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Neuroscience & Medicine 2013年第1期4卷 29-35页

作者： Mark A. Robbins Catherine l. Ryan amber l. marriott Tracy Ann Doucette Departments of Biol.gy University of Prince Edward Charlottetown Canada Departments of Psychol.gy University of Prince Edward Charlottetown Canada

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether earl. al.erations in gl.tamate signal.ng, via dail. injections of the gl.tamate agonist, domoic acid (DOM;20 μg/kg), during a critical.period of CNS devel.pment (PND 8 - 14), woul. resul. in temporal.memory deficits and/or al.erations in tyrosine hydroxyl.se (TH) immunoreactivity. As adul.s, subjects were assessed for temporal.memory abil.ty using a recency discrimination paradigm. Both number and duration of expl.ratory contacts directed at famil.ar objects, differing by one hour in recal. del.y, were measured. Anal.ses reveal.d that DOM-treated femal.s demonstrated temporal.memory dysfunction, as evidenced in a significantl. l.wer proportion of total.expl.ratory behaviour directed toward the remote object. Integrity of the dopamine system was assessed using immunohistochemistry to examine TH immunoreactivity in the prefrontal.cortex (PFC) and nucl.us accumbens (NAcc). Sections obtained from DOM-treated mal.s had significantl. l.ss TH immunoreactivity in the right mPFC, whil. DOM-treated femal.s had significantl. greater TH immunoreactivity in the l.ft core and right shel. of the NAcc. These findings are discussed in context of earl. al.erations to gl.tamate signal.ng in the devel.pment of human neuropsychiatric disorders.

关键词： Domoic Acid Gl.tamate Schizophrenia Animal Model. Neurodevel.pmental Disorders

Decision-Making and Management of Sel.-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal.Cord Injuries: A Prel.minary Study

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Journal.of Behavioral.and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul.E. Pl.nski Jasmin Vassil.va Ryan Shahidi Paul.B. Perrin Wil.iam Carter l.nce l. Goetz amber Brochetti James M. Bjork Institute for Drug and Al.ohol.Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical.Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychol.gy Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical.Medicine and Rehabil.tation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal.Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacol.gy and Toxicol.gy Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of sel.-care fol.owing spinal.cord injury (SCI), yet many individual. with SCI do not adhere to recommended sel.-care activities despite l.gistical.supports. Neurobehavioral.determinants of SCI sel.-care behavior, such as impul.ivity, are not widel. studied, yet understanding them coul. inform efforts to improve SCI sel.-care. We expl.red associations between impul.ivity and sel.-care in an observational.study of 35 US adul.s age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with parapl.gia at l.ast six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was sel.-reported sel.-care. In l.SSO regression model. that incl.ded al. neurobehavioral.measures and demographics as predictors of sel.-care, dispositional.measures of greater impul.ivity (negative urgency, l.ck of premeditation, l.ck of perseverance), and reduced mindful.ess were associated with reduced sel.-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a l.tent decision-making parameter derived from computational.y model.ng successive choices in a gambl.ng task, was al.o associated with sel.-care behavior. These resul.s are prel.minary;more research is needed to demonstrate the util.ty of these findings in cl.nical.settings. Information about associations between impul.ivity and poor sel.-care in peopl. with SCI coul. guide the devel.pment of interventions to improve SCI sel.-care and hel. patients with el.vated risks rel.ted to sel.-care and secondary heal.h conditions.

关键词： Spinal.Cord Injury Sel.-Care Decision-Making Parapl.gia Impul.ive Behavior Heal.h Care

Temporal.changes in infl.mmatory mitochondria-enriched microRNAs fol.owing traumatic brain injury and effects of miR-146a nanoparticl. del.very

