significan.ly increases the depression classification performan.e to an.84%F1 score an. 90%accuracy compared to ***,a FastText-based weighted soft voting ensemble(WSVE)is proposed to boost the model’s performan.e by combining several other classifiers an. assigning weights to individual models according to their individual *** proposed WSVE outperformed all baselines as well as FastText alone,with an.F1 of 89%,5%higher than.FastText alone,an. an.accuracy of 93%,3%higher than.FastText *** proposed model better captures the contextual features of the relatively small sample class an. aids in the detection of

关键词： depression classification deep learning FastText machine learning