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Availability,Management and Use of Priority Life-Saving Medicines for Under-Five Children in Two Health Districts in Senegal:A Cross-Sectional Study

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Health 2020年第2期12卷 204-218页

作者： Oumar Bassoum Abou Ba alioune badara Tall Oumou Khairy Kane Adama Faye Ibrahima Seck Anta Tal-Dia Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Faculty of MedicinePharmacy and OdontologyCheikh Anta Diop UniversityDakarSenegal Institute of Health and Development Cheikh Anta Diop UniversityDakarSenegal University Service of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicinePharmacy and OdontologyCheikh Anta Diop UniversityDakarSenegal National Hospital Center Dalal Jam DakarSenegal Department of Community Health Alioune Diop UniversityBambeySenegal Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and OdontologyCheikh Anta Diop UniversityDakarSenegal

Under-five mortality remains a major concern in the world and in Senegal. It is mainly due to preventable and treatable diseases with priority life-saving medicines for under-five children. This study evaluated the availability, management and use of these drugs in two health districts in Senegal. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the health districts of Guediawaye and Pete from 01 November 2018 to 31 January 2019. The health district of Guediawaye is in the region hosting the Senegalese capital while that of Pete is located in the region of Saint Louis, northern Senegal. Nine drugs that can prevent and treat malaria, diarrhea, pneumonia and malnutrition were selected. An inventory form and a self-administered questionnaire were used to collect data that was analyzed with SPSS and expressed as a percentage and average. Drug availability was 50.4% and 54.3% in Guediawaye and in Pete, respectively. Average stock-out duration in the past three months was estimated at 22.6 and 26 days, respectively. The drug management was marked, on the one hand, by a good availability of stock cards in the two districts with proportions equal to 100% and 94.1%, respectively, and on the other hand, by the presence of expired stocks in Pete (12.2%). About 79% and 88% of prescribers reported prescribing the basket drug, respectively. These results show that access to priority life-saving medicines for children remains a challenge. Measures to be taken should include improving the distribution channels and training of health professionals. Further studies should be conducted in other health districts to better understand the barriers to access to child health services.

关键词： Priority Life-Saving Medicines Access Under-Five Children Senegal

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Therapeutic Aspects of Chronic Bone Infections and Management Challenges

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第2期4卷 21-26页

作者： Charles Diémé Lamine Sarr alioune badara Guèye Ndeye Fatou Coulibaly André Sané Abdoulaye Ndiaye Seydina Sèye Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Dakar Sénégal.

This study aims to investigate various aspects of the treatment of chronic bone infections and the challenges in their management. The characterization of treatment of 73 patients with chronic bone infection was reported. The four management challenges including consultation delay, immune depression, extreme variety of clinical manifestations and non-use of CT or MRI were discussed in this study. We conducted a retrospective study at Aristide Le Dantec Hospital on 90 cases of chronic bone infection in 73 patients. The mean duration of symptoms before consultation was 36 months. More than half of the patients had a productive fistula at the first consultation. Sickle cell anemia was found in 6 patients. Multiple lesions were found in 10 patients;and long bones were affected in 90% of cases. The bacterial culture was positive in 93.15%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most isolated germ (68.35%). Seventy-two out of seventy-three patients were operated on. The procedure depended on anatomical and radiological lesions. Surgical treatment was associated with antibiotherapy which was firstly probabilistic and secondarily adapted to the results of bacterial culture. A favorable trend was found in 41 patients (56.16%). 32 cases of adverse effects were noted (43.83%), and 27 patients had recurrence after a favorable outcome. Several complications and sequelae were observed demonstrating the tenacity of these chronic infections.

关键词： Chronic Bone Infection Management Challenges

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Case-Control Study on the Vulnerability of Women to HIV, Kaolack, 2019

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2022年第3期12卷 355-366页

作者： Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye alioune badara Tall Awa Ba Diya Diop Ndeye Fatou Ngom Papa Gallo Sow Martial Coly Bop Anta Tal Dia Université alioune Diop de Bambey Bambey The Republic of Senegal Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Dakar The Republic of Senegal