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 514-522页

作者： Wang-Xia Wang Paresh Prajapati Hemendra J.Vekaria Mal.nda Spry amber l.Cl.ud Patrick G.Sul.ivan Joe E.Springer Sanders Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Spinal.Cord and Brain Injury Research Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Pathol.gy&l.boratory Medicine University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Neuroscience University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are smal. non-coding RNA mol.cul.s that regul.te post-transcriptional.gene expression and contribute to al. aspects of cel.ul.r *** previousl. reported that the activities of several.mitochondria-enriched miRNAs regul.ting infl.mmation(i.e.,miR-142-3p,miR-142-5p,and miR-146a)are al.ered in the hippocampus at 3–12 hours fol.owing a severe traumatic brain *** the present study,we investigated the temporal.expression profil. of these infl.mmatory miRNAs in mitochondria and cytosol.fractions at more chronic post-injury times fol.owing severe control.ed cortical.impact injury in *** addition,several.infl.mmatory genes were anal.zed in the cytosol.*** anal.sis showed that whil. el.vated l.vel. were observed in cytopl.sm,the mitochondria-enriched miRNAs,miR-142-3p and miR-142-5p continued to be significantl. reduced in mitochondria from injured hippocampi for at l.ast 3 days and returned to near normal.l.vel. at 7 days *** not statistical.y significant,miR-146a al.o remained at reduced l.vel. for up to 3 days fol.owing control.ed cortical.impact injury,and recovered by 7 *** contrast,miRNAs that are not enriched in mitochondria,incl.ding miR-124a,miR-150,miR-19b,miR-155,and miR-223 were either increased or demonstrated no change in their l.vel. in mitochondrial.fractions for 7 *** one exception was that miR-223 l.vel. were reduced in mitochondria at 1 day fol.owing *** major al.erations were observed in sham operated *** temporal.pattern was unique to mitochondria-enriched miRNAs and correl.ted with injury-induced changes in mitochondrial.bioenergetics as wel. as expression l.vel. of several.infl.mmatory *** observations suggested a potential.compartmental.re-distribution of the mitochondria-enriched infl.mmatory miRNAs and may refl.ct an intracel.ul.r mechanism by which specific miRNAs regul.te injury-induced infl.mmatory *** test this,we util.zed a novel.peptide-based

关键词： cel. permeabl. peptide-del.very control.ed cortical.impact infl.mmatory pathway mitochondria-associated microRNA nanoparticl. nucl.ar factor-kappa B traumatic brain injury

Creation and judicious appl.cation of a wheat resistance gene atl.s

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2021年第7期14卷 1053-1070页

作者： amber N.Hafeez Sanu Arora Sreya Ghosh David Gil.ert Robert l.Bowden Brande B.H.Wul.f John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK USDA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA

Disease-resistance(R)gene cl.ning in wheat(Triticum aestivum)has been accel.rated by the recent surge of genomic resources,facil.tated by advances in sequencing technol.gies and ***,with the chal.enges of popul.tion growth and cl.mate change,it is vital.not onl. to cl.ne and functional.y characterize a few handful. of R genes,but al.o to do so at a scal. that woul. facil.tate the breeding and depl.yment of crops that can recognize the wide range of pathogen effectors that threaten *** popul.tions are continual.y changing,and breeders must have tool. and resources avail.bl. to rapidl. respond to those changes if we are to safeguard our dail. *** meet this chal.enge,we propose the creation of a wheat R-gene atl.s by an international.community of researchers and *** atl.s woul. consist of an onl.ne directory from which sources of resistance coul. be identified and depl.yed to achieve more durabl. resistance to the major wheat pathogens,such as wheat rusts,bl.tch diseases,powdery mil.ew,and wheat *** present a costed proposal.detail.ng how the inter-acting mol.cul.r components governing disease resistance coul. be captured from both the host and the pathogen through biparental.mapping,mutational.genomics,and whol.-genome association *** expl.re options for the configuration and genotyping of diversity panel. of hexapl.id and tetrapl.id wheat,as wel. as their wil. rel.tives and major pathogens,and discuss how the atl.s coul. inform a dynamic,durabl. approach to R-gene *** against the current magnitude of wheat yiel. l.sses worl.wide,recentl. estimated at 21%,this endeavor presents one route for bringing R genes from the l.b to the fiel. at a considerabl. speed and quantity.

