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Visual and ocular effects from the use of flat-panel displays

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第6期9卷 881-885页

作者： Esteban Porcar alvaro M.Pons Amalia Lorente Department of Optics Optometry and Vision Science UnitPhysics CollegeUniversity of ValenciaBux~assotValencia 46100Spain Department of OpticsⅡ Optometry CollegeComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain

AIM： To evaluate the prevalence of eye symptoms in a non-presbyopic population of video display unit （VDU） users with flat-panel displays. METHODS： One hundred and sixteen VDU users with flat-panel display from an urban population participated in the study; their ages ranging from 20 to 34y. There were 60 females and 56 males. An eye examination to rule out the presence of significant uncorrected refractive errors, general binocular dysfunctions and eye conditions was carried out. In order to determine and quantify the type and nature of eye symptoms, participants were asked to answer written questionnaire and the results were grouped by gender, age and number of hours a day spent using a VDU. RESULTS： Seventy-two percent of participants reported eye symptoms related to VDU use. Eye symptoms from moderate-to-severe were found in 23% of participants. The main symptom was moderate-to- severe tired eyes （14%）; followed by sensitivity to bright lights （12%）, blurred vision at far distances （10%）, eyestrain or dry eye or irritated or burning eyes （9%）, difficulty in refocusing from one distance to another or headache （8%） and blurred vision at near or intermediate distances （〈4%）. Eye symptoms were greater among females （P=0.005） and increased with VDU use, markedly above 6h spent using a VDU in a typical day （P=0.01）. CONCLUSION： Significant eye symptoms relate to VDU use often occur and should not be underestimated. The increasing use of electronic devices with flat-panel display should prompt users to take appropriate measures to prevent or to relieve the eye symptoms arising from their use.

关键词： asthenopia eye symptoms computerterminals computer vision syndrome

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Supramolecular gating of guest release from cucurbit[7]uril using de novo design

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 172-179页

作者： Hugues Lambert alvaro Castillo Bonillo Qiang Zhu Yong-Wei Zhang Tung-Chun Lee Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR1 Fusionopolis WayConnexis Tower138632SingaporeSingapore Department of Chemistry Christopher Ingold BuildingUniversity College London(UCL)20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK Institute for Materials Discovery University College London(UCL)LondonUK Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis Tower138634SingaporeSingapore

Herein we computationally explore the modulation of the release kinetics of an encapsulated guest molecule from the cucurbit[7]uril(CB7)cavity by ligands binding to the host *** uncovered a correlation between the ligand-binding affinity with CB7 and the guest residence time,allowing us to rapidly predict the release kinetics through straightforward energy minimization *** high-throughput predictions in turn enable a Monte-Carlo Tree Search(MCTS)to de novo design a series of cap-shaped ligand molecules with large binding affinities and boosting guest residence times by up to 7 orders of ***,halogenated aromatic compounds emerge as top-ranking *** modeling suggests the presence of halogen-bonding between the ligands and the CB7 ***,the binding of top-ranked ligands is supported by^(1)H NMR and 2D *** findings open up possibilities in gating of molecular transport through a nanoscale cavity with potential applications in nanopore technology and controlled drug release.

关键词： release kinetics straight

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Conic hyperspectral dispersion mapping applied to semiconductor plasmonics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2012年第1期1卷 48-55页

作者： Dominic Lepage alvaro Jimenez Jacques Beauvais Jan J Dubowski Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Interdisciplinary Institute for Technological Innovation(3IT)Universite´de SherbrookeSherbrookeQue´.Canada

The surface plasmon resonance tracking over metal surfaces is a well-established,commercially available,biochemical quantification tool primarily applied in *** utilization of such a tool is,however,constrained to highly specialized industries,capable of justifying the human and instrumental resource investments required by the characterization *** have proposed to expand the field of application of this biosensing approach by redesigning this method through the integration and miniaturization within a semiconductor *** and broadband emission from a light-emitting semiconductor is employed to couple a continuum of surface plasmon modes over a metal–dielectric architecture interfaced with a GaAs–AlGaAs substrate.A tensor version of rigorous coupled wave theory is employed to optimize the various fabrication specifications and to predict the light scatterings over a wide range of *** then present a hyperspectral characterization microscope capable of directly mapping the dispersion relation of scattered light,including diffracted surface plasmons,as an intensity distribution versus photon energy and surface *** carried out in a buffered solution demonstrate the accurate description of the uncollimated and broadband surface plasmon ***,we introduce a simplified method of dispersion mapping,in which quasi-conic cross-sections of the light’s scattering can be acquired directly,thus monitoring surficial responses in as fast as 1.2 *** is over 300 times faster than required by implementing full dispersion *** compromising on the volume of collected information,this method,combined with the solid-state integration of the platform,shows great promise for the fast detection of biochemical agents.

