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EUS FNA of Altered Left Adrenal Gland Morphology Suggests Amending CT and PET-CT Attenuation Threshold Values That Predict Malignancy

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j.urnal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第6期3卷 1029-1036页

作者： Ferga C. Gleeson allison j. clapp Robert C. Murphy j.nathan E. Clain Prasad G. Iyer Elizabeth Raj.n Mark D. Topazian Kenneth K. Wang Michael j. Levy Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester USA

Introduction: In the setting of an extra-adrenal malignancy, it is a recognized clinical challenge to try and distinguish a benign adrenal mass from a metastatic deposit. Current non-invasive diagnostic tools for adrenal gland evaluation include CT, MRI, PET and PET-CT. Diagnostic interpretative error can occur as evaluations rarely have complete cytologic or histologic correlation for concordance purposes. Aims: To establish the performance characteristics of non-contrast CT attenuation values (Hounsfield units-HU) and the optimal PET-CT maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) for predicting adrenal malignancy when correlated with adrenal gland endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration (EUS FNA) cytology results. Methods: A prospectively maintained EUS database was reviewed to identify consecutive patients who underwent a left adrenal gland FNA. Non-contrast CT attenuation values and SUVmax scores were calculated. EUS FNA cytology results were used as the reference standard for determining the presence of benign versus malignant adrenal gland status. Results: Sixty-two patients (69 ± 11 years) underwent adrenal EUS FNA, 34 (54.8%) of whom had a clinically suspected or established extra-adrenal malignancy. Non-invasive imaging was suggestive of abnormal adrenal morphology or altered PET-CT FDG activity in 45 (72.6%) patients. Elevated attenuation values (≥10 HU) by non-enhanced CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 34.6%, respectively. The SUVmax for malignant altered morphology was significantly higher than that for benign lesions [(8.5 ± 3.1 vs 3.3 ± 0.7;(p = 0.0001)]. ROC curve analysis indicated that an optimum cutoff SUVmax of ≥4.1 (AUC 0.92) yielded the best power distinction for malignancy with a sensitivity and specificity of 89% and 100%. Conclusion: When evaluating altered adrenal morphology by non-invasive methods, the performance characteristics of elevated CT attenuation values are suboptimal. But by adopting a SUVmax cut-off value of ≥4.1

关键词： Altered Adrenal Morphology Endoscopic Ultrasound Fine Needle Aspiration Unenhanced CT Attenuation Value PET Standardized Uptake Value

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A novel approach to Parkinson's disease treatment with a potentially dual-acting therapeutic agent that targetsα-synuclein aggregation and neuron death

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2577-2578页

作者： allison RBalaj.Hiroaki Kaku Department of Investigative Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA

Parkinson's disease(PD),a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder,is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the aggregation ofα-synuclein protein into Lewy *** the current standards of therapy have been successful in providing some symptom relief,they fail to address the underlying pathophysiology of PD and as a result,they have no effect on disease progression.

关键词： aggregation death therapeutic

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ShapeShifter： a novel approach for identifying and quantifying stable lariat intronic species in RNAseq data

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2018年第3期6卷 267-274页

作者： allison j.Taggart William G Fairbrother Department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Center for Computational Molecular Biology Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA

Background： Most intronic lariats are rapidly turned over after splicing. However, new research suggests that some introns may have additional post-splicing functions. Current bioinformatics methods used to identify lariats require a sequencing read that traverses the lariat branchpoint. This method provides precise branchpoint sequence and position information, but is limited in its ability to quantify abundance of stabilized lariat species in a given RNAseq sample. Bioinformatic tools are needed to better address these emerging biological questions. Methods： We used an unsupervised machine learning approach on sequencing reads from publicly available ENCODE data to learn to identify and quantify lariats based on RNAseq read coverage shape. Results： We developed ShapeShifter, a novel approach for identifying and quantifying stable lariat species in RNAseq datasets. We learned a characteristic ＂lariat＂ curve from ENCODE RNAseq data and were able to estimate abundances for introns based on read coverage. Using this method we discovered new stable introns in these samples that were not represented using the older, branchpoint-traversing read method. Conclusions： ShapeShifter provides a robust approach towards detecting and quantifying stable lariat species.

关键词： splicing RNA lariat

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Macrophage polarization in response to wear particles in vitro

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第6期10卷 471-482页

作者： j.seph K Antonios Zhenyu Yao Chenguang Li allison j.Rao Stuart B Goodman Orthopaedic Research Laboratories Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA

Total j.int replacement is a highly successful surgical procedure for treatment of patients with disabling arthritis and j.int dysfunction. However, over time, with high levels of activity and usage of the j.int, implant wear particles are generated from the articulating surfaces. These wear particles can lead to activation of an inflammatory reaction, and subsequent bone resorption around the implant （periprosthetic osteolysis）. Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage orchestrate this chronic inflammatory response, which is dominated by a pro-inflammatory （M 1） macrophage phenotype rather than an anti-inflammatory pro-tissue healing （M2） macrophage phenotype. While it has been shown that interleukin-4 （IL-4） selectively polarizes macrophages towards an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype which promotes bone healing, rather than inflammation, little is known about the time course in which this occurs or conditions in which repolarization through I L-4 is most effective. The goal of this work was to study the time course of murine macrophage polarization and cytokine release in response to challenge with combinations of polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） particles, lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and IL-4 in vitro. Treatment of particle-challenged monocyte/macrophages with IL-4 led to an initial suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） production and subsequent polarization into an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. This result was optimized when IL-4 was delivered before PMMA particle challenge, to an M 1 phenotype rather than to uncommitted （MO） macrophages. The effects of this polarization were sustained over a 5-day time course. Polarization of M1 macrophages into an M2 phenotype may be a strategy to mitigate wear particle associated periprosthetic osteolysis.

