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Novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and COVID19 disease;a systemic review on the global pandemic

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Genes & Diseases 2020年第4期7卷 491-501页

作者： Abdulmohsen h.al-Rohaimi Faisal al Otaibi College of Pharmacy University of ShaqraAl DawadmiSaudi Arabia Clinical Pharmacology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonCharterhouse SquareLondonEC1M6BQUK

Since the beginning of the 21st century,several viral outbreaks have threatened humankind and posed a new challenge to the modern h.althcare *** recent outbreak in Wuhan(December 2019),China,represents a beta coronavirus classified as novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2(SARS-CoV-2)which belongs to the Coronaviridae *** SARS-CoV-2 represents a significant similarity with previous coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV in 2002,China and MERS-CoV in 2015,Middle ***,preliminary research investigations have shown the novel SARS-CoV-2 evolved with several mutations and developed the capacity to cross the species,i.e.,animal to *** initial findings have shown that spike proteins are vital molecules target hACE2 receptor for its attachment and entry into *** successful entry virus primarily focuses on respiratory airway cell lines and triggers a massive immune response leading to mucus *** severe conditions,the virus is capable of forcing viral pneumonia leading to the collapse of the respiratory system,i.e.,*** far,there is a lack of immunity against the virus in *** the same in the absence of therapeutic interventions,many countries experienced high mortality,such as the United States,European countries,i.e.,Italy,Spain,France,and the United *** vaccine development is underway and experiencing challenges,as many reports demonstrated genetic variations in viral genome and proteins as *** present study provides a complete comprehensive overview of the novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak,human transmission,and global spread.

关键词： Centre for disease prevention and control COVID19 Diagnosis Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics Vaccines World h.alth Organization

Nanosecond pulse and dual-wavelength Q-switched 1.5 μm fiber laser using MAX phase Cr2TialC2 saturable absorber

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 7-12页

作者： Ahmed Shakir al-hITI hiba hASSAN Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Anbar Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Technology-Iraq

We demonstrated a new type of MAX phase material, chromium titanium aluminum carbide（Cr2TialC2） polymer film, to generate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser（EDFL）. The film thickness was measured to be around 45 μm, which was fabricated using the embedding method with polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） polymer as hoster. The saturable absorber（SA） film demonstrates a dual-wavelength passively Q-switched EDFL which operates at 1 531 nm and 1 560.19 nm, respectively. The Q-switching pulse duration could be varied from 2.46 μs to 770 ns, while the repetition rate varied from 92.76 khz to 106.6 khz with an increasing input pumping range from 154 mW to 300 mW. The maximum output power and pulse energy of 15.05 mW and 141.18 nJ were obtained at the maximum input power of 300 mW, respectively.

关键词： Saturable absorbers

Context-aware GPS integrity monitoring for intelligent transport systems

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： T.A.Binjammaz ali h.al-Bayatti A.h.al-hargan School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort UniversityLeicesterLEI 9BHUK School of Electronic Electrical and System EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamB15 2TFUK

The integrity of positioning systems has become an increasingly important requirement for location-based intelligent transport systems （ITS）, for example electronic toll collection （ETC）, public transport operations and traffic control services. In ITS, satellite navigation systems, such as global positioning system （GPS）, are used to provide real-time vehicle positioning information including details of longitude, latitude, direction and speed. Map matching algorithms are used to integrate the positioning information into the digital road map. however, the navigation systems used in ITS cannot provide the high quality positioning information required by most services, due to the various types of errors made in the map matching process and experienced by GPS sensors such as signal outage, and errors due to atmospheric effects and receiver measurement errors, all of which are difficult to measure. An error in the positioning information or map matching process might lead to the inaccurate determination of a vehicle location. This could have legal or economic consequences for ITS applications such as traffic law enforcement systems （e.g., speed fining）. Such applications require integrity when measuring the vehicle position and speed information and in the map matching process when locating the vehicle on the correct road segment to avoid errors when charging drivers. Consequently, the integrity algorithm for the navigation system should include a guarantee that the systems do not produce misleading or faulty information as this may lead to significant errors in the ITS services provided. In this paper, a high integrity GPS monitoring algorithm based on the concept of context-awareness that can be applied with real time ITS services to integrate changes in the integrity status of the navigation system was developed. Results suggest that the new integrity algorithm can support various types of location-based ITS services （e.g., route guidance）.