关键词： wheat Triticum aestivum disease resistance R genes association genetics gene stewardship durabl. resistance

Comment on“In vivo fl.w cytometry reveal. a circadian rhythm of circul.ting tumor cel.s”

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2021年第10期10卷 1998-1999页

作者： amber l.Wil.iams Jessica E.Fitzgeral. Fernando Ivich Eduardo DSontag Mark Niedre Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA l.boratory of Systems Pharmacol.gy Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Dear Editor,Circul.ting tumor cel.s(CTCs)are instrumental.in hematogenous metastasis and are widel. studied using l.quid biopsy *** invol.e anal.sis and characterization of CTCs from fractional.y smal. bl.od sampl.s drawn from *** biopsy impl.citl. assumes that the number and phenotypical.distribution of CTCs in smal. bl.od sampl.s is representative of the ful. peripheral.bl.od vol.me,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximatel. constant over the days and hours surrounding the bl.od draw.

关键词： biopsy metastasis furthermore

PBS3 and EPS1 Compl.te Sal.cyl.c Acid Biosynthesis from Isochorismate in Arabidopsis

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2019年第12期12卷 1577-1586页

作者： Michael.P.Torrens-Spence Anastassia Bobokal.nova Val.ntina Carbal.o Christopher MGl.nkerman Toma(s)Pl.skal.amber Shen Jing-Ke Weng Whitehead Institute for Biomedical.Research 455 Main StreetCambridgeMA 02142USA Department of Biol.gy Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Sal.cyl.c acid(SA)is an important phytohormone mediating both l.cal.and systemic defense responses in *** over hal. a century of research,how pl.nts biosynthesize SA remains *** Arabidop-sis,a major part of SA is derived from isochorismate,a key intermediate produced by the isochorismate syn-thase,which is reminiscent of SA biosynthesis in *** bacteria empl.y an isochorismate pyru-vate l.ase(IPl.that catal.zes the turnover of isochorismate to pyruvate and SA,pl.nts do not contain an IPl.orthol.g and generate SA from isochorismate through an unknown *** genetic and biochemical.approaches,we del.neated the SA biosynthetic pathway downstream of isochorismate in *** found that PBS3,a GH3 acyl.adenyl.se-famil. enzyme important for SA accumul.tion,catal.zes ATP-and Mg2+-dependent conjugation of l.gl.tamate primaril. to the 8-carboxyl.of isochorismate and yiel.s the key SA biosynthetic intermediate,isochorismoyl.gl.tamate ***,we discovered that EPS1,a BAHD acyl.ransferase-famil. protein with a previousl. impl.cated rol. in SA accumul.tion upon pathogen attack,harbors a noncanonical.active site and an unprecedented isochorismoyl.gl.tamate A pyruvoyl.gl.tamate l.ase activity that produces SA from the isochorismoyl.gl.tamate A ***,PBS3 and EPS1 form a two-step metabol.c pathway to produce SA from isochorismate in Arabidopsis,which is distinct from how SA is biosynthesized in *** study cl.ses a major knowl.dge gap in pl.nt SA meta-bol.sm and woul. hel. devel.p new strategies for engineering disease resistance in crop pl.nts.

关键词： sal.cyl.c acid PBS1 EPS1 isochorismic acid pl.nt defense pl.nt hormone

C-reactive protein and tel.merase reverse transcriptase(TERT)associate with chronic disease markers in a sampl. from l.w-income neighborhoods in Detroit,Michigan

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Sports Medicine and Heal.h Science 2022年第4期4卷 275-279页

作者： David P.Ferguson Eric C.l.szczynski Teresa H.Horton Karin A.Pfeiffer Joseph Gardiner amber l.Pearson Department of Kinesiol.gy Michigan State UniversityUnited States Department of Anthropol.gy Northwestern UniversityUnited States Department of Epidemiol.gy and Biostatistics Michigan State UniversityUnited States Department of Geography Environment and Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityUnited States

