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Resistance to clarithromycin and gastroenterologist's persistence roles in nomination for Helicobacter pylori as high priority pathogen by World Health Organization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6379-6384页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University

Due to the increasing prevalence of clarithromycin resistance, future of management of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infections need to be recognized. To now, clarithromycin was the best effective, well-tolerated and safe antibiotic used in treatment of the bacterium, but, increasing trend of resistance reduced efficacy of recommended regimens. Indeed, gastroenterologists are mostly unable to start appropriate therapyaccording to the sensitivity profile-due to the certain difficulties in routine H. pylori culture procedure and being time consuming method. This announcement by World Health Organization(WHO) was an onset to reconsider current challenging dilemma about H. pylori clarithromycin resistant isolates. Therefore, investigating of various factors affecting this nomination by WHO is highly welcomed. In fact, WHO enumerated more than 16 pathogens which seriously threats human life and public health, thus better management or effective guidelines are necessary. Here for the first time, we nominated this phenomenon as ‘‘gastroenterologist's persistence'' which should be equally investigated as antibiotic resistance. The ability of gastroenterologists to win the game against H. pylori infections is highly influenced by their collaboration with diagnostic laboratories to apply susceptibility patterns before any prescription. In conclusion, closer collaboration between two important partners(gastroenterologists and microbiologists) in management of H. pylori infection may hopefully trigger an era to remedy current crisis in clarithromycin resistance, a later gastric cancer can be practically preventable.

关键词： Resistance Clarithromycin Helicobacter pylori World Health Organization

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Strategies used by helicobacter pylori to establish persistent infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第16期23卷 2870-2882页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 14115-111Iran

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a Gram-negative and motile bacterium that colonizes the hostile microniche of the human stomach, then persists for the host's entire life, if not effectively treated. Clinically, H. pylori plays a causative role in the development of a wide spectrum of diseases including chronic active gastritis, peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Due to the global distribution of H. pylori, it is no exaggeration to conclude that smart strategies are contributing to adaptation of the bacterium to its permanent host. Thirty-four years after the discovery of this bacterium, there are still many unanswered questions. For example, which strategies help the bacterium to survive in this inhospitable microniche? This question is slightly easier to answer if we presume the same clinical concept for both persistent infection and disease. Understanding the mechanisms governing H. pylori persistence will improve identification of the increased risk of diseases such as gastric cancer in patients infected with this bacterium. A well-defined and longterm equilibrium between the human host and H. pylori allows bacterial persistence in the gastric microniche; although this coexistence leads to a high risk of severe diseases such as gastric cancer. To escape the bactericidal activity of stomach acid, H. pylori secretes large amounts of surface-associated and cytosolic urease. The potential to avoid acidic conditions and immune evasion are discussed in order to explain the persistence of H. pylori colonization in the gastric mucosa, and data on bacterial genetic diversity are included. Information on the mechanisms related to H. pylori persistence can also provide the direction for future research concerning effective therapy and management of gastroduodenal disorders. The topics presented in the current review are important for elucidating the strategies used by H. pylori to help the bacterium persist in

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gastric microniche Persistent infection Gastric cancer

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Role of dup A in virulence of Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10118-10123页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Guillermo Perez-Perez Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Departments of Medicine and Microbiology New York University School of Medicine and VA Medical Center

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a gastric human pathogen associated with acute and chronic gastritis, 70% of all gastric ulcers, 85% of all duodenal ulcers, and both forms of stomach cancer, mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma and adenocarcinoma. Recently, attention has focused on possible relationship between presence of certain virulence factor and H. pylori-associated diseases. Some contradictory data between this bacterium and related disorders has been observed since not all the colonized individuals develop to severe disease. The reported diseases plausibility related to H. pylori specific virulence factors became an interesting story about this organism. Although a number of putative virulence factors have been identified including cytotoxin-associated gene a(cag A) and vac A, there are conflicting data about their actual participation as specific risk factor for H. pylori-related diseases. Duodenal ulcer promoting gene a(dup A) is a virulence factor of H. pylori that is highly associated with duodenal ulcer development and reduced risk of gastric cancer. The prevalence of dup A in H. pylori strains isolated from western countries is relatively higher than in H. pylori strains from Asian countries. Current confusing epidemiological reports will continue unless future sophisticated and molecular studies provide data on functional and complete dup A cluster in H. pylori infected individuals. This paper elucidates available knowledge concerning role of dup A in virulence of H. pylori after a decade of its discovery.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori dup A Bacterial virulence infection Clinical outcome

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Lack of evidence for Helicobacter pylori to prevent children growth efficiently

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第4期12卷 506-507页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Celebi Kocaoglu Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 14115-111Iran Konya Education and Research Hospital Department of Pediatric Intensive CareKonyaTurkey

We have read with great interest an article by Kocaoglu et al published in May issue of the World Journal of Pediatrics.[1]A total of 243 children aged between 8-18 years were examined based on growth determinants and existence of Helicobacter pylori(***)colonization in *** conclusion of this research is that *** colonization affected children growth;and the longer duration of infection,the worse effect on growth.

