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Systematic Errors Induced by the Elliptical Power-law model in Galaxy–Galaxy Strong Lens Modeling

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第2期22卷 143-172页

作者： Xiaoyue Cao Ran Li j.W.Nightingale Richard Massey Andrew Robertson Carlos SFrenk Aristeidis Amvrosiadis Nicola CAmorisco Qiuhan He amy Etherington Shaun Cole Kai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences20A Datun RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100012China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute for Computational Cosmology Physics DepartmentDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH13LEUnited Kingdom

The elliptical power-law model of the mass in a galaxy is widely used in strong gravitational lensing ***,the distribution of mass in real galaxies is more *** quantify the biases due to this model mismatch by simulating and then analyzing mock Hubble Space Telescope imaging of lenses with mass distributions inferred from SDSS-Ma NGA stellar dynamics *** find accurate recovery of source galaxy morphology,except for a slight tendency to infer sources to be more compact than their true *** Einstein radius of the lens is also robustly recovered with 0.1%accuracy,as is the global density slope,with 2.5%relative systematic error,compared to the 3.4%intrinsic ***,asymmetry in real lenses also leads to a spurious fitted"external shear"with typical strengthγext=***,time delays inferred from lens modeling without measurements of stellar dynamics are typically underestimated by~5%.Using such measurements from a sub-sample of 37 lenses would bias measurements of the Hubble constant H0 by~9%.Although this work is based on a particular set of Ma NGA galaxies,and the specific value of the detected biases may change for another set of strong lenses,our results strongly suggest the next generation cosmography needs to use more complex lens mass models.

关键词： galaxies:structure galaxies:halos gravitational lensing:strong

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Quiet in the nest:The nest environment attenuates song in a grassland songbird

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 623-629页

作者： Sarah L.Dobney Mikayla M.K.Bornais D.Ryan Norris amy E.M.Newman Heather Williams Stéphanie M.Doucet Daniel j.Mennill Department of Integrative Biology University of WindsorWindsorOntarioN9B 3P4Canada Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioN1G 2W1Canada Biology Department Williams CollegeWilliamstownMA01267USA

The nest environment may limit the ability of nest-bound birds to hear sounds from the outside *** vocal learning species,such as humans and songbirds,it is vital for young animals to hear the voices of conspecific animals early in *** songbirds,nest structure varies considerably across species,and the resulting impact on sound transmission may have consequences for vocal learning in *** this study,we tested the hypothesis that the nest environment attenuates song of Savannah Sparrows(Passerculus sandwichensis),grassland songbirds that build nests on the ground under cover of dense *** recorded live Savannah Sparrows singing at variable distances from 21 *** recorded songs using one microphone inside the nest(the typical position of a nestling)and another placed 1 m directly above the nest(a typical position of an adult).We found a substantial reduction in signal-to-noise ratio,where songs recorded inside the nest were an average of 11 dB lower than songs recorded directly above the *** estimate that the attenuation imposed by the nest reduced the maximum acoustic environment from 117.7 m(for recordings above the nest),to 78.6 m(for recordings within the nest),which is analogous to listening from a position 39.1 m farther away from the *** research estimated that song transmits up to 100 m in this species,so any adult male within 100 m of a young bird was previously considered a potential vocal *** reducing the nestling acoustic environment from 100 m to 78.6 m,the number of male tutors available to nestlings is reduced by an average of 27%.Given the growing evidence that song learning begins very early in life,future research on vocal development should account for how the structural properties of the natal environment affect the songs that nestlings hear.

关键词： Acoustic environment Nest environment Songbird Sound attenuation Vocal learning

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PDGFRαreporter activity identifies periosteal progenitor cells critical for bone formation and fracture repair

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Bone Research 2022年第1期10卷 122-136页

作者： jiajia Xu Yiyun Wang Zhu Li Ye Tian Zhao Li amy Lu Ching-Yun Hsu Stefano Negri Cammy Tang Robert j.Tower Carol Morris Aaron W.james Departments of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Departments of Orthopedics Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China

The outer coverings of the skeleton,which is also known as the periosteum,are arranged in concentric layers and act as a reservoir for tissue-specific bone *** cellular heterogeneity within this tissue depot is being increasingly ***,inducible PDGFRαreporter animals were found to mark a population of cells within the periosteum that act as a stem cell reservoir for periosteal appositional bone formation and fracture *** these processes,PDGFRαreporter^(+)progenitors give rise to Nestin+periosteal cells before becoming osteoblasts and *** diphtheria toxin-mediated ablation of PDGFRαreporter^(+)cells led to deficits in cortical bone formation during homeostasis and a diminutive hard callus during fracture *** ossicle transplantation,both mouse PDGFRαreporter^(+)periosteal cells and human Pdgfrα+periosteal progenitors expand,ossify,and recruit marrow to a greater extent than their counterpart periosteal cells,whereas PDGFRαreporter^(−)periosteal cells exhibit a predisposition to chondrogenesis in *** RNA sequencing identified enrichment of the secreted factors Fermt3 and Ptpn6 within PDGFRαreporter^(+)periosteal cells,which partly underlie the osteoblastogenic features of this cell population.