Introduction: Despite a low prevalence that hides disparities between regions and genders, HIV infection in Senegal is progressing. Women are more vulnerable. The objective was to study the determinants of women’s vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection. Methodology: This was a case-control study carried out at the Kasnack Health Center, Kaolack in 2019. And 80 HIV-positive cases and 240 HIV-negative controls participated in the study. A questionnaire was administered to the selected women after their consent. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi Info and Stata software. Results: the mean age of the cases was 32 ± 9.7 years and that of the controls was 29.5 ± 8.5 years. Women were often housewives or traders;half of them had no schooling. Care was accessible for 74.4% of women. The level of knowledge of means of HIV prevention was medium in 71.3% of cases and 0.8% of controls. That of the modes of transmission was medium in 47.5% of cases and 0.8% of controls. The majority of controls (99.2%) had a low level of knowledge of means of prevention and modes of HIV transmission. Risky practices were 40% and 7.9% among cases and controls, respectively, and vulnerability was 40% and 7.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The level of HIV knowledge is low among most women. It is better in HIV-positive women who are more exposed to risky practices that increase their vulnerability. Reducing this vulnerability requires improving their knowledge and their empowerment.

关键词： HIV Case-Control Knowledge Vulnerability

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Sweetener and Flavor Enhancer Food Additives in Industrial Food Products Marketed in Dakar: Frequency and Diversity

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 101-117页

作者： Alé Kane alioune Sow Ndèye Adiara Ndiaye Coumba gueye Sagna Papa Amadou Diakhaté Mady Cissé Amadou Diop Laboratoire des Sciences Biologiques Agronomiques Alimentaires et de Modélisation des Systèmes Complexes (LABAAM) Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Département des Technologies Agroalimentaires|UFR des Sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA) Saint-Louis Senegal Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP) Dakar Senegal Laboratoire de chimie analytique et bromatologie UCAD Dakar Senegal

Sweeteners and flavor enhancers are food additives widely used in industry, respectively, to add sweetness and flavor to foods. However, the presence of these substances is often criticized by consumers for their effects on health. What’s more, some scientific studies link these substances to certain pathologies. To guarantee food safety, competent authorities should have food standards based on risk analysis using consistent, reliable data. However, in developing countries, such data is often weak or non-existent. The aim of this study is therefore to carry out a pilot survey to establish the profile of sweeteners and flavour enhancers present in industrial food products marketed in Senegal. The methodology consisted of sampling various food products sold on the Senegalese market, based on analysis of labels containing information on ingredients, including additives. The investigation involved nine stores, one supermarket and 5 mini-markets in Dakar. The results showed the presence of 6 taste enhancers in food products, the most frequent being sodium L-monoglutamate (E621), inosinate (E631) and disodium guanylate (E627). Solid broths are the foodstuffs with the highest number of taste exhalters. As for sweeteners, 12 substances were identified, the most frequent being acesulfame potassium (E950), aspartame (E951), sucralose (E955) and saccharin (E954). Given the potential health risks associated with the consumption of these food additives, their control and monitoring on the market should be a priority for the competent authorities.

关键词： Exhalter Sugar Acesulfame Potassium Sodium Monoglutame Artificial Health Risk

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A New Observation of Bone Marrow Involvement by Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking Myelofibrosis

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 39-44页

作者： Fall Seynabou alioune badara Diallo Dibor Niang El Hadji Daouda Niang Khadim Sarr Marième Lolita Camara Abibatou Sall Fatou Samba Ndiaye Department of Hematology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Pathology Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by high clinical and biological heterogeneity. Patients typically present with progressive lymphadenopathy, extranodal disease and may also experience fever, night sweats and unexplained weight loss. We report here the case of a 16-year-old female with osteoarticular pain, dizziness, and dyspnea on exertion. Clinical examination showed no lymphadenopathy. Complete blood count (CBC) revealed pancytopenia and marrow smears found to be hypocellular. Initial diagnosis favored secondary myelofibrosis. Diagnosis of bone marrow involvement by DLBCL was retained on bone marrow histology and immunohistochemistry which showed infiltration of large B lymphoid cells. The patient was treated by immunochemotherapy R-CHOP regimen. This case highlights a very rare and atypical circumstance of discovery of DLBCL with myelofibrosis as an initial symptom. Prognosis value of this presentation and management difficulties are also discussed.

