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Effect of <i>Carica papaya</i>Leaf Extract on Serum Lipids and Liver Metabolic Parameters of Rats Fed a High Cholesterol diet

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Health 2015年第9期7卷 1196-1205页

作者： alma M. Zetina-Esquivel Carlos A. Tovilla-Zárate Crystell Guzmán-Garcia Arturo Rodríguez-Hernández Andrés E. Castell-Rodríguez Jorge L. Ble-Castillo Angela Avila-Fernandez Isela E. Juárez-Rojop Juan C. díaz-Zagoya Centro de Investigación División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Villahermosa México división Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco Comalcalco México Unidad de Medicina Familiar 10 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Xalapa México división de Investigación Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México D. F. México

Hyperlipidemia plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, the main cause of death in the world. In this study, the lipid-lowering effect of Carica papaya leaf in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet was evaluated. daily doses of C. papaya extract 0, 31, 62 or 125 mg/kg body weight were orally administered in 300 μl polyethylene glycol to hypercholesterolemic rats;it was also administered 62 mg/kg body weight of the extract to rats with normal diet. After a 20-day treatment, the animals were sacrificed;blood and liver were analyzed. Hypercholesterolemic rats showed an increased serum and liver cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and atherogenic index. The C. papaya extract produced a significant decrease of serum and liver cholesterol concentrations in hypercholesterolemic rats, but did not modify serum or liver triacylglycerols;however, the extract reduced the atherogenic index in a dose-dependent manner. C. papaya treatment decreased LdL-C and increased HdL-C in serum significantly. When the oxygen consumption was evaluated in phosphorylating and resting states, the respiratory control in hypercholesterolemic rats mitochondria was lower than in normal diet rats. However, a higher respiratory control in hypercholesterolemic rats mitochondria was observed after C papaya treatment. The liver morphological data are in accordance with serum and liver biochemical values. Our data support that C. papaya has a significant hypocholesterolemic action and HdL-C raising effect on rats fed with a cholesterol-rich diet, however, the precise metabolites responsible of this effect remain unknown.

关键词： Serum Lipids Carica papaya Cholesterol Mitochondria

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Increased serotonin concentration and tryptophan hydroxylase activity in reproductive organs of copulator males:a case of adaptive plasticity

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第2期2卷 75-84页

作者： Ana Ingrid Pichardo Jose L.Tlachi-Lopez Francisco Jimenez-Trejo alma L.Fuentes-Farias Armida Baez-Saldana Maria L.Molina-Ceron Gabriel Manjarrez-Gutierrez Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Rosa Angelica Lucio departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria 04510MexicoD.F.Mexico Centro Tlaxcala de Biologia de la Conducta Universidad Autonoma de TlaxcalaCarretera Tlaxcala-Puebla km 1.5 s/nLoma Xicotencatl90062TlaxcalaMexico departamento de Farmacologia Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria 04510MexicoD.F.Mexico Laboratorio de Invertebrados y Ecofisiologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad Universitaria 58030MichoacanMexico Unidad de Investigacion Biomolecular Hospital de CardiologiaCentro Medico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social 06720MexicoD.F.Mexico

Individual male rats may systematically display or not copulatory behavior when paired with receptive females. Although these phenotypes are associated with differences in brain organization and function, they might also do so at the level of the reproductive organs. We then used high performance liquid chromatography to quantify serotonin concentration and the activity of tryptophan hydroxylase in the reproductive organs of copulator and non-copulator males. Sexual behavior display was compared between groups and parameters of fertility and reproductive fitness were determined for copulator males. Copulator males had higher concentrations of serotonin in the epididymis, testicle and ventral prostate than their non-copulator counterparts, as it was found for epididymal and testicular tryptophan hydroxylase activity. However, preliminary data shows that serotonin elevation occurs in copulator males only until they have accumulated several sexual encounters, so it might be a response to genital gratification or sexual rewarding. Interestingly, only epididymal serotonin concentration correlated with reproductive fitness, offspring number, mating success and seminal plug volume in copulator males. Our results support that copulator and non-copulator male rats feature a phenotype-specific serotoninergic tone in the epididymis, testicle and ventral prostate gland. The observation documenting that epididymal serotonin concentration correlated with parameters that monitor male fertility and reproductive fitness in copulator males predicts that epididymal factors increase their chances of parenting offspring.