关键词： progenitor fracture reservoir

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Understanding Interfacial Chemistry Interactions in Energy-Dense Lithium-Ion Electrodes

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Accounts of Materials Research 2023年第2期4卷 156-167页

作者： Donghee Gueon Miguel A.Gonzalez Kenneth j.Takeuchi Esther S.Takeuchi amy C.Marschilok Elsa Reichmanis Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvania 18015United States School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgia 30332United States Interdisciplinary Science Department Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNew York 11973United States Institute for Energy Sustainability and Equity Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794United States Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York 11794United States Department of Chemistry Stony Brook UniversityStony Brook 11794United States

For the past two decades,conversion and alloying-type materials have been heralded as the natural heir to commercially available graphite anodes due to their ability to deliver high gravimetric/volumetric *** of batteries with these high-energy-density active materials could impact a variety of sectors including electric vehicles,grid storage,and consumer electronics and contribute toward an ever-increasing electrified ***,the various failure mechanisms from inherent interfacial chemical instabilities associated with these materials make them unable to be merely substituted into currently available electrode fabrication and formulation processing *** a result,realizing the high theoretical capacity and achieving commercial viability of these materials will rely on the careful manipulation of interfacial chemical interactions that dictate and control various kinetic and transport processes across multiple scales of the composite *** has led to a plethora of research that has focused on systematically understanding properties of the different electrode components and designing carefully constructed electrode formulations to achieve composite electrodes with increased chemical stability,enhanced local mixed conductivities,or improved mechanical *** Account relates recent progress in the understanding of synergetic opportunities for energy-dense,resilient composite *** understanding the interplay between components of the composite electrode,we can construct enhanced well-integrated electrodes with performance metrics that surpass empirically derived *** to the increased complexity of high-volume-expanding electrodes,performance is more than the cumulative contributions of the individual components,and therefore energy and compatibility matching are important for robust electrochemical performance across cycling,rate capability,facile lithium-ion transport,and *** this Account,sy

关键词： composite interfacial electrode

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juxtacrine interaction of macrophages and bone marrow stromal cells induce interleukin-6 signals and promote cell migration

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 100-111页

作者： jia Chang amy j Koh Hernan Roca Laurie K McCauley Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry Department of Periodontology University of Florida College of Dentistry Department of Pathology University of Michigan Medical School

The bone marrow contains a heterogeneous milieu of cells, including macrophages, which are key cellular mediators for resolving infection and inflammation. Macrophages are most well known for their ability to phagocytose foreign bodies or apoptotic cells to maintain homeostasis; however, little is known about their function in the bone microenvironment. In the current study, we investigated the in vitro interaction of murine macrophages and bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs）, with focus on the juxtacrine induction of IL-6 signaling and the resultant effect on BMSC migration and growth. The juxtacrine interaction of primary mouse macrophages and BMSCs activated IL-6 signaling in the co-cultures, which subsequently enhanced BMSC migration and increased BMSC numbers. BMSCs and macrophages harvested from IL-6 knockout mice revealed that IL-6 signaling was essential for enhancement of BMSC migration and increased BMSC numbers via juxtacrine interactions. BMSCs were the main contributor of IL-6 signaling~ and hence activation of the IL-6/ gp130/STAT3 pathway. Meanwhile, macrophage derived IL-6 remained important for the overall production of IL-6 protein in the co-cultures. Taken together, these findings show the function of macmphages as co-inducers of migration and growth of BMSCs, which could directly influence bone formation and turnover.

关键词： BMSCs IL bone STAT cell

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CLUSTERING PATENTS USING NON-EXHAUSTIVE OVERLAPS

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第2期19卷 162-181页

作者： Charles V. TRAPPEY amy j.C. TRAPPEY Chun-Yi WU Department of Management Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan China Department of Industrial Engineering & Management National Taipei University of Technology Taiwan China Department of lndustrial Engineering & Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Taiwan China

Patent documents are unique external sources of information that reveal the core technology underlying new inventions. Patents also serve as a strategic data source that can be mined to discover state-of-the-art technical development and subsequently help guide R＆D investments. This research incorporates an ontology schema to extract and represent patent concepts. A clustering algorithm with non-exhaustive overlaps is proposed to overcome deficiencies with exhaustive clustering methods used in patent mining and technology discovery. The non-exhaustive clustering approach allows for the clustering of patent documents with overlapping technical findings and claims, a feature that enables the grouping of patents that define related key innovations. Legal advisors can use this approach to study potential cases of patent infringement or devise strategies to avoid litigation. The case study demonstrates the use of non-exhaustive overlaps algorithm by clustering US and japan radio frequency identification （RFID） patents and by analyzing the legal implications of automated discovery of patent infringement.