关键词： Speed integrityGPS DopplerLocation-based ITS applicationsGPS integrityMap matching algorithms

Polyamide-baghouse dust nanocomposite for removal of methylene blue and metals:Characterization,kinetic,thermodynamic and regeneration

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第11期34卷 112-125页

作者： Abdullah A.Basaleh Muhammad h.al-Malack Tawfik A.Saleh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

In this research,polyamide modified baghouse dust nanocomposite(PMBhD)was synthesized from steel industry waste using the interfacial polymerization *** capacities of the PMBhD were examined for the uptake of cadmium Cd(Ⅱ),lead Pb(Ⅱ),and methylene blue MB from simulated *** effects of different operational factors of the adsorption,including contact time,ph,adsorbent dosage,initial concentration,and temperature,were *** obtained results revealed that the equilibrium data of MB,Pb(Ⅱ),and Cd(Ⅱ)were best fitted to Dubinin-Radushkevich,Langmuir,and Freundlich *** removal uptake was found to be 6.08,119,and 234 mg·g^(-1),whereas maximum removal efficiencies of 90%,99.8%,and 98%were achieved for MB,Pb(Ⅱ),and Cd(Ⅱ).Adsorption kinetics of MB and metals well-fitted to the pseudo-second-order *** characterization results showed the presence of polymeric chain on the surface of the *** thermodynamic study revealed that the values of the free energy DG for Pb(Ⅱ)and Cd(Ⅱ)were found to be negative,which indicates spontaneous,energetic,and favorable *** for MB removal,positive values of(DG)were noticed,which implies that the adsorption was *** proposed mechanism for the adsorption of MB and metals on the PMBhD showed that the dominating mechanism is *** adsorption/desorption results verified the high reusability of the PMBhD for adsorption of MB and metals.

关键词： Waste management Adsorption Low-cost adsorbents Nanomaterials Polymerization Composites

A hybrid Classification and Identification of Pneumonia Using African Buffalo Optimization and CNN from Chest X-Ray Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2497-2517页

作者： Nasser alalwan Ahmed I.Taloba Amr Abozeid Ahmed Ibrahim alzahrani ali h.al-Bayatti Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Information System Department Faculty of Computers and InformationAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Cyber Technology Institute(CTI) De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

An illness known as pneumonia causes inflammation in the *** there is so much information available fromvarious X-ray images,diagnosing pneumonia has typically proven *** improve image quality and speed up the diagnosis of pneumonia,numerous approaches have been *** date,several methods have been employed to identify *** Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)has achieved outstanding success in identifying and diagnosing diseases in the fields of medicine and ***,these methods are complex,inefficient,and imprecise to analyze a big number of *** this paper,a new hybrid method for the automatic classification and identification of Pneumonia from chest X-ray images is *** proposed method(ABOCNN)utilized theAfrican BuffaloOptimization(ABO)algorithmto enhanceCNNperformance and *** Weinmed filter is employed for pre-processing to eliminate unwanted noises from chest X-ray images,followed by feature extraction using the Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix(GLCM)*** features are then selected from the dataset using the ABO algorithm,and ultimately,high-performance deep learning using the CNN approach is introduced for the classification and identification of *** results on various datasets showed that,when contrasted to other approaches,the ABO-CNN outperforms them all for the classification *** proposed method exhibits superior values like 96.95%,88%,86%,and 86%for accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively.

关键词： African buffalo optimization convolutional neural network pneumonia X-ray

Effects of P301L-TAU on post-translational modifications of microtubules in human iPSC-derived cortical neurons and TAU transgenic mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2348-2360页

作者： Mohamed Aghyad al Kabbani Christoph Köhler hans Zempel Institute of human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany Center Anatomy Department ⅡMedical FacultyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule assembly and stability in the *** is missorted and aggregated in an array of diseases known as *** are essential for neuronal function and regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications,changes of which affect microtubule stability and dynamics,microtubule interaction with other proteins and cellular structures,and mediate recruitment of microtubule-severing *** impairment of microtubule dynamics causes neuronal dysfunction,we hypothesize cognitive impairment in human disease to be impacted by impairment of microtubule *** therefore aimed to study the effects of a disease-causing mutation of TAU(P301L)on the levels and localization of microtubule post-translational modifications indicative of microtubule stability and dynamics,to assess whether P301L-TAU causes stability-changing modifications to *** investigate TAU localization,phosphorylation,and effects on tubulin post-translational modifications,we expressed wild-type or P301L-TAU in human MAPT-KO induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons(i Neurons)and studied TAU in neurons in the hippocampus of mice transgenic for human P301L-TAU(p R5 mice).human neurons expressing the longest TAU isoform(2N4R)with the P301L mutation showed increased TAU phosphorylation at the AT8,but not the p-Ser-262 epitope,and increased polyglutamylation and acetylation of microtubules compared with endogenous TAU-expressing neurons.P301L-TAU showed pronounced somatodendritic presence,but also successful axonal enrichment and a similar axodendritic distribution comparable to exogenously expressed 2N4R-wildtype-TAU.P301L-TAU-expressing hippocampal neurons in transgenic mice showed prominent missorting and tauopathy-typical AT8-phosphorylation of TAU and increased polyglutamylation,but reduced acetylation,of microtubules compared with non-transgenic *** sum,P301L-TAU results in changes in micr