关键词： H.pylori pylori Helicobacter

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Fecal microbiota transplantation against irritable bowel syndrome?Rigorous randomized clinical trials are required

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2017年第4期8卷 208-209页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical ScienceTarbiat Modares UniversityTehran 14115Iran

Halkj?r et al searched systematically nine articles including 48 patients, and concluded that fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) can be an ideal treatment option for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) subjects. Regardless of the few successes in current traditional therapies(change in diet, herbal medicine and antibiotics) in IBS, a sharp increase in interests in the FMT option has been reported in the current century. However, there is a long list of unclear issues concerning the application of FMT for the treatment of IBS. Route of delivery and optimum dosage are the major concerns to consider before using in clinical practice.

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation Irritable bowel syndrome Microbiota Dysbiosis

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Vaccine against Helicobacter pylori : Inevitable approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第11期22卷 3150-3157页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University

Over three decades have passed since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori), and yet many questions about its treatment remain unanswered. For example, there is no certainty regarding continued use of current antibiotic therapy against H. pylori. The bad news is that even combined regimens are also unable to eradicate bacterial colonization. The worst problem with H. pylori chemotherapy is that even if we identify the most successful regimen, it cannot eliminate the risk of re-infection. This problem is further complicated by the fact that clinicians have no information as to whether probiotics are useful or not. Moreover, to date, we have no large scale produced vaccine effective against H. pylori. Due to the relatively rapid and abundant dissemination of guidelines globally reported concerning management of gastric cancer prevention and therapeutic regimens, clinicians may choose a vaccine as better effective weapon against H. pylori. Therefore, a radical shift in adopted strategies is needed to guide ultimate decisions regarding H. pylori management. In light of failures in vaccine projects, we should identify better vaccine design targeting conserved/essential genes. The unique character and persistence of H. pylori pose obstacles to making an effective vaccine. Preferably, in developing countries, the best reasonable and logical approach is to recommend prophylactic H. pylori vaccine among children as an obligatory national program to limit primary colonization. Trying to produce a therapeutic vaccine would be postponed until later. In reality, we should not forget to prescribe narrow spectrum antibiotics. In the current review, I draw a route to define the best adopted strategy against this rogue bacterium.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori vaccine eradication Probiotic

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Association of inducible nitric oxide synthetase genotype and Helicobacter pylori infection gastric cancer risk may be due to faulty primer design

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第3期19卷 429-430页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Johannes G Kusters Department of Medical Microbiology University Medical Center Utrecht3584 CX UtrechtThe Netherlands

Rafiei et al recently described an association between the presence of the C150T polymorphism of the induc-ible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)gene and Helicobacter pylori(***)induced gastric *** we used primer-BLAST to find the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)product that would be generated by the primers used by these authors no products against any of the sequences present in the GenBank database were *** analysis of the iNOS sequences present in the GenBank suggest that the result from their study might come from a faulty primer design and may thus represent an *** they may be correct and have identified a truly interesting explanation for the mechanism whereby *** induces gastric cancer but some additional experiments would be in order to exclude the possibility of a PCR artifact.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Polymorphism Inducible nitric oxide synthase

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Chinese Helicobacter pylori vaccine: Solution for an old challenge?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第3期7卷 412-415页

作者： amin talebi bezmin abadi Yeong Yeh Lee Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Department of Medicine School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is an important cause for gastric cancer in high risk individuals. H. pylori colonizes more than 50% of the world's population and associated peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancy have important public health implications. It has been classified as a class Ⅰ carcinogen in 1994 by the World Health Organization. Clinicians are often prompted to eliminate the infection the moment it is detected. This also, unfortunately, led to reckless use of antibiotics and reports of increasing resistance are now worldwide. Each year, many of people die from gastric cancer; thus application of effective vaccine can reduce this relatively high mortality worldwide. H. pylori can be eliminated by antibiotics but efficacy is sharply decreasing. Moreover, current therapy is also expensive and with side effects. Vaccine may be the best solution to the above problem but there are many challenges in producing such an effective therapeutic vaccine. Recently, the Chinese group published in Lancet, a single-center, randomized, phase Ⅲ study of an oral recombinant vaccine(Urease B subunit fused with heat-labile enterotoxin B derived from Escherichia coli) prescribed in the Chinese children(6-15 years) without a history of H. pylori infection. This review provides an insight into this new solution for an old challenge.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Resistance Therapy Vaccine Antibiotics