关键词： biosensors light scattering optical devices semiconductors surface plasmon resonance

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Utilization of access to colorectal cancer screening modalities in low-income populations after medicaid expansion

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第9期15卷 1653-1661页

作者： Gerald Fletcher Joan Culpepper-Morgan alvaro Genao Eric Alatevi Department of Gastroenterology NYC Health+Hospitals/HarlemNew YorkNY 10037United States Department of Gastroenterology NYC Health+Hospitals/Harlem506 Lenox AveNew YorkNY 10037United States

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains a relevant public health *** research suggests that racial,economic and geographic disparities impact *** the expansion of Medicaid eligibility as a key component of the Affordable Care Act(ACA),there is a dearth of information on the utilization of newly gained access to CRC screening by low-income *** study investigates the impact of the ACA’s Medicaid expansion on utilization of the various CRC screening modalities by low-income *** working hypothesis is that Medicaid expansion will increase access and utilization of CRC screening by low-income *** To investigate the impact of the Affordable Care Act and in particular the effect of Medicaid expansion on access and utilization of CRC screening modalities by Medicaid state expansion status across the United *** This was a quasi-experimental study design using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System,a large health system survey for participants across the United States and with over 2.8 million *** period of the study was from 2011 to 2016 which was dichotomized as pre-ACA Medicaid expansion(2011-2013)and post-ACA Medicaid expansion(2014-2016).The change in utilization of access to CRC screening strategies between the expansion periods were analyzed as the dependent *** analyses included stratification of the access by ethnicity/race,income,and education *** A greater increase in utilization of access to CRC screening was observed in Medicaid expansion states than in nonexpansion states[+2.9%;95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.12,3.69].Low-income participants showed a+4.02%(95%CI:2.96,5.07)change between the expansion periods compared with higher income groups+3.19%(1.70,4.67).Non-Hispanic Whites and Hispanics[+3.01%(95%CI:2.16,3.85)vs+5.51%(95%CI:2.81,8.20)]showed a statistically significant increase in utilization of access but not in Non-Hispanic Blac

关键词： Medicaid expansion Colorectal cancer screening Low-income Disparities Minorities Affordable care act

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Applicability ＆ Readiness of Equity Crowdfunding to the Art Market in China

Applicability ＆ Readiness of Equity Crowdfunding to the Art...

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作者： alvaro Flores Obieta 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

While Crowdfunding is a phenomenon that has been showing exponential growth in the recent years,Equity Crowdfunding is still in maturity,and its application to different industries has yet to be *** its traditional form,small investors face a long series of risks,such as illiquidity risk and information ***,the art market as investment faces many challenges and is still considered high risk,illiquid,still opaque,unregulated and disruptive features with high transaction costs and a high degree of *** a framework developed by the World Bank,this paper assesses the applicability and potential role of equity crowdfunding in the art market in China,arguing that Equity Crowdfunding in tangible assets through syndication is the best way to mitigate most of the risks related to this funding model.

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Transpiration and growth responses by Eucalyptus species to progressive soil drying

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1529-1543页

作者： Marcel Carvalho Abreu alvaro Augusto Vieira Soares Cleverson Henrique de Freitas Fabrina Bolzan Martins Department of Environment Science Forest InstituteFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of UberlândiaMonte CarmeloMinas Gerais 38405-302Brazil “Luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture University of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900Brazil Natural Resources Institute Federal University of ItajubáItajubáMinas Gerais 37500-903Brazil

The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.

关键词： Soil water deficit Fraction of transpirable soil water Transpiration Seedling growth Vapor pressure deficit

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Docking MOF crystals on graphene support for highly selective electrocatalytic peroxide production

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 145-152页

作者： Xiaofeng Huang Peter Oleynikov Hailong He alvaro Mayoral Linqin Mu Feng Lin Yue-Biao Zhang School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Department of Chemistry Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Tailoring the reaction kinetics is the central theme of designer electrocatalysts,which enables the selective conversion of abundant and inert atmospheric species into useful *** we show a supporting effect in tuning the electrocatalytic kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)from four-electron to two-electron mechanism by docking metalloporphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)crystals on graphene support,leading to highly selective peroxide production with faradaic efficiency as high as 93.4%.A magic angle of 38.1°tilting for the co-facial alignment was uncovered by electron diffraction tomography,which is attributed to the maximization of n-n interaction for mitigating the lattice and symmetry mismatch between MOF and *** facilitated electron migration and oxygen chemisorption could be ascribed to the supportive effect of graphene that disperses of the electron state of the active center,and ultimately regulates rate-determining step.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites support effect oxygen reduction reaction peroxide selectivity

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Physical activation of graphene: An effective, simple and clean procedure for obtaining microporous graphene for high-performance Li/S batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 759-766页

