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How do neurons age?A focused review on the aging of the microtubular cytoskeleton

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1899-1907页

作者： Brad richardson Thomas Goedert shmma Quraishe Katrin Deinhardt Amritpal Mudher school of Biological sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine University of OxfordOxfordUK

Aging is the leading risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. We now understand that a breakdown in the neuronal cytoskeleton, mainly underpinned by protein modifications leading to the destabilization of microtubules, is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. This is accompanied by morphological defects across the somatodendritic compartment, axon, and synapse. However, knowledge of what occurs to the microtubule cytoskeleton and morphology of the neuron during physiological aging is comparatively poor. several recent studies have suggested that there is an age-related increase in the phosphorylation of the key microtubule stabilizing protein tau, a modification, which is known to destabilize the cytoskeleton in Alzheimer’s disease. This indicates that the cytoskeleton and potentially other neuronal structures reliant on the cytoskeleton become functionally compromised during normal physiological aging. The current literature shows age-related reductions in synaptic spine density and shifts in synaptic spine conformation which might explain age-related synaptic functional deficits. However, knowledge of what occurs to the microtubular and actin cytoskeleton, with increasing age is extremely limited. When considering the somatodendritic compartment, a regression in dendrites and loss of dendritic length and volume is reported whilst a reduction in soma volume/size is often seen. However, research into cytoskeletal change is limited to a handful of studies demonstrating reductions in and mislocalizations of microtubule-associated proteins with just one study directly exploring the integrity of the microtubules. In the axon, an increase in axonal diameter and age-related appearance of swellings is reported but like the dendrites, just one study investigates the microtubules directly with others reporting loss or mislocalization of microtubule-associated proteins. Though these are the general trends reported, there are clea

关键词： age-related changes aging cytoskeleton microtubules neuronal morphology

Assessment of CO_(2)storage prospect based on physical properties of Rio Bonito Formation rock units

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 321-330页

作者： richardson M.Abraham-A stephanie san Martín Cañas Isabella F.s.Miranda Colombo C.G.Tassinari Institute of Energy and Environment(IEE) University of São Paulo(USP)Brazil Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation(RCGI) University of Sãao Paulo(USP)Brazil

The physical properties of the rock units associated with the Rio Bonito Formation are presented in this study with the focus on modelling reservoir quality based on petrophysics-derived parameters to evaluate CO_(2)storage *** involves the modelling of the reservoir depths,thicknesses,flow zone indicators(FZI),and effective permeability(Keff)and presenting the CO_(2)storage efficiency factors peculiar to the rock units of the study *** results presented by this study for the stated objectives are not quite common in the *** values range from 200 mD to higher than 2000 mD,and FZI values are generally above 1.0 mm and up to 13.0 mm within the portions covered by the drilled *** sandstone units recorded are up to 20 m thick in some *** Keff and FZI models indicate the sandstone reservoirs as permeable units to support the injection and circulation of CO_(2)within the potential reservoir units of the Rio Bonio Formation across são Paulo *** from some points in the southeastern part of the study location,where the Rio Bonito are delineated at depths less than 800 m(minimum CO_(2)storage depth based on best practices),other portions are deeper,ranging from 950 m to 3500 ***-bedded layers will affect the integrity of the rocks as CO_(2)storage tanks or reservoir seals/traps/overburden within the *** bed thicknesses are up to 20 m in some ***,hybrid CO_(2)reservoir units are feasible,especially in portions where thin siltstone layers are sandwiched between sandstone units to provide considerable thicknesses based on CO_(2)storage *** current study shows that useable areas considering reservoir thickness,depth,and other physical qualities will significantly control the CO_(2)storage efficiency of the study *** studies featuring a detailed geophysical exploration of the site to confirm the availability and saturations of preexisting fluid(hydrocarbon and water)are encouraged

关键词： Rio Bonito Effective permeability Fluid transmissibility CO_(2)storage prospect Reservoir quality Overburden integrity Flow zones

Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco J.Escaray amelia Felipo-Benavent Cristian J.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** s factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

Changes in Adipose Tissue and Circulating Concentrations of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Midlife Women

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Environment & Health 2024年第4期2卷 243-252页

作者： amelia Grant-Alfieri Amila Devasurendra stuart Batterman Carrie Karvonen-Gutierrez sung Kyun Park Department of Environmental Health sciences University of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMichigan 48109United States Department of Epidemiology University of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMichigan 48109United States

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)are persistent organic pollutants(POPs)that bioaccumulate in adipose *** investigated the relationship between change in central adiposity and changes in circulating concentrations of POPs over a 12-year period during the *** concentrations of 34 PCBs and 19 OCPs were measured at four time points(1999/2000,2002/03,2005/06,2009/11)in a cohort of midlife women,the study of Women’s Health Across the *** mixed models were used to test the association between a change in waist circumference and a change in serum POP ***-five women contributed 181 PCB ***-nine women contributed 151 OCP *** adjustment for covariates(study site,race and ethnicity,age at baseline,parity),a one-inch(2.54 cm)increase in the change in waist circumference between visits was associated with a 4.9%decrease in the change in serum concentration of PCB 194(95%CI:−8.0%,−1.6%).No associations were observed for other PCB congeners or the presence of *** increase in the difference in waist circumference over time was not associated with a change in the difference in serum concentrations of PCBs and OCPs except for PCB 194,possibly due to the high lipophilicity.

