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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings of brain olfactory areas in patients with COVID-19-related anosmia:A preliminary comparative study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 105-112页

作者： Shadman Nemati Mohammad Haghani Dogahe alia saberi Naghi Ramezani Pejman Kiani Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi Ehsan Kazemnejad Leili Sara Seddighi Abbas Monsef Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery School of MedicineOtorhinolaryngology Research CenterGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Guilan Road Trauma Research Center Guilan University of Medical SciencesRashtGuilanIran Department of Neurology Neuroscience Research CenterPoursina HospitalGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Department of Radiology Pars International HospitalGuilan ProvinceIran Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehranIran Department of Infectious Diseases Razi Clinical Research Development UnitRazi HospitalGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Center of Magnetic Resonance Research Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Objectives:2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)infection is commonly associated with olfactory dysfunctions,but the basic pathogenesis of these complications remains *** study seeks to evaluate the value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)in determining the molecular neurometabolite alterations within the main brain olfactory areas in patients with COVID-19-related ***:In a cross-sectional study,seven patients with persistent COVID-19-related anosmia(mean age:29.57 years)and seven healthy volunteers(mean age:27.28 years)underwent MRS in which N-acetyl-aspartate(NAA),choline(Cho),creatine(Cr),and their ratios were measured in the anterior cingulate cortex,dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,orbitofrontal cortex(OFC),insular cortex,and ventromedial prefrontal *** were analyzed using TARQUIN software(version 4.3.10),and the results were compared with an independent sample t-test and nonparametric Mann-Whitney test based on the normality of the MRS data ***:The mean duration of anosmia before imaging was 8.5 months in COVID-19-related anosmia *** analysis elucidated a significant association between MRS findings within OFC and COVID-19-related anosmia(P_(disease)<0.01),and NAA was among the most important neurometabolites(P_(interaction)=0.006).Reduced levels of NAA(P<0.001),Cr(P<0.001)and^(NAA)/Cho ratio(P=0.007)within OFC characterize COVID-19-related ***:This study emphasizes that MRS can be illuminating in COVID-19-related anosmia and indicates a possible association between central nervous system impairment and persistent COVID-19-related anosmia.

关键词： anosmia COVID-19 magnetic resonance spectroscopy neuroimaging olfaction

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Influence of vitamin D on liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the pooled clinical trials data

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第5期9卷 278-287页

作者： alia S Dadabhai Behnam saberi Katie Lobner Russell T Shinohara Gerard E Mullin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Biostatistics and Epide-miology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania

AIM To investigate the relationship between vitamin D and liver fibrosis in hepatitis C-monoinfected or hepatitis C virus(HCV)-human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) coinfected patients. METHODS Pertinent studies were located by a library literature search in PubM ed/Embase/Cochrane/Scopus/LILACS by two individual reviewers. Inclusion criteria:(1) studies with patients with HCV or co-infected HCV/HIV;(2) studies with patients ≥ 18 years old;(3) studies that evaluated liver fibrosis stage, only based on liver biopsy; and(4) studies that reported serum or plasma 25(OH)D levels. Studies that included pediatric patients, other etiologies of liver disease, or did not use liver biopsy for fibrosis evaluation, or studies with inadequate data were excluded. Estimated measures of association reported in the literature, as well as corresponding measures of uncertainty, were recorded and corresponding odds ratios with 95%CI were included in a meta-analysis. RESULTS The pooled data of this systematic review showed that 9 of the 12 studies correlated advanced liver disease defined as a Metavir value of F3/4 with 25(OH) D level insufficiency. The meta-analysis indicated a significant association across *** Low vitamin D status is common in chronic Hepatitis C patients and is associated with advanced liver fibrosis.

关键词： Vitamin D Liver fibrosis Hepatitis C virus Chronic hepatitis C

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Vitamin D levels do not predict the stage of hepatic fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A PRISMA compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of pooled data

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 142-154页

作者： Behnam saberi alia S Dadabhai Julie Nanavati Lin Wang Russell T Shinohara Gerard E Mullin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Welch Medical Library The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins-Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania

AIM To investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and fibrosis stage in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Two individual reviewers identified relevant studies using the Pub Med, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria were as follows:(1) Studies that evaluated adults with NAFLD and serum or plasma 25(OH)D levels; and(2) assessed fibrosis stage using liver biopsy. A rigorous analysis yielded six articles as having sufficient data to employ in evaluating the association of serum vitamin D levels in patients with NAFLD based on their liver fibrosis stage by histopathological analysis. The lead investigators of each of the six studies were contacted and the data were collected. To meta-analyze vitamin D levels in F0-F2 vs F3-F4 fibrosis, a random-effects meta-analysis fit using restricted maximum likelihood was applied. To examine trends across each stage of fibrosis with respect to vitamin D levels, a meta-regression was performed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 937 subjects from six studies were included in the final analysis to evaluate the association of serum vitamin D levels in patients with NAFLD based on their liver fibrosis stage by histopathological analysis. The lead investigators of each of the six studies were contacted and the data were collected. First, the investigators performed a meta-analysis to compare serum vitamin D levels in patients with NAFLD with stage F0-F2 compared to F3-F4, which did not show significance [meta-estimate of the pooled mean difference =-0.86, P = 0.08(-4.17, 2.46)]. A metaregression evaluation of serum vitamin 25(OH)D levels across the individual stages(F0-F4) of fibrosis did not show an association for the six included *** Low vitamin D status is not associated with higher stages of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.

关键词： Vitamin D 25-hydroxyvitamin D Liver fibrosis Meta-analysis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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Current Management of Alcoholic Hepatitis and Future Therapies

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第2期4卷 113-122页

作者： Behnam saberi alia S.Dadabhai Yoon-Young Jang Ahmet Gurakar Esteban Mezey Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Oncology The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Alcohol is one of the most common etiologies of liver disease,and alcoholic liver disease overall is the second most common indication for liver transplantation in the United *** encompasses a spectrum of disease,including fatty liver disease,alcoholic hepatitis (AH),and alcoholic *** can range from mild to severe disease,with severe disease being defined as:Discriminant Function (DF) ≥ 32,or Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) ≥ 21,or presence of hepatic *** of the mild disease consists mainly of abstinence and supportive *** AH is associated with significant ***,there is no ideal medical treatment for this *** alcohol cessation,corticosteroids have been used with conflicting results and are associated with an inherent risk of *** steroids have shown short term benefit when compared to placebo,but they have no obvious long term *** does not improve survival in patients with severe AH and is no longer recommended based on the results of the STOPAH (Steroid Or Pentoxifylline for Alcoholic Hepatitis) ***-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents are associated with increased risk of life threatening infections and ***,early stage trials are underway,mainly targeting novel pathways based on disease pathogenesis,including modulation of innate immune system,inhibition of gut-liver axis and cell death pathways,and activation of transcription factor farnesyl X receptor (FXR).Future treatment may lie in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)technology,which is currently under investigation for the study of pathogenesis,drug discovery,and stem cell *** transplantation has been reported with good results in highly selected patients but is controversial due to limited organ Suppply.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Corticosteroids Liver transplantation Induced pluripotent stem cell

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