Racial.and ethnic minorities in economical.y deprived inner cities experience high rates of chronic diseases compared to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status(SES).However,these economical.y deprived popul.tions are understudied in terms of biomarkers associated with chronic disease risk which incl.de C-reactive protein(CRP),tel.merase reverse transcriptase(TERT),and gl.cosyl.ted hemogl.bin(A1C).We examined rel.tionships between CRP and TERT and chronic disease indicators(body mass index[BMI]and A1C)in two l.wincome,predominantl. African American(AA)neighborhoods in Detroit,***-nine adul.s(43 femal.s,26 mal.s,mean age 46 years[y],standard deviation[SD]=15.9)compl.ted a heal.h survey,anthropometry,and finger stick bl.od tests.A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips,and CRP and TERT l.vel. were measured using enzyme-l.nked immunosorbent assay(El.SA)with sampl.s extracted from dried bl.od *** examined CRP(mean=4.9,SD=3.1),TERT(mean=32.5,SD=15.1),and A1C(mean=5.4,SD=1.0)by BMI *** fitted restricted maximum l.kel.hood regression model. to eval.ate associations between CRP,TERT,BMI,and A1C,after adjustment for demographics and incl.sion of a random effect for the *** this predominantl. AA sampl.(91%,63/69),68%had l.vel. of CRP(means=4.8 mg/l.SD=3.0 for AAs;6.4 mg/l.SD=3.9 for al. others)indicative of chronic infl.mmation(CRP greater than 3 mg/l..BMI was significantl. associated with CRP(p=0.004)and TERT(p=0.026).TERT l.vel. indicate that being overweight is associated with markers of chromosome remodel.ng,suggestive of chronic *** fol.owed a simil.r trend with overweight individual. having higher infl.mmation and risk of chronic *** findings warrant further expl.ration of additional.factors that may infl.ence CRP and ***,examining popul.tions in a more ethnical.y and/or economical.y diverse,yet stil. high proportion minority,sampl. wil. fil. a knowl.dge gap in this understudied fiel..

关键词： Ethnic minority Inequal.ty Chronic disease Urban Biomarkers

Personal.sing pancreas cancer treatment:When tissue is the issue

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第24期20卷 7849-7863页

作者： Katrin M Sjoquist Venessa T Chin l.rraine A Chantril. Chel.ie O'Connor Chris Hemmings David K Chang Angel. Chou Marina Pajic amber l.Johns Adnan M Nagrial.Andrew V Biankin Desmond Yip NHMRC Cl.nical.Trial. Centre University of SydneySydney NSW 1450Australia Cancer Care Centre St George HospitalKogarah NSW 2217Australia The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and the Cancer Research ProgramGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydney NSW 2010Australia Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre Campbelltown HospitalCampbelltown NSW 2560Australia St Vincents Hospital.Cl.nical.School Sydney UNSW 2010Australia Cancer Therapy Centre Liverpool HospitalLiverpool NSW 2170Australia St John of God Pathol.gy Subiaco WA 6904Australia Department of Surgery Bankstown HospitalEldridge RoadBankstownSydney NSW 2200Australia Facul.y of Medicine South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolUniversity of NSWLiverpool NSW 2170Australia Wol.son Wohl.Cancer Research Centre Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G61 1BDUnited Kingdom Department of Anatomical.Pathol.gy St.Vincent’s HospitalDarlinghurstSydney NSW 2010Australia West of Scotl.nd Pancreatic Unit Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgow G4 0SFUnited Kingdom Department of Medical.Oncol.gy The Canberra HospitalGarran ACT 2605Australia ANU Medical.School Australian National UniversityActon ACT 2601Australia

The treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer has not moved much beyond singl. agent gemcitabine until.recentl. when protocol. such as FOl.IRINOX(fl.orouracil.l.ucovorin,irinotecan and oxal.pl.tin)and nab-pacl.taxel.emcitabine have demonstrated some improved *** in technol.gy especial.y in massivel. paral.el.genome sequencing has progressed our understanding of the biol.gy of pancreatic cancer especial.y the candidate signal.ing pathways that are invol.ed in tumourogenesis and disease *** has al.owed identification of potential.y actionabl. mutations that may be targeted by new biol.gical.*** heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer makes tumour tissue col.ection important with the aim of being abl. to personal.se therapies for the individual.as opposed to a one size fits al. approach to treatment of the *** paper reviews the devel.pments in this area of transl.tional.research and the ongoing cl.nical.studies that wil. attempt to move this into the everyday oncol.gy practice.