关键词： Sexual Accessory Glands Copulation Indolamines Seminal Fluid Seminal Plug Successful Mating Reproductive Fitness

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Major clades in tropical Agaricus

Major clades in tropical Agaricus

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中国菌物学会第五届会员代表大会暨2011年学术年会

作者： Samantha KARUNARATHNA Olivier.RASP Luis A.parra Jacque GUINBERTEAU Magalie MOINARd Andre de KESEL Grard.BARROSO Rgis COURTECUISSE Kevin d.HYdE Atsu K.GUELLY dennis E.dESJARdIN Philippe CALLAC School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Botany and Microbiology department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11442Saudi Arabia

＜正＞Agaricus（Basidiomycota） is a genus of saprobic fungi that includes edible cultivated species such as Agaricus bisporus,the button *** has been considerable ecological,nutritional and medicinal interest in the genus,yet its biodiversity remains poorly known,particularly in subtropical and tropical areas. Classification of the tropical taxa has for a large part followed the classification of temperate *** objective of our study was to examine to what extent this system of classification is appropriate for tropical Agaricus *** from temperate sections were therefore compared to the major clades of tropical taxa using a phylogenetic *** 1+2 sequence data from 128 taxa were used in the phylogenetic analysis. Specimens included four species of genera closely related to Agaricus,37 temperate species representing the eight classical sections of the genus,and 87 putative species of Agaricus from tropical areas of Africa,Asia and *** and maximum likelihood analyses produced relatively congruent trees and almost identical *** data showed that（i） only about one-third of tropical taxa belong to the classical sections;the systematics of the genus therefore needs to be reconsidered;（ii） basal clades and branches contain only African and Asian tropical taxa suggesting that the genus originated from these areas;（iii） among the remaining two-thirds of tropical taxa,those from America and those from Africa and/or Asia grouped in distinct clades,suggesting that secondary diversification occurred in these two areas and that direct migration between these areas has never or rarely occurred;（iv） in contrast,several clades of classical sections contain American and African+Asian species along with temperate *** two conclusions added to the fact that the distribution range of some temperate species extends to both Europe and North America,suggest that the genus would have migrated from tropical Africa +Asia to tropical

关键词： Agaricus tropical biodiversity biogeography ITS phylogeny

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Marine turtle hatchlings use multiple sensory cues to orient their crawling towards the sea:biological and conservation policy implications

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第2期2卷 47-51页

作者： alma Lilia Fuentes-Farias Gabriel Gutierrez-Ospina Esperanza Melendez Herrera Veronica Camarena-Ramirez Gerardo Ochoa-Tovar Julieta Mendoza-Torreblanca Armida Baez-Saldana Raquel Martinez-Mendez Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi Maria Luisa Garcia Zepeda Laboratorio de Ecofisiologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacanMexico58230 Laboratorio de Biologia de Sistemas Instituto de Investigaciones BiomedicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico D.F.04510 Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo Instituto de GeofisicaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad UniversitariaMexico D.F.04510 Laboratorio de Paleontologia Facultad de BiologiaUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMorelia MichoacanMexico58230 Laboratorio de Neuromorfometría Instituto Nacional de PediatríaMéxico D.F.04530

The ability of sea turtle hatchlings to find the seashore soon after hatching is thought to be exclusively dependent upon visual information. Target-oriented movements in most vertebrates, however, relay on combining information gathered through different sensory systems. Hence, in this work, we investigated whether olfactory and/or magnetic information might complement visual cues during hatchling’s seaward crawling. Acute olfactory deprivation and distorted magnetic sensation in visually competent hatchlings resulted in a scattering of seaward crawling routes among cardinal points, some of them being different from those strongly preferred by control hatchlings. In addition, blindfolded hatchlings also displayed a striking misrouting while crawling on the beach surface in spite of having intact olfactory and magnetic senses. Together these results support the notion that visual information is crucial for seaward crawling, but also that olfactory and magnetic information complement visual cues when turtle hatchlings display this behavior. Hence, the present observations suggest that multisensory cues are used by turtle hatchlings while crawling towards the sea. This work also has important implications on the design of species conservation measures and policies. In the near future, efforts must be made to identify and preserve the local natural sources of odors and magnetic cues, in addition to preventing the perturbing effects of artificial lighting on adult and hatchling turtle crawling behavior.