作者： Almudena Benitez alvaro Caballero Julian Morales Jusef Hassoun Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon Jesus Canales-Vazquez Dpto. Quimica Inorganica e Ingenieria Qutmica Instituto de Quimica Fina y Nanoquimica Universidad de Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Departm ent of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 17 44121 Ferrara Italy Dpto. de Quimica Inorganica Cristalografia y Mineralogia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Malaga 29071 Malaga Spain Instituto de Energias Renovables Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Paseo de La Investigacion 1 Albacete 02071 Spain

Graphe ne nano sheets are a promising scaffold to accommodate S for achievi ng high performa nee Li/S battery. Nano sheet activation is used as a viable strategy to induce a micropore system and further improve the battery performance. Accordingly, chemical activation methods dominate despite the need of multiple stages, which slow down the process in addition to making them tiresome. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) N-doped graphene specimen was physically activated with CO2, a clean and single step process, and used for the preparation of a sulfur composite (A-3DNG/S). The A-3DNG/S composite exhibited outstanding electrochemical properties such as an excellent rate capability (1,000 mAh·g^-1 at 2C), high reversible capacity and cycling stability (average capacity ~ 800 mAh·g^-1 at 1C after 200 cycles), values which exceed those measured in chemically activated graphene. Therefore, these results support the use of physical activation as a simple and efficient alternative to improve the performance of carbons as an S host for high-performance Li-S batteries.

关键词： physical activation 3D-graphene solvothermal microwave synthesis Li-S battery

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Validation of ERA5-Land temperature and relative humidity on four Peruvian glaciers using on-glacier observations

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第7期19卷 1849-1873页

作者： BONSHOMS Martí UBEDA Jose LIGUORI Giovanni KORNER Philipp NAVARRO alvaro CRUZ Rolando Departamento de Geografía Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Guías de Espeleología y Montana Torremocha del Jarama 28189Spain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of BolognaBologna 40127Italy School of Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash UniversityMelbourne 3800Australia Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology Technische Universitat DresdenDresden 01737Germany ESRI-Espana Madrid 28037Spain Area de Evaluación de Glaciares y Lagunas.Autoridad Nacional del Agua Huaraz 02002Peru

Weather and climate conditions drive the evolution of tropical glaciers which play an important role as water reservoirs for Peruvian inhabitants in the arid coast and semi-arid Andean *** scarcity of long-term high-quality observations over Peruvian glaciers has motivated the extensive use of reanalysis data to describe the climatic evolution of these ***,the representativeness and uncertainties of these reanalysis products over these glaciers are still poorly *** study evaluates the ability of the ERA-Land reanalysis(ERAL)to reproduce hourly and monthly 2 m air temperature and relative humidity(T2m and Rh2m,respectively)over several Peruvian *** compared the ERAL with data from four on-glacier automatic weather stations(AWS),whose hourly time series were completed with nearby stations,for the period January 2017 to December *** indicates a better performance of the reanalysis for T2m(r>0.80)than for Rh2m(~0.4

关键词： ERA5 Land Tropical glaciers Temperature Relative humidity Peru Validation

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Rational design of hydrogels for immunomodulation

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 979-1000页

作者： Wenhuan Bu Yuanhao Wu Amir M.Ghaemmaghami Hongchen Sun alvaro Mata Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityNo.117Nanjing North StreetHeping DistrictShenyang 110001China Department of Dental Materials School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityNo.117Nanjing North StreetHeping DistrictShenyang 110001China Department of Center Laboratory School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityNo.117Nanjing North StreetHeping DistrictShenyang 110001China School of Pharmacy University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Biodiscovery Institute University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Division of Immunology School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation 1018 Westwood BlvdLos AngelesCA 90024USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK

The immune system protects organisms against endogenous and exogenous harm and plays a key role in tissue development,repair and *** immunomodulatory biologics exhibit limitations including degradation by enzymes,short half-life and lack of targeting *** or binding these biologics within biomaterials is an effective way to address these *** are promising immunomodulatory materials because of their prominent biocompatibility,tuneability and ***,to take advantage of these opportunities and optimize material performance,it is important to more specifically elucidate,and leverage on,how hydrogels affect and control the immune ***,we summarize how key physical and chemical properties of hydrogels affect the immune *** first provide an overview of underlying steps of the host immune response upon exposure to ***,we discuss recent advances in immunomodulatory strategies where hydrogels play a key role through(i)physical properties including dimensionality,stiffness,porosity and topography;(ii)chemical properties including wettability,electric property and molecular presentation;and(iii)the delivery of bioactive molecules via chemical or physical ***,this review aims to build a conceptual and practical toolkit for the design of immune-instructive hydrogels capable of modulating the host immune response.

关键词： hydrogels immunomodulation physical properties chemical properties

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