关键词： Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Myelofibrosis Rituximab

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Molecular Genotyping of Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) in HIV+ and HIV−Women in Senegal

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第2期12卷 54-66页

作者： Babacar Faye Serigne A. A. M. gueye Jean A. D. Tine Hameth Sarr alioune Dièye Laboratory of Molecular Biology Military hospital of Ouakam (HMO) Dakar Senegal AIDS Program of the Senegalese Armed Forces Dakar Senegal Service of Immunology Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology of Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Public Health Unit Faculty of Medecine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology of Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Different studies have demonstrated high prevalence of HPV infection and dysplastic lesions of the cervix in immunocompromised patient such as women living with HIV. Is this high prevalence due to a greater susceptibility to HPV infection, which is known to be frequent in its latent form in women? Objective: This study aims to identify HPV genotypes in HIV+ and HIV−women to understand HPV molecular epidemiology in Senegal. Material and Method: Endocervical samples from 331 HIV+ and HIV−women, sexually active, were collected. The molecular identification of the 28 genotypes studied (19 HPV-HR and 9 HPV-LR) was carried out after DNA extraction, by multiplex PCR with the Anyplex™II HPV28 detection kit from Seegene on CFX96™Bio-Rad machine. The comparisons were made by calculating the p-value and odds ratio with R Studio software (version 4.1.0). The results were considered significant if p Results: The general prevalence of HPV was significantly higher in HIV+ women with 78.95% vs 64.65% for HPV;72.18% vs 57.07% for HPV-HR;57.14% vs 34.34% for HPV-BR (p −women. Conclusion: Our results showed that the prevalence of HPV, HPV-HR and HPV-BR was significantly higher in HIV+ women. Non-vaccine genotypes were among the most found genotypes. Groups of HIV+ women aged between 35 and 50, married and using contraception were significantly more infected with HPV than the same groups of HIV-women.

关键词： HPV Prevalence Genotypes HIV PCR

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Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Patients Living with HIV Followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) of Fann National University Hospital in Dakar

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Health 2017年第4期9卷 727-737页

作者： Ndeye Fatou Ngom gueye Daye Ka alioune badara Tall Kine Ndiaye Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Viviane Marie Pierre Cisse Aissata Guindo Ndeye Méry Dia Badiane Sylvie Audrey Diop Noel Magloire Manga Cheikh Tidiane Ndour Moussa Seydi Ambulatory Treatment Center Fann University Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Infectious Diseases Fann University Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Community Health Alioune Diop University Bambey Senegal

Introduction: The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV (PLHIV) has been associated with an important increase in metabolic disorders, such as hypertension (HTA). This work allowed us to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in PLHIV and to describe associated factors. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was carried out based on the records of people living with HIV followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA), from January 1st 1998 to 31st, December 2014. The WHO criteria were used to diagnose hypertension. Data entry was performed using ESOPE software and data analysis was done using Epi Info software version 3.5.3. A multiple logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with hypertension. Results: During the study period, 3624 patients followed at CTA were included of which 1184 patients (32.7%) had hypertension. The average age was 47. 3 years ±10.5 years, with a sex ratio of 0.7. The most common opportunistic infections at diagnosis were tuberculosis (14.9%) and oral candidiasis (15.3%). The HIV infection was advanced (stage 3 or 4 of WHO classification) for 39% of cases. Overweight and obesity was found in 19.1%. Only 17.6% were treated by protease inhibitors. Higher average age (OR:1,05;IC [1.04 - 1.05], p = 0.000001), higher average BMI (OR:5,3;IC [3.3 - 8.5], p = 0.00001), WHO clinical stage I-II (OR:1,4;IC [1.2 - 1.6], p = 0.00003), and ARV treatment (OR:2,5;IC [1.7 - 3.7], p = 0.000001) are associated with the occurrence of hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was high among PLHIV and associated factors were: advanced age, high BMI, WHO clinical stages I and II and antiretroviral therapy. Hence, the interest of a systematic screening of hypertension and others cardiovascular risk factors particularly in patients under ARV antiretroviral therapy.