关键词： Olfaction Magnetoreception Vision Chelonia aggasizi Seaward orientation Reptiles Intermodal interactions Multisensory integration

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Motor Effects of 1,3-disubstituted 8-Styrylxanthines as A_(1) and A_(2) Adenosine-Receptor Antagonists in Rats

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第3期4卷 303-311页

作者： Ilhuicamina daniel Limon-Perez de Leon Maria del Carmen parra-Cid Alejandro Munoz-Zurita Saul Alejandro Merino-Contreras Sara Montiel-Smith Socorro Meza-Reyes Gerardo Ramirez-Meja Jesus Sandoval-Ramirez Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de PueblaPueblaMexico Instituto Nacional de Rehabili-tacion Unidad de Ingenieria de TejidosTerapia Celular y Medicina RegenerativaMexico DFMexico.

A series of 1,3-substituted 8-styrylxanthines (11a-d) was synthesized, under chemo- and regioselective conditions, in a good overall yield. The compounds showed affinity towards both A1 and A2A-adenosine receptors by radioligand binding by means of in vitro assays. The (E)-3-ethyl-1-propyl-8-styrylxanthine (11a) showed the greatest affinity towards the A2A receptor, whereas (E)-3-pentyl-1-propyl-8-styrylxanthine (11d) showed the greatest affinity for the A1 receptor. When the 8-styrylxanthines 11a (A15Et) and 11c (A15Bu) were administrated in rats, which were previously injured with 6-hydroxydopamine at the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), the turning behavior decreased 50%. Based on these results we propose to A15Et as a potential compound to treat some symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Xantines Adenosine Receptors Antagonists Turning Behavior Anti-Parkinsonian drugs

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Backward automatic calibration for three-dimensional landslide models

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 231-241页

作者： Giacomo Titti Giulia Bossi Gordon G.d.Zhou Gianluca Marcato Alessandro Pasuto dICAM-UNIBO Department of CivilChemicalEnvironmental and Materials EngineeringAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaViale Risorgimento 2Bologna40136Italy IRPI-CNR Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionNational Research CouncilC.so Stati Uniti4Padova35127Italy IMHE-CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process/Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesBlock 4Renminnanlu RoadChengdu610041China

Back-analysis is broadly used for approaching geotechnical problems when monitoring data are available and information about the soils properties is of poor *** landslide stability assessment back-analysis calibration is usually carried out by time consuming trial-and-error *** paper presents a new automatic decision Support System that supports the selection of the soil parameters for three-dimensional models of landslides based on monitoring *** method considering a pool of possible solutions,generated through permutation of soil parameters,selects the best ten configurations that are more congruent with the measured *** reduces the operator biases while on the other hand allows the operator to control each step of the *** final selection of the preferred solution among the ten best-fitting solutions is carried out by an *** operator control is necessary as he may include in the final decision process all the qualitative elements that cannot be included in a qualitative analysis but nevertheless characterize a landslide dynamic as a whole epistemological subject,for example on the base of geomorphological evidence.A landslide located in Northeast Italy has been selected as example for showing the system *** proposed method is straightforward,scalable and robust and could be useful for researchers and practitioners.

关键词： Automatic landslide modelling FLAC3d~(TM) Back-analysis Optimization decision Support System

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Real-world disease activity and sociodemographic,clinical and treatment characteristics of moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease in Brazil