关键词： persistent organic pollutants PCBs pesticides adipose tissue women midlife

Tuning electronic properties of cobalt phthalocyanines for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions

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science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 398-407页

作者： Jianlin Jiang Zhen Liu shuaijun Pan Xinnian Xia Bing Qin Yang Hu Xuxu Wang Jiamin Lan Yu Gu Encai Ou Weijian Xu Joseph J.richardson Rui Guo sINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Chemistry and Materials science Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Department of Chemical Engineering The University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia College of Environmental science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China school of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia

Metal–phthalocyanines are a class of catalytically active materials promising in energy conversion and storage fields(e.g.,electrocatalysis).However,understanding and controlling the electrochemical properties in metal-phthalocyanine systems is ***,we elucidate the electrocatalytic origins of a series of cobalt-phthalocyanine molecular catalysts and finetune their electronic properties at the atomic level,both experimentally and *** interactions between the cobalt center and the local coordination environment are regulated by introducing either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups on the phthalocyanine ligand,and the spin-orbit splitting of cobalt is increased by~0.15 eV compared with the nonsubstituted ***,the aminated cobalt phthalocyanine-based electrocatalysts exhibit low free energies in the ratedetermining steps of the oxygen reduction(-1.68 eV)and oxygen evolution reactions(0.37 eV).This contributes to the high electrocatalytic activity(e.g.,a halfwave potential of 0.84 V and an overpotential of 0.30 V at 10 mAcm^(-2)),featuring a high selectivity of a four-electron pathway(i.e.,a negligible by-product of hydrogen peroxide).These catalysts also exhibit exceptional kinetic current density(Tafel slope of 100 mV dec^(-1))in oxygen reduction reactions,in addition to a superior power density(158 mWcm^(-2))and a high cycling stability(>1,300 cycles)in Zn-air batteries,outperforming the commercial Pt/C and/or RuO2counterparts.

关键词： interfacial wettability molecular catalysts carbon nanotubes density functional theory electrochemistry

Hydrocarbon indication in Rio Bonito Formation sandstone:Implication for CO_(2)storage in são Paulo,Brazil

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 331-341页

作者： richardson M.Abraham-A Haline V.Rocha saulo B.de Oliveira Colombo C.G.Tassinarri Orlando C.da silva Institute of Energy and Environment University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil

são Paulo state has witnessed CO_(2)storage-based investigations considering the availability of suitable geologic structures and proximity to primary CO_(2)source sinks related to bioenergy and carbon capture and storage(BECCs)*** current study presents the hydrocarbon viability evaluations and CO_(2)storage prospects,focusing on the sandstone units of the Rio Bonito *** objective is to apply petrophysical evaluations with geochemical inputs in predicting future hydrocarbon(gas)production to boost CO_(2)storage within the study *** study used data from eleven wells with associated wireline logs(gamma ray,resistivity,density,neutron,and sonic)to predict potential hydrocarbon accumulation and fluid mobility in the investigated *** samples(shale and carbonate)obtained from depths>200 m within the study location have shown bitumen *** geochemistry data of the Rio Bonito Formation shale beds suggest they are potential hydrocarbon source rocks and could have contributed to the gas accumulations within the sandstone *** drilled well data,e.g.,CB-1-sP and TI-1-sP,show hydrocarbon(gas)presence based on the typical resistivity and the combined neutron-density responses at depths up to 3400 m,indicating the possibility of other hydrocarbon members apart from the heavy oil(bitumen)observed from the near-surface rocks *** the three-dimensional(3-D)model,the free fluid indicator(FFI)is more significant towards the southwest and southeast of the area with deeper depths of occurrence,indicating portions with reasonable hydrocarbon recovery rates and good prospects for CO_(2)injection,circulation and permanent ***,future studies based on contemporary datasets are required to establish the hydrocarbon viability further,foster gas production events,and enhance CO_(2)storage possibilities within the region.

