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An integrated approach for GLOF hazard,vulnerability and risk assessment in the Karakoram mountain Range of northern Pakistan

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Journal of mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 142-155页

作者： Sajid ULLAH muhammad SHAFIQUE Ghazanfar ali KHATTAK Attaullah SHAH Yaseen ULLAH National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25000Pakistan GIS and Space Application in Geosciences National Centre of GIS and Space Applications(NCGSA)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Karakoram International University Gilgit 15100Pakistan

Climate change and rising temperatures are accelerating the rate of deglaciation in the Hindu Kush Karakoram Himalaya(HKH)ranges,leading to the formation of new glacial lakes and the expansion of existing *** lakes are often vulnerable to failure,posing a significant threat to downstream communities and ***,a comprehensive assessment of Glacier-Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF)hazards and risk assessment is crucial to evaluate flood runout characteristics and identify settlements and infrastructure that are exposed and vulnerable to floods,aiding in the development and implementation of risk reduction *** study aims to simulate a GLOF event induced by the Shisper glacier lake in northern Pakistan,using the HEC-RAS,and to assess its impact on settlements,infrastructure,and agricultural *** the hydrometeorological analysis of the GLOF event,topographic data from unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),stream profiles,discharge data,manning's roughness coefficient(n),and land use/land cover(LULC)were analyzed using HEC-RAS and geographic information system(GIS).During the GLOF event on may 7,2022,a maximum water depth of 6.3 m and a maximum velocity of 9.5 m/s were *** on the runout characteristics of this event,vulnerability and risk assessments have been *** physical,social,and environmental vulnerabilities of the at-risk elements were evaluated using the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)and integrated with the hazard data to develop a risk *** study identified the areas,infrastructure and settlements susceptible to GLOF hazard to support the development and implementation of targeted and evidence-based mitigation and adaptation strategies.

关键词： GLOF Hazard assessment Glacial lake HEC-RAS Vulnerability and risk Shisper glacier

Optimizing non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3388-3399页

作者： Sheharyar S.Baig Samantha Dorney mudasar Aziz Simon m.Bell ali N.ali Li Su Jessica N.Redgrave Arshad majid Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust DoncasterUK

Stroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability *** is an unmet need for neuromodulatory therapies that can mitigate against neurovascular injury and potentially promote neurological *** vagus nerve stimulation has been demonstrated to show potential therapeutic effects in both acute and chronic ***,previously published research has only investigated a narrow range of stimulation settings and *** this review,we detail the ongoing studies of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in stroke through systematic searches of registered clinical *** summarize the upcoming clinical trials of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in stroke,highlighting their indications,parameter settings,scope,and *** further explore the challenges and barriers associated with the implementation of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in acute stroke and stroke rehabilitation,focusing on critical aspects such as stimulation settings,target groups,biomarkers,and integration with rehabilitation interventions.

关键词： neuromodulation neuroplasticity rehabilitation stroke vagal nerve stimulation vagus nerve stimulation

Hybrid and enhanced electrokinetic system for soil remediation from heavy metals and organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 424-450页

作者： Faris m.Hamdi Namuun Ganbat ali Altaee Akshaya K.Samal Ibrar Ibrar John L.Zhou Adel O.Sharif Centre for Green Technology School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of Technology Sydney15 BroadwayNSW 2007Australia Department of Civil Engineering Jazan UniversityJazan 82822Saudi Arabia Centre for Nano and material Sciences Jain UniversityRamanagaraBangaloreKarnataka 562112India School of mechanical Sciences Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyAustralia

The electrokinetic(EK)process has been proposed for soil decontamination from heavy metals and organic *** advantages of the EK process include the low operating energy,suitability for fine-grained soil decontamination,and no need for *** the last three decades,enhanced and hybrid EK systems were developed and tested for improving the efficiency of contaminants removal from *** enhanced-EK processes exhibited excellent efficiency in removing contaminants by controlling the soil pH or the chemical reaction of *** hybrid systems were tested to overcome environmental hurdles or technical drawbacks of decontamination *** of the EK process with phytoremediation,bioremediation,or reactive filtermedia(RFm)improved the remediation process performance by capturing contaminants or facilitating biological agents’movement in the ***,EK process coupling with solar energy was proposed to treat off-grid contaminated soils or reduce the EK energy *** study reviews recent advancements in the enhancement and hybrid EK systems for soil remediation and the type of contaminants targeted by the *** study also covered the impact of operating parameters,imperfect pollution separation,and differences in the physicochemical characteristics and microstructure of soil/sediment on the EK ***,a comparison between various remediation processes was presented to highlight the pros and cons of these technologies.