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第2期27卷 208-223页

作者： Cyrla Zaltman Rogério Serafim parra Ligia Yukie Sassaki Genoile Oliveira Santana Maria de Lourdes Abreu Ferrari Sender J Miszputen Heda M B S Amarante Roberto Luiz Kaiser Junior Cristina Flores Wilson R Catapani JoséMiguel Luz Parente Mauro Bafutto Odery Ramos Carolina d Gonçalves Isabella Miranda Guimaraes Jose J R da Rocha Marley R Feitosa Omar Feres Rogerio Saad-Hossne Francisco Guilherme Cancela Penna Pedro Ferrari Sales Cunha Tarcia NF Gomes Rodrigo Bremer Nones Mikaell Alexandre Gouvea Faria Mírian Perpétua Palha dias Parente António S Scotton Rosana Fusaro Caratin Juliana Senra Júlio Maria Chebli department of Internal Medicine Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-913Brazil department of Surgery and Anatomy Ribeirão Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14049-900São PauloBrazil department of Internal Medicine São Paulo State University(UNESP)Medical SchoolBotucatu 18618-687São PauloBrazil IBd Unit Federal University of BahiaSalvador 41150-000BahiaBrazil department of Clinical Medicine Medical SchoolUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil department of Gastroenterology Escola Paulista de MedicinaSão Paulo 04023-900Brazil Hospital de Clinicas Universidade Federal do ParanaCuritiba 80060-900ParanaBrazil department of Proctology Beneficencia Portuguesa Hospital/Kaiser Day HospitalSao Jose do Rio Preto 15015110São PauloBrazil department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences Hospital de ClínicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90560002Rio Grande do SulBrazil department of Gastroenterology Faculdade de Medicina do ABCSanto Andre 09060-870São PauloBrazil department of General Medicine Gastroenterology UnitUniversity HospitalFederal University of PiauiTeresina 64049-550PiauíBrazil department of Gastroenterology Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de GoiásGoiania 74535-170GoiasBrazil department of Surgery Botucatu Medical School at São Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618687São PauloBrazil department of Gastroenterology UNIFESPSão Paulo 04040-002Brazil IBd unit Gastroenterology DepartmentHospital Nossa Senhora das GraçasCuritiba 80810-040ParanaBrazil department of Proctology Kaiser Hospital DiaSao Jose do Rio Preto 15015-110São PauloBrazil Health Sciences Center Epidemiology UnitState University of PiauiTeresina 64001-280PiauíBrazil department of Gastroenterology CMIP Centro Mineiro de PesquisaJuiz de Fora 36010-570Minas GeraisBrazil Scientific Affairs Takeda Pharmaceuticals BrazilSão Paulo 04709-011Brazil Clinical Research Takeda Pharma

BACKGROUNd Understanding the treatment landscape of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBd)is essential for improving disease management and patient *** is the largest Latin American country,and it presents socioeconomic and health care differences across its geographical *** country has the highest increase in IBd incidence and prevalence in Latin America,but information about the clinical and treatment characteristics of IBd is *** To describe the sociodemographic,clinical,and treatment characteristics of IBd outpatients in Brazil overall and in the Southeast,South and Northeast/Midwest *** Multicenter,cross-sectional study with a 3-year retrospective chart review *** with moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease(Cd)or ulcerative colitis(UC)were consecutively enrolled between October 2016 and February *** Cd at enrollment was defined as a Harvey Bradshaw Index≥8 or a Cd Activity Index≥220 or a calprotectin level>200μg/g or an active result based on colonoscopy suggestive of inadequate control during the previous year;active UC was defined as a partial Mayo score≥*** statistics were used to analyze all *** In a total of 407 included patients,Cd was more frequent than UC,both overall(264 Cd/143 UC patients)and by region(Cd:UC ratios of 2.1 in the Southeast,1.6 in the South and 1.2 in the Northeast/Midwest).The majority of patients were female(54.2%of Cd;56.6%of UC),and the mean ages were 45.9±13.8 years(Cd)and 42.9±13.0 years(UC).The median disease duration was 10.0(range:0.5-45)years for both IBd *** enrollment,44.7%[95%confidence interval(CI):38.7-50.7]of Cd patients and 25.2%(95%CI:18.1-32.3)of UC patients presented with active *** than 95%of IBd patients were receiving treatment at enrollment;Cd patients were commonly treated with biologics(71.6%)and immunosuppressors(67.4%),and UC patients were commonly treated with mesalazine[5-Aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)]derivates(69.9%)and

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis disease activity Epidemiology Treatment

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饮水中添加有机酸混合物对肉鸡生长性能、血液成分和免疫应答的影响