关键词： human induced pluripotent stem cell microtubules P301L pR5 mice TAU tauopathy tubulin code

Split internal-loop photobioreactor for Scenedesmus ***:Culturing and hydrodynamics

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第5期34卷 236-248页

作者： Laith S.Sabri Abbas J.Sultan Muthanna h.al-Dahhan Multiphase Flow and Reactors Engineering and Application Laboratory(mReal) Chemical and Biochemical Engineering DepartmentMissouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO65409-1230.USA University of Technology Chemical Engineering DepartmentBaghdadIraq

In this study,the evaluation of the performance of the split internal loop photobioreactor for culturing a species of green microalgae,Scenedesmus *** different operating superficial gas velocity and during a different time of growth(i.e.,starting for the first day until end day of the culturing process)was *** evaluation of the performance of the split internal loop photobioreactor was included assessing the density,ph,temperature,viscosity,surface tension,the optical density,cell population,dry biomass,and chlorophyll of the culture medium of the microalgae ***,the hydrodynamics of a Split Internal-Loop Photobioreactor with microalgae culturing was comprehensively *** particle tracking(RPT)and gamma-ray computed tomography(CT)techniques were applied for the first time to quantify and address the influence of microalgae culture on the hydrodynamic *** hydrodynamics parameters such as local liquid velocity field,shear stresses,turbulent kinetic energy,and local gas holdup profiles were measured at different superficial gas velocities as well as under different times of algae *** obtained results indicate that the flow distribution may significantly affect the performance of the photobioreactor,which may have substantial effects on the cultivation *** obtained experimental data can serve as benchmark data for the evaluation and validation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)codes and their ***,in turn,allows us to develop efficient reactors and consequently improving the productivity and selectivity of these photobioreactors.

关键词： Scenedesmus microalgae Cylindrical airlift photobioreactor Physical properties Non-invasive gamma-ray technique

Structural Analysis for Qazzaz Metamorphic Core Complex,Northwestern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第5期98卷 1187-1201页

作者： Mansour h.al-hAShIM Osama M.K.KASSEM Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud University11451 RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Geology National Research CenterCairoEgypt

Identifying deformational mechanisms and associated structures at various scales,ranging from regional-scale structures to microscopic fabric,is crucial for the assessment of tectonic ***-three samples were taken from the Qazzaz metamorphic core complex to estimate the finite strain for felsic and mafic *** samples included gneisses rocks,monzogranite,and metavolcano-sedimentary rocks for both the Thalbah and Bayda *** the Rf/j and Fry methods,the axial ratios(XZ)range about 2.20 to 7.10 and 1.90 to 9.10,*** various rock units,the strain measurements show moderate to highly *** of the observed samples show shallow WNW dipping along a N to WNW trend of finite strain(X).The short axes(Z)based to be subvertical foliation related with a subhorizontal *** results demonstrate that contacts generated at semi-brittle to ductile deformation and that the strain of magnitude has the same value for different lithologic *** concluded that nappe generation in orogens results from pure shear deformation.

关键词： Finite strain metamorphic core complex Qazzaz area Saudi Arabia

Vagus nerve stimulation in intracerebral hemorrhage:the need for further research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3213-3214页

作者： Sheharyar S.Baig ali N.ali Arshad Majid Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience Division of NeuroscienceThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK

Vagus nerve stimulation(VNS)and stroke:Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide(Baig et al.,2023).There have been significant paradigm shifts in the management of acute ischemic stroke through mechanical *** chronic ischemic stroke,invasive VNS paired with rehabilitation is associated with a significant increase in upper limb motor recovery and is FDA-approved(Baig et al.,2023).There are no treatments of similar efficacy in acute intracerebral hemorrhage(ICh)where several promising trials,e.g.,TICh-2,STOP-AUST,and TRAIGE did not show improvements in functional outcomes(Puy et al.,2023).

关键词： stimulation acute