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Application of solvent pH under pressurized conditions using accelerated solvent extraction and green solvents to extract phytonutrients from wild berries

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 463-473页

作者： Amanda Rajakaruna Charles F.Manful Ibrahim M.Abu-Reidah amber l.critch Natalia P.Vidal Thu H.Pham Mumtaz Cheema Raymond Thomas School of Science and the Environment Grenfell CampusMemorial University of NewfoundlandCorner BrookA2H 5G4Canada The Functional Foods Sensory laboratory Grenfell CampusMemorial University of NewfoundlandCorner BrookA2H 5G4Canada

Berry fruits are known as“superfoods”due to health benefits associated with the high content of bioactive compounds or *** extraction solvents are fundamentally volatile compounds acquired from non-renewable resources,i.e petroleum-based solvents are presumed to be harmful to both human health and the *** to the new emphasis on environmental and safety protections and the development of green chemistry,finding alternative solvents to replace the organic ones has recently become a major ***,there is a great interest in the scientific community to develop a suitable green approach to allow the extraction and recovery of the bioactive phytonutrients from berry sources for applications in improving human health and *** this study,the phytonutrient composition of three popular wild berries:blueberry(Vaccinium angustifolium),partridgeberry(Vaccinium vitis-idaea l.)and Rosehipberry(Rosa canina),were evaluated following extraction using biphasic green solvents at pH 2.5,7.0,and 11.5 under pressurized conditions using Accelerated Solvent Extraction(ASE)*** total phenolic content and composition,antioxidant activity,vitamin and mineral content of the berry extracts were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu assay,Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay(FRAP),Ultra-High-pressure liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(UHPlC-MS)and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),*** highest total antioxidant activity(p≤0.05)and phenolic content were observed in rosehip berry followed by blueberry and partridgeberry in the hydroethanolic extracts at pH ***,the highest extraction efficiency of total fat-soluble vitamins(FSV)and total B vitamins were also observed in the hydroethanolic extract at pH *** in rosehipberry and partridgeberry the highest vitamin C content was observed in hydroethanolic extract at pH 11.5,whereas in blueberry it was observed in the pH 2.5 hydroethanolic extract.I

关键词： Wild berries Accelerated solvent extraction(ASE) Hydroethanolic extracts Alkaline pH Phytonutrients

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Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William Carter lance l. Goetz amber Brochetti James M. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In lASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive Behavior Health Care

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Creation and judicious application of a wheat resistance gene atlas

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Molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1053-1070页

作者： amber N.Hafeez Sanu Arora Sreya Ghosh David Gilbert Robert l.Bowden Brande B.H.Wulff John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK USDA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA

Disease-resistance(R)gene cloning in wheat(Triticum aestivum)has been accelerated by the recent surge of genomic resources,facilitated by advances in sequencing technologies and ***,with the challenges of population growth and climate change,it is vital not only to clone and functionally characterize a few handfuls of R genes,but also to do so at a scale that would facilitate the breeding and deployment of crops that can recognize the wide range of pathogen effectors that threaten *** populations are continually changing,and breeders must have tools and resources available to rapidly respond to those changes if we are to safeguard our daily *** meet this challenge,we propose the creation of a wheat R-gene atlas by an international community of researchers and *** atlas would consist of an online directory from which sources of resistance could be identified and deployed to achieve more durable resistance to the major wheat pathogens,such as wheat rusts,blotch diseases,powdery mildew,and wheat *** present a costed proposal detailing how the inter-acting molecular components governing disease resistance could be captured from both the host and the pathogen through biparental mapping,mutational genomics,and whole-genome association *** explore options for the configuration and genotyping of diversity panels of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat,as well as their wild relatives and major pathogens,and discuss how the atlas could inform a dynamic,durable approach to R-gene *** against the current magnitude of wheat yield losses worldwide,recently estimated at 21%,this endeavor presents one route for bringing R genes from the lab to the field at a considerable speed and quantity.