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饲料博览 2014年第6期24卷 33-33页

作者： Ernesto M F alma V d Abraham M A

研究旨在评价含有抗坏血酸(A)、柠檬酸(C)、苹果酸(M)、山梨酸(S)和酒石酸(T)的有机混合酸(OAB)对从孵化至42日龄的肉鸡生长性能、血液成分和免疫反应的影响。将罗斯肉仔鸡300只随机分为4个处理组(1个对照组、3个试验组),每个处理4个重... 详细信息

研究旨在评价含有抗坏血酸(A)、柠檬酸(C)、苹果酸(M)、山梨酸(S)和酒石酸(T)的有机混合酸(OAB)对从孵化至42日龄的肉鸡生长性能、血液成分和免疫反应的影响。将罗斯肉仔鸡300只随机分为4个处理组(1个对照组、3个试验组),每个处理4个重复(每个重复15只鸡)。对照组饲喂普通水,处理组饲喂酸化水,酸化水含有不同的混合物:OAB1=A:C:M,OAB2=A:S:M和OAB3=A:T:M。制备混合物的比例为35:60:5,并且使用的浓度为0.5%(重量/体积)。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组的活体重(LBW)无显著影响;但改善了饲料消耗(FC)、饲料转化率(FCR)和成活率(SR)。OAB1组有最低的FCR(1.803)、FC(96.19 g·只-1·d-1)和最高的SR(95.63%)。OAB组对血液成分(红细胞比容、总蛋白、白蛋白)、酶活性(γ-谷氨酰转和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶)、免疫反应、组织重和胃肠道不同部位的pH无显著影响。但OAB1组和OAB3组的丙氨酸转氨酶活性降低,天门冬氨酸转氨酶与丙氨酸转氨酶的比增加。研究表明,OAB1可以作为一种饲料添加剂来改善肉鸡FC、FCR和SR。

关键词：生长性能血液成分肉鸡免疫应答混合物有机酸饮水抗坏血酸

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石油系统及勘探基于地震及重磁数据解释西澳大利亚坎宁盆地的区域横剖面

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海洋地质 2013年第1期29卷 18-18页

作者： Marien parra MikedENTITH Annette d. GEORGE

澳大利亚西北部陆地坎宁盆地目前正处于勘探中，勘探密度为每1000km。大致布置一口井。坎宁盆地是一个长期沉降中心，其沉积物厚度超过17km，且至少有6个含油气系统。然而迄今未见有横跨整个盆地的区域性地层剖面的成果公开发表。

关键词：西澳大利亚盆地勘探石油系统数据解释横剖面重磁地震

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Subcutaneous fatty acid composition of steers finished as weanlings or yearlings with and without growth promotants

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第1期5卷 98-105页

作者： Cletos Mapiye Tyler d Turner John A Basarab Vern S Baron Jennifer L Aalhus Michael ER dugan Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research Centre 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1 W1 Canada Alberta Agriculture and Rural development Lacombe Research Centre 6000 C & E Trail Lacombe Alberta T4L 1 W1 Canada

Background： The current study evaluated the subcutaneous fatty acid （FA） composition of calf- and yearling-fed steer with or without growth promoting implants. Crossbred steers （n = 112; 267 ± 5.0 kg） of the same contemporary group were allocated to one of four production system and implant strategy based treatments in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Results： There were no interactions （P 〉 0.05） between production systems and growth promoting implants for the total and individual subcutaneous FA. Yearling as opposed to calf finishing reduced （P 〈 0.05） subcutaneous proportions of C20：3n-6, trans （t）l 2-18：1, C14：0, several minor cis-monounsaturated FA （c-MUFA; c9-14：1, c11-16：1, cl 1-18：1, cl 2-18：1, cl 3-18：1, c9-20：1 and cl 1-20：1）, and increased （P 〈 0.05） subcutaneous proportions of tl 1 cl 5-18：2, total and individual branched-chain FA. Subcutaneous fat from steers implanted with growth promotants had higher （P 〈 0.05） proportions of total polyunsaturated FA （PUFA）, total n-6 PUFA, C18：2n-6 and individual t-18：1 isomers （t6 to tl0） compared to non-implanted steers. Conclusions： Overall, current findings show that production systems and growth promotants led to only minor differences in subcutaneous FA composition of beef steers.

关键词： Age at feedlot entry Beef Fatty acids Growth implant Steers

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