关键词： IL-4 macrophage polarization osteolysis PMMA particles total j.int replacement

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Mechanistic insights of enhanced spin polaron conduction in CuO through atomic doping

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npj.Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 154-161页

作者： Tyler j.Smart allison C.Cardiel Feng Wu Kyoung-Shin Choi Yuan Ping Department of Physics University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA Department of Chemistry University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

The formation of a“spin polaron”stems from strong spin-charge-lattice interactions in magnetic oxides,which leads to a localization of carriers accompanied by local magnetic polarization and lattice *** example,cupric oxide(CuO),which is a promising photocathode material and shares important similarities with high Tc superconductors,conducts holes through spin polaron hopping with flipped spins at Cu atoms where a spin polaron has *** formation of these spin polarons results in an activated hopping conduction process where the carriers must not only overcome strong electron−phonon coupling but also strong magnetic ***,these effects cause low carrier conduction in CuO and hinder its *** overcome this fundamental limitation,we demonstrate from first-principles calculations how doping can improve hopping conduction through simultaneous improvement of hole concentration and hopping mobility in magnetic oxides such as ***,using Li doping as an example,we show that Li has a low ionization energy that improves hole concentration,and lowers the hopping barrier through both the electron−phonon and magnetic couplings'reduction that improves hopping ***,this improved conduction predicted by theory is validated through the synthesis of Li-doped CuO electrodes which show enhanced photocurrent compared to pristine CuO *** conclude that doping with nonmagnetic shallow impurities is an effective strategy to improve hopping conductivities in magnetic oxides.

关键词： conduction doping polaron

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Co-delivery of PARP and PI3K inhibitors by nanoscale metal-organic frameworks for enhanced tumor chemoradiation

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Nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 3003-3017页

作者： Megan j.Neufeld allison N.DuRoss Madeleine R.Landry Hayden Winter Andrea M.Goforth Conroy Sun Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyOregon State UniversityPortlandOregon 97201USA Department of Chemistry Portland State University1719 SW 10th AvePortlandOregon 97201USA Department of Radiation Medicine Oregon Health&Science University3181 S.W.Sam Jackson Park RdPortlandOregon 97239USA

Due to their complementary activity,the use of DNA damage repair(DDR)inhibitors during radiotherapy(RT)has yielded promising ***,this approach is often hindered by toxicity and poor in vivo stability of the DDR in *** scale metal-organic frameworks(nMOFs)represent an emerging class of crystalline materials which exhibit advantageous properties over traditional nanomaterials and demonstrate great potential in ***,a unique,synergistic treatment strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of RT vianMOF-mediated drug delivery and RT enhancement was evaluated.A nMOF containing the high-Zelement Hf and the ligand 1,4-dicarboxybenzene(Hf-BDC)was synthesized and loaded with the two DDR inhibitor drugs,talazoparib and buparlisib(TB@Hf-BDC-PEG).TB@Hf-BDC-PEGaugmented RT by increasing reactive oxygen species generation and thus DNA damage of which repair was inhibited *** enhancement was demonstrated in vivo where the combination of concurrent radiation with in travenous TB@Hf-BDC-PEG administration resulted in improved tumor control and increased ***,no apparent toxicity was observed with nMOF treatment,supporting its potential as an attractive candidate over traditional nano *** work provides the first report of nMOFs employed to enhance thetherapeutic response to RT through DDR inhibitor delivery and physical radiation dose enhancement.

关键词： nano scale metal-organic frameworks chemoradiotherapy DNA damage repair inhibitors drug delivery radiation dose enhancement

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Child Abuse during the Pandemic and Trauma-Informed Care: A Review of Evidence-Based Literature

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Health 2023年第9期15卷 1003-1012页

作者： allison j. DiPlacido Linda Leitzel Brayden Kameg Betty j. Braxter Rose Constantino School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

Abuse of infants and children is a public health problem that warrants immediate attention. It is estimated that over 7 million children are affected by child abuse yearly, with the highest rate of abuse in those less than one year of age. Approximately 60% of child abuse victims are children under the age of three years, making infants and young children a particularly vulnerable population. Interventions targeting the perinatal period can be effective in mitigating child abuse, including parent education programs and trauma-informed care services. This paper provides an overview of the current evidence base related to child abuse following the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on prevention and intervention strategies that can be utilized to increase caregiver support and reduce child abuse rates during the perinatal period.