关键词： wheat Triticum aestivum disease resistance R genes association genetics gene stewardship durable resistance

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Temporal changes in inflammatory mitochondria-enriched microRNAs following traumatic brain injury and effects of miR-146a nanoparticle delivery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 514-522页

作者： Wang-Xia Wang Paresh Prajapati Hemendra J.Vekaria Malinda Spry amber l.Cloud Patrick G.Sullivan Joe E.Springer Sanders Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Pathology&laboratory Medicine University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Neuroscience University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and contribute to all aspects of cellular *** previously reported that the activities of several mitochondria-enriched miRNAs regulating inflammation(i.e.,miR-142-3p,miR-142-5p,and miR-146a)are altered in the hippocampus at 3–12 hours following a severe traumatic brain *** the present study,we investigated the temporal expression profile of these inflammatory miRNAs in mitochondria and cytosol fractions at more chronic post-injury times following severe controlled cortical impact injury in *** addition,several inflammatory genes were analyzed in the cytosol *** analysis showed that while elevated levels were observed in cytoplasm,the mitochondria-enriched miRNAs,miR-142-3p and miR-142-5p continued to be significantly reduced in mitochondria from injured hippocampi for at least 3 days and returned to near normal levels at 7 days *** not statistically significant,miR-146a also remained at reduced levels for up to 3 days following controlled cortical impact injury,and recovered by 7 *** contrast,miRNAs that are not enriched in mitochondria,including miR-124a,miR-150,miR-19b,miR-155,and miR-223 were either increased or demonstrated no change in their levels in mitochondrial fractions for 7 *** one exception was that miR-223 levels were reduced in mitochondria at 1 day following *** major alterations were observed in sham operated *** temporal pattern was unique to mitochondria-enriched miRNAs and correlated with injury-induced changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as expression levels of several inflammatory *** observations suggested a potential compartmental re-distribution of the mitochondria-enriched inflammatory miRNAs and may reflect an intracellular mechanism by which specific miRNAs regulate injury-induced inflammatory *** test this,we utilized a novel peptide-based

关键词： cell permeable peptide-delivery controlled cortical impact inflammatory pathway mitochondria-associated microRNA nanoparticle nuclear factor-kappa B traumatic brain injury

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Comment on“In vivo flow cytometry reveals a circadian rhythm of circulating tumor cells”

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light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1998-1999页

作者： amber l.Williams Jessica E.Fitzgerald Fernando Ivich Eduardo DSontag Mark Niedre Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA laboratory of Systems Pharmacology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy *** involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from *** biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.

关键词： biopsy metastasis furthermore

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PBS3 and EPS1 Complete Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis from Isochorismate in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2019年第12期12卷 1577-1586页

作者： Michael P.Torrens-Spence Anastassia Bobokalonova Valentina Carballo Christopher MGlinkerman Toma(s)Pluskal amber Shen Jing-Ke Weng Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research 455 Main StreetCambridgeMA 02142USA Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Salicylic acid(SA)is an important phytohormone mediating both local and systemic defense responses in *** over half a century of research,how plants biosynthesize SA remains *** Arabidop-sis,a major part of SA is derived from isochorismate,a key intermediate produced by the isochorismate syn-thase,which is reminiscent of SA biosynthesis in *** bacteria employ an isochorismate pyru-vate lyase(IPl)that catalyzes the turnover of isochorismate to pyruvate and SA,plants do not contain an IPl ortholog and generate SA from isochorismate through an unknown *** genetic and biochemical approaches,we delineated the SA biosynthetic pathway downstream of isochorismate in *** found that PBS3,a GH3 acyl adenylase-family enzyme important for SA accumulation,catalyzes ATP-and Mg2+-dependent conjugation of l-glutamate primarily to the 8-carboxyl of isochorismate and yields the key SA biosynthetic intermediate,isochorismoyl-glutamate ***,we discovered that EPS1,a BAHD acyltransferase-family protein with a previously implicated role in SA accumulation upon pathogen attack,harbors a noncanonical active site and an unprecedented isochorismoyl-glutamate A pyruvoyl-glutamate lyase activity that produces SA from the isochorismoyl-glutamate A ***,PBS3 and EPS1 form a two-step metabolic pathway to produce SA from isochorismate in Arabidopsis,which is distinct from how SA is biosynthesized in *** study closes a major knowledge gap in plant SA meta-bolism and would help develop new strategies for engineering disease resistance in crop plants.