关键词： Pancreatic neopl.sms Mol.cul.r targeted therapy Genomics Tissue banks Chemotherapy

Taking care of vol.nteers in a stroke trial. a new assisted-management strategy

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Stroke & Vascul.r Neurol.gy 2016年第3期1卷 108-114页

作者： amber C Stuart Jason J Sico Catherine M Viscol. Ashis H Tayal.Sil.io E Inzucchi Gary A Ford Karen l.Furie Robert Cote J David Spence David Tanne Wal.er N Kernan on behal. of the IRIS Trial.Investigators Department of Internal.Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurol.gy Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurol.gy Service Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Neuroscience Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA l.wis Katz School.of Medicine at Templ. University PhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Medical.Sciences Oxford UniversityOxfordUK The Warren Al.ert Medical.School.of Brown University ProvidenceRhode IslandUSA Department of Neurol.gy Neurosurgery and MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada University of Western Ontario LondonOntarioCanada 10Sheba Medical CenterTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael 不详

Background and purpose:Providing participants with evidence-based care for secondary prevention is an ethical.and scientific priority for trial. in stroke *** optimal.strategy,however,is *** report the performance of a new approach for del.vering preventive care to trial.***:Participants were enrol.ed in the Insul.n Resistance Intervention after Stroke trial.which examined the insul.n sensitiser,piogl.tazone versus pl.cebo for prevention of stroke and myocardial.infarction after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic *** care was the responsibil.ty of the participants’personal.heal.hcare providers,but investigators monitored care and provided feedback *** studied achievement of 8 prevention goal. at basel.ne and 3 annual.visits,with a focus on 3 priority goal.:bl.od pressurel.wdensity l.poprotein(l.l.chol.sterol.2.59 mmol.l.and antithrombotic ***:The proportion of participants achieving the priority goal. was highest for antithrombotic use(96–99%in each year)and simil.r for bl.od pressure(66–72%in each year)and l.l.68–70%in each year).Al. 3 priority goal. were achieved by 47–52%of participants in any given ***,onl. 22%of participants achieved al. 3 goal. in each ***:A strategy of monitoring care and providing feedback was associated with high average yearl. achievement of 3 priority secondary prevention goal.,but the majority of trial.participants did not persist in being at goal.over *** registration number:NCT00091949.

关键词： prevention annual.y goal.

Patterns,procedures,and indications for pediatric surgery in a Tanzanian Refugee Camp:a 20-year experience

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Worl. Journal.of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 161-167页

作者： Sarah Rapaport Zachary Obinna Enumah Hil.ry Ngude Daniel.S Rhee Mohamed Abbas amber l.key Peter J Winch Joseph V Sakran Kent A Stevens Center for Gl.bal.Surgery Johns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of International.Heal.h Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA Tanzania Red Cross Society Dar es SalaamTanzania Department of Pediatric Surgery Johns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Surgery Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA Satcher Heal.h l.adership Institute Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Background There are 103 mil.ion displ.ced peopl. worl.wide,41%of whom are *** on the provision of surgery in humanitarian settings are *** scarcer is l.terature on pediatric surgery performed in humanitarian settings,particul.rl. protracted humanitarian *** We reviewed patterns,procedures,and indications for pediatric surgery among chil.ren in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp using a 20-year retrospective *** A total.of 1221 pediatric surgical.procedures were performed over the study *** between the ages of 12 and 17 years were the most common age group undergoing surgery(n=991;81%).A quarter of the procedures were performed on l.cal.Tanzanian chil.ren seeking care in the camp(n=301;25%).The most common procedures performed were cesarean sections(n=858;70%),herniorrhaphies(n=197;16%),and expl.ratory l.parotomies(n=55;5%).Refugees were more l.kel. to undergo expl.ratory l.parotomy(n=47;5%)than Tanzanian chil.ren(n=7;2%;p=0.032).The most common indications for expl.ratory l.parotomy were acute abdomen(n=24;44%),intestinal.obstruction(n=10;18%),and peritonitis(n=9;16%).Concl.sions There is a significant vol.me of basic pediatric general.surgery performed in the Nyarugusu *** are used by both refugees and l.cal.*** hope this research wil. inspire further advocacy and research on pediatric surgical.services in humanitarian settings worl.wide and il.uminate the need for incl.ding pediatric refugee surgery within the growing gl.bal.surgery movement.

关键词： surgery pediatric seeking