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Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) Induced Mutagenesis in Malaysian Rice (cv. MR219) for Lethal Dose Determination

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1661-1665页

作者： Ali Benjavad talebi amin Benjavad talebi Behzad Shahrokhifar 2De- partment of Computer Sciences Faculty of Science and Information Technology National University of Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Malaysia Department of Plant Biotechnology National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB) Tehran Iran Department of Weed Science Shoushtar Branch Islamic Azad University Shoushtar Iran

Chemical and physical mutagenesis has been used to increase genetic variability in crop plants. More than 430 new varieties have been derived as mutants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) via the application of different mutagenic agents. Chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), diepoxybutane-derived (DEB), sodium azide and irradiation (Gamma rays, X-rays and fast neutrons) have been widely used to induce a large number of functional variations in rice and others crops. Among chemical mutagens, the alkylating agent, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is the most commonly used in plants as it causes a high frequency of nucleotide substitutions, as detected in different genomes. In this study, seeds of potential genotype of the popular variety, (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica cv. MR219) were treated with EMS at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5% and 2%. Sensitivity to EMS was determined by various measurements on the M1 generation. As concentration of applied EMS increased, will decrease in germination, seedling height, root length and emergence under field conditions was observed in M1 generation as compared to the non-treatment control. Plant height and root length also decreased with increases in EMS mutagenesis in an approximately linear fashion. The LD25 and LD50 values were observed based on growth reduction of seedlings after EMS treatment with 0.25% and 0.50% on the rice variety (Oryza sativa L. spp. Indica cv. MR219).

关键词： EMS Lethal Dose Chemical Mutagenesis Ethyl-Methane Sulfonate Oryza Sativa Indica cv. MR219

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Monitoring hawksbill turtle nesting sites in some protected areas from the Persian Gulf

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第12期38卷 43-51页

作者： Majid Askari Hesni Mohsen Rezaie-Atagholipour Somaye Zangiabadi Mohammad amin Tollab Mostafa Moazeni Hosein Jafari Mohammad talebi Matin Ghasem Ghorbanzadeh Zafarani Mahtab Shojaei Abbas Motlaghnejad Faculty of Sciences Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman ***Iran Qeshm Environmental Conservation Institute(QECI) Qeshm Island ***Iran Marine Environment Branch Bushehr Department of EnvironmentBushehr ***Iran Marine Environment Branch Iranian Department of EnvironmentTehran 14155-7383Iran Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development(RCESD) Iranian Department of EnvironmentTehran 141551156Iran

Iranian nesting populations of the critically endangered hawksbill turtle(Eretmochelys imbricate) are some of the most important in the Indian Ocean. In this study, four of the most important hawksbill nesting grounds in the Persian Gulf, situated within three Iranian marine protected areas, were surveyed during nesting season,including Nakhiloo, Ommolgorm and Kharko Islands and the mainland beaches of the Naiband Marine-Coastal National Park(NMCNP). We present GIS maps of these key nesting grounds and describe sand texture of key nesting zones, along with conservation recommendations. About 9.2(28.3%) out of 32.5 km of all shores surveyed in this study were used by nesting hawksbill turtles follows: Nakhiloo: 1.4 km(52% of potential nesting area);Ommolgorm: 1.94 km(40%);Kharko: 3.4 km(28%), and NMCNP: 2.46 km(18.9%). The average nesting density was calculated as 131 nests/km at Nakhiloo, 76 nests/km at Ommolgorm, 7 nests/km at Kharko, and 15 nests per km at NMCNP. Highest nesting density was observed in Nakhiloo and Ommolgorm. It is thought that high hawksbill nesting density in these islands seems likely a result of limiting adequate nesting shores rather than the size of population, and also low density in Kharko and NMCNP more related to past and current pressures and low population density. With the exception of Ommolgorm Island, sands at the nesting grounds were well *** size indicated that female hawksbill turtles in the Iranian Persian Gulf nest in sands that are generally mixed, with mean grain size ranging from coarse sands(0.4Φ;~0.5–1 mm) to fine sands(2Φ;~0.25 mm). We provide and discuss conservation recommendations and suggestions for future.

关键词： marine protected areas marine turtles nesting sand texture GIS maps

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