关键词： salicylic acid PBS1 EPS1 isochorismic acid plant defense plant hormone

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C-reactive protein and telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT)associate with chronic disease markers in a sample from low-income neighborhoods in Detroit,Michigan

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 275-279页

作者： David P.Ferguson Eric C.leszczynski Teresa H.Horton Karin A.Pfeiffer Joseph Gardiner amber l.Pearson Department of Kinesiology Michigan State UniversityUnited States Department of Anthropology Northwestern UniversityUnited States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Michigan State UniversityUnited States Department of Geography Environment and Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityUnited States

Racial and ethnic minorities in economically deprived inner cities experience high rates of chronic diseases compared to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status(SES).However,these economically deprived populations are understudied in terms of biomarkers associated with chronic disease risk which include C-reactive protein(CRP),telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT),and glycosylated hemoglobin(A1C).We examined relationships between CRP and TERT and chronic disease indicators(body mass index[BMI]and A1C)in two lowincome,predominantly African American(AA)neighborhoods in Detroit,***-nine adults(43 females,26 males,mean age 46 years[y],standard deviation[SD]=15.9)completed a health survey,anthropometry,and finger stick blood tests.A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips,and CRP and TERT levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ElISA)with samples extracted from dried blood *** examined CRP(mean=4.9,SD=3.1),TERT(mean=32.5,SD=15.1),and A1C(mean=5.4,SD=1.0)by BMI *** fitted restricted maximum likelihood regression models to evaluate associations between CRP,TERT,BMI,and A1C,after adjustment for demographics and inclusion of a random effect for the *** this predominantly AA sample(91%,63/69),68%had levels of CRP(means=4.8 mg/l,SD=3.0 for AAs;6.4 mg/l,SD=3.9 for all others)indicative of chronic inflammation(CRP greater than 3 mg/l).BMI was significantly associated with CRP(p=0.004)and TERT(p=0.026).TERT levels indicate that being overweight is associated with markers of chromosome remodeling,suggestive of chronic *** followed a similar trend with overweight individuals having higher inflammation and risk of chronic *** findings warrant further exploration of additional factors that may influence CRP and ***,examining populations in a more ethnically and/or economically diverse,yet still high proportion minority,sample will fill a knowledge gap in this understudied field.

关键词： Ethnic minority Inequality Chronic disease Urban Biomarkers

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Personalising pancreas cancer treatment:When tissue is the issue

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7849-7863页

作者： Katrin M Sjoquist Venessa T Chin lorraine A Chantrill Chelsie O'Connor Chris Hemmings David K Chang Angela Chou Marina Pajic amber l Johns Adnan M Nagrial Andrew V Biankin Desmond Yip NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre University of SydneySydney NSW 1450Australia Cancer Care Centre St George HospitalKogarah NSW 2217Australia The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and the Cancer Research ProgramGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydney NSW 2010Australia Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre Campbelltown HospitalCampbelltown NSW 2560Australia St Vincents Hospital Clinical School Sydney UNSW 2010Australia Cancer Therapy Centre Liverpool HospitalLiverpool NSW 2170Australia St John of God Pathology Subiaco WA 6904Australia Department of Surgery Bankstown HospitalEldridge RoadBankstownSydney NSW 2200Australia Faculty of Medicine South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolUniversity of NSWLiverpool NSW 2170Australia Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G61 1BDUnited Kingdom Department of Anatomical Pathology St.Vincent’s HospitalDarlinghurstSydney NSW 2010Australia West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgow G4 0SFUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Oncology The Canberra HospitalGarran ACT 2605Australia ANU Medical School Australian National UniversityActon ACT 2601Australia

The treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer has not moved much beyond single agent gemcitabine until recently when protocols such as FOlFIRINOX(fluorouracil,leucovorin,irinotecan and oxaliplatin)and nab-paclitaxelgemcitabine have demonstrated some improved *** in technology especially in massively parallel genome sequencing has progressed our understanding of the biology of pancreatic cancer especially the candidate signalling pathways that are involved in tumourogenesis and disease *** has allowed identification of potentially actionable mutations that may be targeted by new biological *** heterogeneity of pancreatic cancer makes tumour tissue collection important with the aim of being able to personalise therapies for the individual as opposed to a one size fits all approach to treatment of the *** paper reviews the developments in this area of translational research and the ongoing clinical studies that will attempt to move this into the everyday oncology practice.

关键词： Pancreatic neoplasms Molecular targeted therapy Genomics Tissue banks Chemotherapy

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Temporal Memory Dysfunction and Alterations in Tyrosine Hydroxylase Immunoreactivity in Adult Rats Following Neonatal Exposure to Domoic Acid

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2013年第1期4卷 29-35页

作者： Mark A. Robbins Catherine l. Ryan amber l. Marriott Tracy Ann Doucette Departments of Biology University of Prince Edward Charlottetown Canada Departments of Psychology University of Prince Edward Charlottetown Canada

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether early alterations in glutamate signaling, via daily injections of the glutamate agonist, domoic acid (DOM;20 μg/kg), during a critical period of CNS development (PND 8 - 14), would result in temporal memory deficits and/or alterations in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity. As adults, subjects were assessed for temporal memory ability using a recency discrimination paradigm. Both number and duration of exploratory contacts directed at familiar objects, differing by one hour in recall delay, were measured. Analyses revealed that DOM-treated females demonstrated temporal memory dysfunction, as evidenced in a significantly lower proportion of total exploratory behaviour directed toward the remote object. Integrity of the dopamine system was assessed using immunohistochemistry to examine TH immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Sections obtained from DOM-treated males had significantly less TH immunoreactivity in the right mPFC, while DOM-treated females had significantly greater TH immunoreactivity in the left core and right shell of the NAcc. These findings are discussed in context of early alterations to glutamate signaling in the development of human neuropsychiatric disorders.

关键词： Domoic Acid Glutamate Schizophrenia Animal Models Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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Taking care of volunteers in a stroke trial: a new assisted-management strategy

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2016年第3期1卷 108-114页

作者： amber C Stuart Jason J Sico Catherine M Viscoli Ashis H Tayal Silvio E Inzucchi Gary A Ford Karen l Furie Robert Cote J David Spence David Tanne Walter N Kernan on behalf of the IRIS Trial Investigators Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Service Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Neuroscience Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University PhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Medical Sciences Oxford UniversityOxfordUK The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University ProvidenceRhode IslandUSA Department of Neurology Neurosurgery and MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada University of Western Ontario LondonOntarioCanada 10Sheba Medical CenterTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael 不详

Background and purpose:Providing participants with evidence-based care for secondary prevention is an ethical and scientific priority for trials in stroke *** optimal strategy,however,is *** report the performance of a new approach for delivering preventive care to trial ***:Participants were enrolled in the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke trial,which examined the insulin sensitiser,pioglitazone versus placebo for prevention of stroke and myocardial infarction after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic *** care was the responsibility of the participants’personal healthcare providers,but investigators monitored care and provided feedback *** studied achievement of 8 prevention goals at baseline and 3 annual visits,with a focus on 3 priority goals:blood pressurelowdensity lipoprotein(lDl)cholesteroll/l and antithrombotic ***:The proportion of participants achieving the priority goals was highest for antithrombotic use(96–99%in each year)and similar for blood pressure(66–72%in each year)and lDl(68–70%in each year).All 3 priority goals were achieved by 47–52%of participants in any given ***,only 22%of participants achieved all 3 goals in each ***:A strategy of monitoring care and providing feedback was associated with high average yearly achievement of 3 priority secondary prevention goals,but the majority of trial participants did not persist in being at goal over *** registration number:NCT00091949.

关键词： prevention annually goals

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