关键词： Electrokinetic Soil remediation Reactive filter media Enhanced electrokinetic Contaminants

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow matthew F.Gary ali m.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Numerical Simulation of Blood Flow Dynamics in a Stenosed Artery Enhanced by Copper and Alumina Nanoparticles

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1839-1864页

作者： Haris Alam Zuberi madan Lal Amol Singh Nurul Amira Zainal ali J.Chamkha Department of Applied mathematics M.J.P.Rohilkhand UniversityBareilly243006India Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan mekanikal Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka76100Malaysia Forecasting and Engineering Technology Analysis(FETA)Research Group Universiti Teknikal MalaysiaMelaka76100Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Kuwait College of Science and TechnologyDoha35004Kuwait

Nanotechnology holds immense importance in the biomedical field due to its ability to revolutionize healthcare on a molecular *** by the imperative of enhancing patient outcomes,a comprehensive numerical simulation study on the dynamics of blood flow in a stenosed artery,focusing on the effects of copper and alumina nanoparticles,is *** study employs a 2-dimensional Newtonian blood flow model infused with copper and alumina nanoparticles,considering the influence of a magnetic field,thermal radiation,and various flow *** governing differential equations are first non-dimensionalized to facilitate analysis and subsequently solved using the 4th order collocation method,bvp4c module in *** approach obtains velocity and temperature profiles,revealing the impact of relevant parameters crucial in the biomedical *** findings of this study underscore the significance of understanding blood flow dynamics in stenosed arteries and the potential benefits of utilizing copper and alumina nanoparticles in treatment *** incorporation of nanoparticles introduces novel avenues for enhancing therapeutic interventions,particularly in mitigating the effects of *** elucidation of velocity and temperature profiles provides valuable insights into the behavior of blood flow under different conditions,thereby informing the development of targeted biomedical *** arterial curvature flow parameter influences temperature profiles,with increased parameters promoting more efficient heat *** elevated values of Prandtl number and thermal radiation parameter showcase the diminished temperature profiles,indicating stronger dominance of momentum diffusion over thermal diffusion and radiative heat transfer *** analysis of the pertinent physical parameters reveals that the Prandtl number has the most significant impact on blood flow dynamics.A statistical analysis of the present results and exist

关键词： Blood flow simulation stenosis copper and alumina nanoparticles thermal radiation curvature parameter

Effects of rare-earth Pr3+-Dy3+ doping on structural,magnetic,optical and dielectric properties of Zn2Y hexaferrite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 329-336页

作者： Ibrahim mohammed mohamed E.El Sayed ali Shawabkeh mohammad N.murshed Ibtehaj F.Alshdoukhi Zeinhom m.El-Bahy J.mohammed A.K.Srivastava Department of Physics Lovely Professional University Department of Science Technology Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic Birnin Kebbi Physics Department Faculty of Science and ArtsKing Khalid University College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle East Department of Basic Sciences College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health ScienceKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceFederal University Dutse

This study was conducted to investigate the properties of Pr3+-Dy3+doped Zn2Y-type hexaferrite for potential technological applications.X-ray diffraction（XRD）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and field-emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEm） were used to analyze structural *** crystallite size in the synthesized samples varies between 57.54 and 68.57 *** vibrational bands at 400 and 600 cm-1,common to all hexaferrites,were confirmed through *** FESEm analysis reveals an agglomeration of magnetic grains and a decrease in the average grain size from 1.24 to1.06 μ*** m-H loops show that,with x values of 0.0,0.1,and 0.2,the saturation magnetization is determined to be 34.76,34.23,and 32.52 emu/g,*** corresponding coercivity values are21.24,30.39,and 33.99 ***-visible spectroscopy using Tauc theory reveals an increase in the optical band gap from 2.32 to 2.50 eV,indicating a tunable energy band structure by incorporating Pr3+-Dy3+*** dielectric constant increases,whereas AC conductivity decreases with increased Pr3+-Dy3+*** obtained results suggest the potential suitability of these materials for various technological applications.