关键词： ParanáBasin Hydrocarbon indication sandstone reservoirs Rio Bonito Formation CO_(2)storage Hydrocarbon recovery factor Fluid injection rate

screening and identifying natural products with sARs-CoV-2 infection inhibitory activity from medicinal fungi

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第1期6卷 12-20页

作者： shuang Zhao amelia siqi Huang Weibo Zhang Lili Ren Hexiang Wang Jianbin Wang Xinyang shao Guanbo Wang Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition Institute of Plant ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBejing 100097China Bejing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable storage and Processing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBejing 100097China Dalton Academy The Affliated High School of Peking UniversityBeijing 100190China NHC Key Laboratory of systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Merieux Laboratory National Institute of Pathogen BiologyBejing 100730China Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China College of Biological sciences China Agricultural UniversityBejing 100193China school of Life sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Changping Laboratory Beijing 102206China Institute for Cell Analysis Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China

The coronavirus disease of 2019(COVID‐19),a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sARs‐CoV‐2),can result in severe health *** addition to physical preventative measures,pharmaceutical intervention is also *** natural products from medicinal fungi have shown promise as potential antiviral drugs and may serve as a source of effective components with antiviral activity against sARs‐CoV‐2 and other *** this study,we developed a workflow that integrates viral infection inhibition assays at both cellular and molecular levels,as well as molecular separation and characterization,to screen and identify natural products with antiviral *** this workflow,we screened 167 extracts extracted from 36 medicinal fungi using optimized extraction *** assessed the antiviral effects of these extracts by measuring their ability to inhibit sARs‐CoV‐2 infection and receptor binding domain‐human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2(RBD‐hACE2)binding in *** charge‐and size‐based characterization of the active compounds through filtration and chromatographic fractionation,mass spectrometry characterization of the fractionated compounds revealed that the active components are polysaccharides and determined their monosaccharide residue *** findings provide new insights into the antiviral potential of natural products and their screening strategies and may contribute to the development of effective antiviral therapeutics against COVID‐19 and other diseases.

关键词： Medicinal fungi Natural products Antiviral activity COVID‐19 Polysaccharides

Meta-analysis quantifying the potential of dietary additives and rumen modifiers for methane mitigation in ruminant production systems

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1219-1230页

作者： amelia K.Almeida Roger sHegarty Annette Cowie school of Environmental and Rural science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia NsW Department of Primary Industries Trevenna RdArmidaleNSW2351Australia

Increasingly countries are seeking to reduce emission of greenhouse gases from the agricultural industries,and livestock production in particular,as part of their climate change *** many reviews update progress in mitigation research,a quantitative assessment of the efficacy and performance-consequences of nutritional strategies to mitigate enteric methane(CH_(4))emissions from ruminants has been lacking.A meta-analysis was conducted based on 108 refereed papers from recent animal studies(2000-2020)to report effects on CH4 production,CH_(4) yield and CH_(4) emission intensity from 8 dietary *** interventions(oils,microalgae,nitrate,ionophores,protozoal control,phytochemicals,essential oils and 3-nitrooxypropanol).Of these,macroalgae and 3-nitrooxypropanol showed greatest efficacy in reducing CH_(4) yield(g CH_(4)/kg of dry matter intake)at the doses *** confidence intervals derived for the mitigation efficacies could be applied to estimate the potential to reduce national livestock emissions through the implementation of these dietary interventions.

关键词： Beef cattle Methane emissions abatement Dairy cattle Greenhouse gas sheep

Overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in myeloproliferative neoplasms

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第6期15卷 717-729页

作者： Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Bahadar singh srichawla Yong-Feng Chen Poulami Roy Arkadeep Dhali Ahmed Nahian Muhammad Romail Manan Vincent Kipkorir Richard Christian suteja Lakshmi Venkata simhachalam Kutikuppala amelia Maria Găman Camelia Cristina Diaconu Faculty of Medicine “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Department of Hematology Center of Hematolog Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Stefan S Nicolau Institute of VirologyRomanian AcademyBucharest 030304Romania Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Department of Basic Medical sciences School of Medicine of Taizhou UniversityTaizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Medicine North Bengal Medical College and HospitalWest Bengal 734012India Academic Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom Lecom at seton Hill GreensburgPA 15601United States Faculty of Medicine Services HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology University of NairobiNairobi 00100Kenya Faculty of Medicine Udayana UniversityDenpasarBali 80361Indonesia Department of General surgery Dr.NTR University of Health SciencesVijayawada 520008Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Pathophysiology University of Medicine and Pharmacy of CraiovaCraiova 200349Romania Clinic of Hematology Filantropia City HospitalCraiova 200143Romania Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine“Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Internal Medicine Clinic Clinical Emergency Hospital of BucharestBucharest 105402Romania

Myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs)occur due to the abnormal proliferation of one or more terminal myeloid cell lines in peripheral *** suffering from MPNs display a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors,and thrombotic events are often the cause of death in this population of ***,we provide a brief overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome and their epidemiology in MPNs and examine the common molecular mechanisms between dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,and MPNs,with a special focus on cardio-vascular risk,atherosclerosis,and thrombotic ***,we investigate the impact of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome on the occurrence and survival of thrombosis in MPN patients,as well as the management of dyslipidemia in MPNs,and the impact of MPN treatment on serum lipid concentrations,particularly as side/adverse effects reported in the context of clinical trials.

关键词： Polycythemia vera Essential thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis Cardiovascular disease Hypercholesterolemia Hypertriglyceridemia Obesity Diabetes Inflammation Oxidative stress