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Medicinal mushrooms in prevention and control of diabetes mellitus

Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 1-29页

作者： Dilani D.De Silva Sylvie Rapior Kevin D.hyde ali h.bahkali Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Faculty of Pharmacy University Montpellier 1UMR 5175 CEFEBP 1449115avenue Charles Flahault34093 Montpellier Cedex 5France School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Botany and Microbiology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11442Saudi Arabia

Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening chronic metabolic disease caused by lack of insulin and/or insulin dysfunction,characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood(hyperglycemia).Millions worldwide suffer from diabetes and its ***,it has been recognized that type 2 diabetes is an important preventable disease and can be avoided or delayed by lifestyle ***,there are many chemical and biochemical hypoglycemic agents(synthetic drugs),that are used in treating diabetes and are effective in controlling ***,as they may have harmful side-effects and fail to significantly alter the course of diabetic complications,natural anti-diabetic drugs from medicinal plants have attracted a great deal of *** mushrooms have been valued as a traditional source of natural bioactive compounds over many centuries and have been targeted as potential hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic *** metabolites including polysaccharides,proteins,dietary fibres,and many other biomolecules isolated from medicinal mushrooms and their cultured mycelia have been shown to be successful in diabetes treatment as biological antihyperglycemic *** this review we discuss the biological nature of diabetes and,in particular,explore some promising mushrooms that have experimental anti-diabetic properties,preventing or reducing the development of diabetes *** importance of medicinal mushrooms as agents of medical nutrition therapy and how their metabolites can be used as supportive candidates for prevention and control of diabetes is *** prospects for this field of study and the difficulties and constraints that might affect the development of rational drug products from medicinal mushrooms are discussed.

关键词： Medicinal mushrooms Diabetes mellitus Anti-diabetic agents Anti-hyperglycemic agents Bioactive metabolites Mushroom supplementation Diabetes prevention

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Medicinal mushrooms in supportive cancer therapies:an approach to anti-cancer effects and putative mechanisms of action

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第4期55卷 1-35页

作者： Dilani D.De Silva Sylvie Rapior Françoise Fons ali h.bahkali Kevin D.hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang University333 M.1 T.Tasud Muang DistrictChiang Rai 57100Thailand e-mail:kdhyde3@*** School of Science Mae Fah Luang University333 M.1 T.Tasud Muang DistrictChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20500Sri Lanka Faculty of Pharmacy University Montpellier 1UMR 5175 CEFEBP 1449115avenue Charles-Flahault34093Montpellier Cedex 5France Botany and Microbiology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11442Saudi Arabia

Medicinal mushrooms have been valued as natural sources of bioactive compounds since times immemorial and have been recognized as potential immunomodulating and anti-cancer *** consumption has consistently been shown to have beneficial effects on human *** is a generic term for several types of diseases that can be chronic and are responsible for a large number of deaths *** there has been considerable progress in modern cancer therapy research,difficulties in understanding the molecular behavior of various types of cancers and the numerous side effects experienced by patients from treatments means that this whole subject area is still ***,biological immunotherapy using natural bioactive compounds as supportive treatments in conventional cancer therapies has become in *** metabolites isolated from medicinal mushrooms have shown potential successes in cancer treatment as biological immunotherapeutic agents that stimulate the immune system against cancer *** also act as an effective source of anti-cancer agents,capable of interfering with cellular signal transduction pathways linked to cancer development and *** this review we compile available data on the characteristics of medicinal mushrooms that appear to be particularly effective as biological immunotherapeutic *** consideration is given to biological constituents and the putative mechanisms of action by which bioactive compounds act on the human *** is also given to the benefits that have been claimed for the use of mushrooms in treating cancer and the future prospects of using medicinal mushrooms as potent supportive candidate bioagents for treatment of cancers is discussed.

关键词： Medicinal mushrooms Cancer Anti-cancer Immunomodulation Bioactive metabolites

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Trichomeriaceae, a new sooty mould family of Chaetothyriales

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 63-76页

作者： Putarak Chomnunti D.J.Bhat E.B.Gareth Jones Ekachai Chukeatirote ali h.bahkali Kevin D.hyde International Fungal Research and Development Centre The Research Institute of Resource InsectsChinese Academy of ForestryBailongsiKunmingYunnanPeople’s Republic of China 650224 Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences(IOES) C308Institute of Postgraduate Studies BuildingUniversity of Malaya50603Kuala LumpurMalaysia College of Science Botany and Microbiology DepartmentKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

Trichomerium is a genus of foliar epiphytes with the appearance of sooty moulds,mostly occurring on the surface of living leaves and apparently gaining their nutrients from insect *** have ascostromata with setae and develop on a loosely interwoven mycelial mass of dark brown hyphae,while asci have a bitunicate appearance with hyaline *** this study,we made 16 collections of Trichomerium from *** were isolated,and the LSU and ITS rDNA gene regions *** analysis indicated that the Trichomerium species form a monophyletic clade within Chaetothyriales and warrant the introduction of a new family *** support for the Chaetothyriales is 100%and clearly separates Trichomeriaceae from Capnodiales which are morphologically very similar.A detailed account of Trichomerium is provided and we describe and illustrate three new species based on morphological and molecular *** propose that *** is adopted as the generic type of Trichomerium because it has been impossible to obtain the holotype specimen of *** and also no molecular data exists in worldwide databases for this species or genus.