关键词： Hypertension (HTA) HIV Infection Senegal

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Study of Bacteriological and Parasitological Management Quality of Water in the Villages of Senegal

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第12期7卷 205-217页

作者： Louis Régis Dossou-Yovo Colette Gomis-Mansaly Isabelle Mady-Goma Dirat Fatoumata Sarr Diene alioune badara Ly Ronan Jambou Immunology Clinic and Parasitic Laboratory Institut Pasteur Dakar Senegal Food Security and Environmental Hygiene laboratory Institut Pasteur Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Research of Animal Biology and Ecology ENS Marien N’Gouabi University Brazzaville Congo Epidemiology Service Institut Pasteur Dakar Senegal

A survey on the parasitological and bacteriological management was conducted in two villages in southeastern Senegal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water management modalities in the two villages with ethnic differences and possibly detect factors that could cause waterborne diseases. A questionnaire on water management methods was submitted to one hundred one women drawn in the villages of Dielmo and Ndiop. Samples of well water and water stored in canaries were subjected to both parasitological and bacteriological analysis. In both villages, there was a difference in water management with respect to household configuration (monogamous, polygamous). The containers used for the drawing and storage of water were the same in their two villages. No helminth eggs were found in the drinking water, but bacterial germs, especially faecal coliforms (an indicator of human contamination) and Enterocoques (an indicator of animal contamination). These waters do not comply with WHO standards. So it is important to disinfect them before consumption although no cases of gastroenteritis have been reported.

关键词： Water Management Contamination Helminth Bacteria Dielmo Ndiop Senegal

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Study on the Perceptions and Social Representations of Husbands on Family Planning in the Health District of Pout/Senegal

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2022年第2期10卷 59-72页

作者： Mamadou Saliou Mbengue Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye alioune badara Tall Rakhmatoulaye Seck Awa Ba Ndeye Fatou Ngom Fatou Ndiaye Omar Sy Aladji Madior Diop Anta Tal Dia Université alioune Diop Bambey Bambey Senegal Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Dakar Senegal

Contraception is a set of procedures that aim to achieve temporary infertility in a woman without her ability to conceive being engaged in the future. It plays an essential role in the health of women and children, the psychological well-being of husbands and allows, among other things, savings for the family. The objective was to study the perceptions and social representations of husbands on family planning. A mixed method was used with a qualitative dominance, carried out in the health district of Pout. The result showed that the perceptions and representations of husbands influence this practice family planning. Even if they have positive attitudes and a good level of knowledge about contraceptive methods, their involvement in FP practices remains low with gaps to be filled. Direct or intermediate variables such as the social, cultural, economic and religious aspects are pitfalls. Indeed, the commitment of men and the consideration of their social attributes are variables to be integrated into the process of information and awareness on family planning;this is crucial in achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 (Good Health and Well-being), including its target 7 focused on sexual and proactive health: a second best move towards the demographic dividend.

关键词： Family Planning Perceptions Social Representations Demographic Dividend

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The Outcome of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in a Mixed Population of Adult and Pediatric Patients

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第3期10卷 325-333页

作者： Maguette Mbaye Lebrun Gahito alioune badara Thiam Mbaye Thioub Elcheikh Ndiaye Sy Mohameth Faye Sagar Diop Moustapha Ndongo Ndaraw Ndoye Momar Code Ba Seydou Boubakar Badiane Neurosurgical Department of Fann Teaching Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy (ETV) is the most common neuroendoscopic technique in the treatment of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. Since its introduction, ETV has been a safe alternative to ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt), which has a high complication rate with significant socio-economic consequences. The authors report the results of ETV performed in the neurosurgical department of FANN teaching hospital in Dakar. Methods: This retrospective study presents the results of ETV performed in 513 patients with hydrocephalus of various etiologies, ranging from February 2010 to February 2018. We have included in our series from 2010 to 2016, all patients with clinically revealed non-communicating hydrocephalus followed by a brain computed tomography (CT) scan or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who have benefited from an ETV, in which the ETV Success Score was evaluated. Results: The mean age of our patients was 14.10 years, with 298 (58%) males. The clinical symptomatology varied in both children and adults and manifested in children as macrocrania in 67.8% of the patients, while in adults, it manifested as raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in 87.5% of patients. A brain CT scan was performed in 461 (89.86%) of patients. The causes of hydrocephalus were dominated in 49% of patients by malformative pathologies, followed by tumors in 41% of patients, infections in 2.33% of patients, and normal-pressure hydrocephalus in 3.8% of patients. During the postoperative period, we found 21.41% of various complications. Conclusions: The findings in our series were compared to those in the literature and were satisfactory, thus proving the effectiveness and safety of ventriculocisternostomy in our department. In resource-limited countries, ETV can be performed with good results and less mortality and morbidity.

关键词： Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Hydrocephalus Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

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