关键词： Dielectric constant magnetic hysteresis Optical band gap Pr3+-Dy3+ Rare earths Zn2Y-type hexaferrite

Near Optimal Approximations and Finite memory Policies for POmPDs with Continuous Spaces Dedicated to Professor Peter E. Caines, on the occasion of his 80th birthday

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2025年第01期 238-270页

作者： KARA ali Devran BAYRAKTAR Erhan YüKSEL Serdar Department of mathematics Florida State University Department of mathematics University of Michigan Department of mathematics and Statistics Queen's University

The authors study an approximation method for partially observed markov decision processes(POmDPs) with continuous spaces. Belief mDP reduction, which has been the standard approach to study POmDPs requires rigorous approximation methods for practical applications, due to the state space being lifted to the space of probability measures. Generalizing recent work, in this paper the authors present rigorous approximation methods via discretizing the observation space and constructing a fully observed finite mDP model using a finite length history of the discrete observations and control actions. The authors show that the resulting policy is near-optimal under some regularity assumptions on the channel, and under certain controlled filter stability requirements for the hidden state process. The authors also provide a Q learning algorithm that uses a finite memory of discretized information variables, and prove its convergence to the optimality equation of the finite fully observed mDP constructed using the approximation method.

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Gas Chromatographic Analysis of the methanogenic Potential of Lignocellulosic Biomass Consisting of Banana Residues in Tambacounda, Senegal

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 187-201页

作者： Haroun ali Adannou Hamza Aziber Ousman Ndiaye mouhamadou Lamine Department of Physics and Chemistry Higher Normal School of NDjamena NDjamena Chad African Laboratory for Sustainable Development Research NDjamena Chad Department of Life and Earth Sciences Ecole Normale Suprieure de NDjamena NDjamena Chad Sustainable Business for AllSB2-4All Dakar Senegal

The residual biomass composed of pseudo trunks and banana leaves is very important and poorly valued. There is very little quantified data on the deposits of residual biomass from banana plantations in Senegal and in particular in the Tambacounda region. In this work, we seek to evaluate the methanogenic potential and to valorize this biomass in biogas and biofertilizer. The laboratory experiment lasted approximately 35 days. During this time, the methanogenic microorganisms degrade the organic residue provided, which results in the production of biogas. At the end of the reactions, the rate of biogas production drops, indicating the end of the biodegradation of organic matter. Biogas production is measured over time and the composition of the biogas produced is analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) or by an infrared analyzer. The methane potential of each sample is determined from the cumulative quantity of methane produced in each flask representing a digestion system. The measurement can be expressed in m3 of CH4 per tonne of dry matter or per tonne of raw material. The first challenge of this study therefore lies in the acquisition of reliable and usable data to quantify the methanizable biomass. This study will allow us not only to evaluate the quantities of pseudo trunks and banana leaves available in a plot after harvest but also to test the biogas and methane production potential (BmP test) of this substrate and therefore determine the expected biogas production of this biomass.

关键词： Residual Biomass Banana Tambacounda Laboratory Organic matter Infrared Analyzer

Small heat shock protein B8:from cell functions to its involvement in diseases and potential therapeutic applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2872-2886页

作者： marta Chierichetti Riccardo Cristofani Valeria Crippa Veronica Ferrari marta Cozzi Elena Casarotto Paola Pramaggiore Laura Cornaggia Guglielmo Patelli ali mohamed margherita Piccolella mariarita Galbiati Paola Rusmini Barbara Tedesco Angelo Poletti Laboratory of Experimental Biology Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari“Rodolfo Paoletti”(DiSFeB)Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly

Heat shock protein family B(small)member 8(HSPB8)is a 22 kDa ubiquitously expressed protein belonging to the family of small heat shock ***8 is involved in various cellular mechanisms mainly related to proteotoxic stress response and in other processes such as inflammation,cell division,and ***8 binds misfolded clients to prevent their aggregation by assisting protein refolding or degradation through chaperone-assisted selective *** line with this function,the pro-degradative activity of HSPB8 has been found protective in several neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases characterized by protein misfolding and *** cancer,HSPB8 has a dual role being capable of exerting either a pro-or an anti-tumoral activity depending on the pathways and factors expressed by the model of cancer under ***,HSPB8 exerts a protective function in different diseases by modulating the inflammatory response,which characterizes not only neurodegenerative diseases,but also other chronic or acute conditions affecting the nervous system,such as multiple sclerosis and intracerebellar *** note,HSPB8 modulation may represent a therapeutic approach in other neurological conditions that develop as a secondary consequence of other *** is the case of cognitive impairment related to diabetes mellitus,in which HSPB8 exerts a protective activity by assuring mitochondrial *** review aims to summarize the diverse and multiple functions of HSPB8 in different pathological conditions,focusing on the beneficial effects of its ***-based and alternative therapeutic approaches targeting HSPB8 and its regulated pathways will be discussed,emphasizing how new strategies for cell and tissue-specific delivery represent an avenue to advance in disease treatments.

关键词： aggregation autophagy cancer chaperone chaperone-assisted selective autophagy cognitive impairment HSPB8 neuroinflammation neuromuscular diseases therapy