关键词： Data mining patent analysis patent infringement non-exhaustive overlap clustering ontology schema

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Investigating the Physiological Mechanisms between Resistance Training and Pain Relief in the Cancer Population: A Literature Review

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journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第2期14卷 80-101页

作者： Yvonne jiang Peter C. Angeletti amy j. Hoffman College of Arts and Sciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Nebraska Center for Virology University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA College of Nursing University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA

This literature review examines the mechanisms of how exercise, specifically in the form of resistance training, may lead to pain relief in the cancer population. Primary data from three different cancer populations: breast, prostate, and lung, will be examined. A number of experimental studies have been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of resistance training on pain relief as well as the biochemical pathways that relate to this process. In this review, we will examine 5 randomized controlled trials. For the purposes of this review, pain is defined as physical suffering or discomfort associated with illness. Pain is the body’s natural signal, bringing attention to damage that has been sustained by tissues. However, chronic pain is common in the cancer population, and often serves no good purpose but instead will negatively impact both physical and mental health. The three types of pain: nociceptive, neuropathic, and inflammatory pathways have been investigated, and the knowledge of pain mechanisms allows for the understanding of how it is associated with pain. The purpose of this exploratory literature review is to give insight on how to maximize pain-relieving effects of resistance training. Research has indicated that resistance training modulates pain pathways by upregulating the release of pain-relieving substances including beta-endorphins, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and endocannabinoids. Understanding of the benefits of resistance training may be useful in relieving cancer pain, and reproducing effects of pain-relieving strategies while minimizing the symptoms related to cancer and its treatment.

关键词： Lung Cancer Breast Cancer Prostate Cancer Exercise Physical Activity Cancer Pain Symptoms Pain Relief Resistance Training Pain Relief Biochemical Pathway

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No evidence for increased cell entry or antibody evasion by Delta sublineage AY.4.2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 449-452页

作者： Prerna Arora amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Martin S.Winkler Martin Lier Sebastian Schulz Hans-Martin jäck Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic,multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have *** some variants spread only locally,others,referred to as variants of concern,disseminated globally and became drivers of the *** SARS-CoV-2 variants harbor mutations relative to the virus circulating early in the pandemic,and mutations in the viral spike(S)protein are considered of particular relevance since the S protein mediates host cell entry and constitutes the key target of the neutralizing antibody *** a consequence,mutations in the S protein may increase SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and enable its evasion of neutralizing ***,mutations in the S protein can modulate viral transmissibility and pathogenicity.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 AY.4.2 Delta Host cell entry Antibody evasion

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RE-ENGINEERING TRANSFORMER MAINTENANCE PROCESSES TO IMPROVE CUSTOMIZED SERVICE DELIVERY

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2011年第3期20卷 323-345页

作者： amy j.C. TRAPPEY Yong SUN Charles V. TRAPPEY Lin MA Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Taiwan China Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Taipei University of Technology Taiwan China School of Engineering Systems Queensland University of Technology Australia Department of Management Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan China

The outage of a transformer in a power generation system will generally result in a shutdown of the entire system. Consequentially, large amounts of revenue are lost to the plant owner with a substantial negative impact on the civil community and industrial customers. This paper analyzes the current maintenance practices （i.e., an as-is process model） of a transformer manufacturing company, which provides maintenance services to power generation plants and reports the major weaknesses in current business practices. The maintenance weaknesses include isolated processes and paper based information communication. These inefficient processes result in service delays, cost increases, and inappropriate responses to customers＇ specific requests and complaints. To improve the efficiency and flexibility of the entire transformer maintenance service system, an e-integration approach is implemented with three key tasks. First, the current business processes are re-engineered to provide an improved （to-be） business model. Then, we replace paper based documentation methods with an electronic filing system for efficient and cost-effective information exchange. Afterward, the improved process model is implemented as an Internet based system to enhance the interactions among the transformer manufacturer, end-users, and service contractors for customized maintenance services. The case study demonstrates that implementing the e-integration approach increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the customized maintenance services.

关键词： Business Processes Reengineering (BPR) asset maintenance power industry after-sales services transformers engineering

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SPECIAL ISSUE EDITORIAL ON ADVANCES IN COLLABORATIVE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING FOR PRODUCT DESIGN, PRODUCTION AND SERVICE NETWORK

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2016年第2期25卷 139-141页

作者： amy j.C. Trappey Weiming Shen john jianzhong Cha Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Taiwan China Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute National Research Council Canada Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University China

From the perspectives of engineering （CE）, computer concurrent supported cooperative work （CSCW）, product lifecycle management （PLM）, to collaborative supply chain and service network, collaborative systems engineering （CSE） has been extended and enriched in many research efforts. CSE is not just a technique or method but also a fundamental business philosophy and strategy.

关键词： perspectives concurrent engineering

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