关键词： Neonates Newborn Infant Child Abuse Perinatal Trauma-Informed Care

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Current applications of artificial intelligence for intraoperative decision support in surgery allison

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第4期14卷 369-381页

作者： j.Navarrete-Welton Daniel A.Hashimoto Surgical Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Laboratory Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA

Research into medical artificial intelligence(AI)has made significant advances in recent years,including surgical *** scoping review investigated AI-based decision support systems targeted at the intraoperative phase of surgery and found a wide range of technological approaches applied across several surgical *** the twenty-one(n=21)included papers,three main categories of motivations were identified for developing such technologies:(1)augmenting the information available to surgeons,(2)accelerating intraoperative pathology,and(3)recommending surgical *** many of the proposals hold promise for improving patient outcomes,important methodological shortcomings were observed in most of the reviewed papers that made it difficult to assess the clinical significance of the reported performance *** limitations,the current state of this field suggests that a number of opportunities exist for future researchers and clinicians to work on AI for surgical decision support with exciting implications for improving surgical care.

关键词： artificial intelligence decision support clinical decision support systems intraoperative deep learning computer vision machine learning surgery

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Accuracy of biometric formulae for intraocular lens power calculation in a teaching hospital

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第1期13卷 61-65页

作者： Kevin S Tang Elaine M Tran allison j.Chen David R Rivera j.rge j.Rivera Paul B Greenberg Division of Ophthalmology Alpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidence 02903Rhode IslandUSA Section of Ophthalmology Providence VA Medical CenterProvidence 02908Rhode IslandUSA Shiley Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093CaliforniaUSA

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of three commonly used biometric formulae across different axial lengths(ALs) at one United States Veterans Affairs teaching ***: A retrospective chart review was conducted from November 2013 to May 2018. One eye of each patient who underwent cataract surgery with a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) was included. The range of postoperative follow-up period was from 3 wk to 4 mo. The Holladay 2, Barrett Universal II, and Hill-Radial Basis Function(Hill-RBF) formulae were used to predict the postoperative refraction for all cataract surgeries. For each formula, we calculated the prediction errors [including mean absolute prediction error(MAE)] and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25 diopter(D) and ±0.5 D of predicted refraction. We performed subgroup analyses for short(AL25.0 mm).RESULTS: A total of 1131 patients were screened, and 909 met the inclusion criteria. Resident ophthalmologists were the primary surgeons in 710(78.1%) cases. We found no statistically significant difference in predictive accuracy among the three formulae over the entire AL range or in the short, medium, and long eye subgroups. Across the entire AL range, the Hill-RBF formula resulted in the lowest MAE(0.384 D) and the highest percentage of eyes with postoperative refraction within ±0.25 D(42.7%) and ±0.5 D(75.5%) of predicted. All three formulae had the highest MAEs(>0.5 D) and lowest percentage within ±0.5 D of predicted refraction(<55%) in short ***: In cataract surgery patients at our teaching hospital, three commonly used biometric formulae demonstrate similar refractive accuracy across all ALs. Short eyes pose the greatest challenge to predicting postoperative refractive error.

关键词： cataract surgery biometry intraocular lens power calculation

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Models to predict inj.ry, physical fitness failure and attrition in recruit training: a retrospective cohort study

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 391-400页

作者： Robin M.Orr Bruce S.Cohen Stephen C.allison Lakmini Bulathsinhala Edward j.Zambraski Mark j.ffrey Tactical Research Unit Bond University2 Promethean WayGold CoastRobinaQLD 4226Australia United States Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine NatickMA 01760USA Defence Science and Technology Group Port MelbourneVIC 3207Australia

Background:Attrition rate in new army recruits is higher than in incumbent *** the current study,we identified the risk factors for attrition due to inj.ries and physical fitness failure in recruit training.A variety of predictive models were ***:This retrospective cohort included 19,769 Army soldiers of the Australian Defence Force receiving recruit training during a period from 2006 to *** them,7692 reserve soldiers received a 28-day training course,and the remaining 12,077 full-time soldiers received an 80-day training *** data included anthropometric measures,course-specific variables,inj.ry,and physical fitness *** regression was used to develop a variety of models to predict the rate of attrition due to inj.ries and physical fitness *** area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the performance of the ***:In the overall analysis that included both the 28-day and 80-day courses,the incidence of inj.ry of any type was 27.8%.The 80-day course had a higher rate of inj.ry if calculated per course(34.3%vs.17.6%in the 28-day course),but lower number of inj.ries per person-year(1.56 vs.2.29).Fitness test failure rate was significantly higher in the 28-day course(30.0%vs.12.1%).The overall attrition rate was 5.2%and 5.0%in the 28-day and 80-day courses,*** fracture was common in the 80-day course(n=44)and rare in the 28-day course(n=1).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the course-specific predictive models were relatively low(ranging from 0.51 to 0.69),consistent with"failed"to"poor"predictive *** course-combined models performed somewhat better than the course-specific models,with two models having AUC of 0.70 and 0.78,which are considered"fair"predictive ***:Attrition rate was similar between 28-day and 80-day *** comparison to the 80-day full course,the 28-day course had a lower rat

关键词： Military training Predictive modelling Risk management Soldier

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