关键词： Foliar epiphytes Phylogeny Sooty moulds Trichomerium

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Classification of marine Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Blastocladiomycota and Chytridiomycota

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第4期73卷 1-72页

作者： E.B.Gareth Jones Satinee Suetrong Jariya Sakayaroj ali h.bahkali Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Teun Boekhout Ka-Lai Pang Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory BIOTECNational Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)113 Thailand Science ParkThanon PhahonyothinTombon Khlong NuengAmphoe Khlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre(KNAW) Uppsalalaan 83584CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Marine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans Taiwan Ocean University2 Pei-Ning RoadKeelung 20224TaiwanRepublic of China

This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in *** classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 species(in 17 genera),Chytridiomycota and related phyla 26 species(in 13 genera),Zygomycota three(in two genera),Blastocladiomycota one species(one genus),asexual morphs of filamentous fungi 43(in 26 genera);and marine yeasts:Ascomycota 138 species(in 35 genera),Basidiomycota 75 species(in 26 genera).These fungi belong to 129 families and 65 *** halosphaeriaceae remains the largest family of marine fungi with 141 species in 59 genera,while the most specious genera are Aspergillus(47 species),Penicillium(39 species)and the yeast genus Candida(64 species).The review includes details of recent higher order nomenclature changes,and accounts of new families,genera and species described over the past 5 years.

关键词： Fungal classification Marine fungi Molecular phylogeny New taxa Praelongicaulis gen nov Tirisporellales Torpedosporales ordo nov

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Meliolales

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第5期74卷 91-141页

作者： Sinang hongsanan Qing Tian Derek Peršoh Xiang-Yu Zeng Kevin D.hyde Putarak Chomnunti Saranyaphat Boonmee ali h.bahkali Ting-Chi Wen Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Chiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Ruhr-Universität Bochum GeobotanyUniversitätsstraße 15044780 BochumGermany Botany and Microbiology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadhKSA 11442Saudi Arabia The Engineering and Research Center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resource Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The order Meliolales comprises the families Armatellaceae and *** are black mildews that grow on the surface of host plants,often regarded as minor plant *** this study,types or specimens of 17 genera of Armatellaceae and Meliolaceae were borrowed from herbaria and *** is accepted in Armatellaceae and Amazonia,Appendiculella,Asteridiella,Cryptomeliola,Endomeliola,Irenopsis and Meliola are accepted in the family *** is synonymized under ***,Ectendomeliola,haraea,hypasteridium,Leptascospora,Metasteridium,Ophiociliomyces,Ophioirenina,Ophiomeliola,Parasteridium,Pauahia,Pleomeliola,Pleomerium,Prataprajella,Ticomyces,Urupe and Xenostigme are excluded from Meliolaceae,and are treated as doubtful genera or placed in ascomycetes genera incertae *** type species of each genus is re-described and illustrated with *** are provided and comparisons *** new species of Meliola and one new species of Irenopsis are also introduced with molecular data and we provide the most populated phylogenetic tree of Meliolomycetidae to *** thailandicum was found on Dimocarpus longan(Sapindales)and Acacia auriculiformis(Fabales)and confirmed to be the same species in the molecular *** has important implications as the several hundred Meliola species are recognized based on host *** the same species being recorded from two unrelated hosts sheds doubt on Meliola species being host-specific.

关键词： Armatella Armatellaceae Ascomycota Black mildews Meliola Meliolaceae Meliolomycetidae Sordariomycetes Morphology Type Species Taxonomy

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An updated phylogeny of Sordariomycetes based on phylogenetic and molecular clock evidence

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 25-41页

作者： Sinang hongsanan Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Kevin D.hyde Milan C.Samarakoon Rajesh Jeewon Qi Zhao Abdullah M.Al-Sadi ali h.bahkali Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fingal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 34Al-Khod 123Oman Department of health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

The previous phylogenies of Sordariomycetes by ***,*** and ***,and *** and ***,were mainly based on morphology and thus were somewhat *** outlines by *** and ***,and Maharachchikumbura and co-authors,took into account phylogenetic ***,even these phylogenetic driven arrangements for Sordariomycetes,were somewhat subjective,as the arrangements in trees depended on many variables,such as number of taxa,different gene regions and methods used in the *** is needed is extra evidence to help standardize ranking in the *** of divergence times using molecular clock methods has been proposed for providing additional rational for higher ranking of ***,in Sordariomycetes,a divergence period(i.e.200–300 MYA)can be used as criteria to judge when a group of related taxa evolved and what rank they should be *** this paper,we provide an updated classification of accepted subclasses,orders of Sordariomycetes and use divergence times to provide additional evidence to stabilize ranking of taxa in the *** point out and discuss discrepancies where the phylogenetic tree conflicts with the molecular clock.

关键词： Class Classification Divergence times Phylogenetics Ranking

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A multi-locus backbone tree for Pestalotiopsis, with a polyphasic characterization of 14 new species

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 95-129页

作者： Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Liang Dong Guo Lei Cai Ekachai Chukeatirote Wen Ping Wu Xiang Sun Pedro W.Crous D.Jayarama Bhat Eric h.C.McKenzie ali h.bahkali Kevin D.hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Novozymes China 14 Xin Xi LuShangdi ZoneHaidian DistrictBeijing 100086People’s Republic of China CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 851673508 ADUtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Botany Goa UniversityPanajiGoa 403206India Landcare Research Private Bag92170AucklandNew Zealand College of Science Botany and Microbiology DepartmentKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

Pestalotiopsis is a taxonomically confused,pathogenic and chemically creative genus requiring a critical reexamination using a multi-gene phylogeny based on ex-type and ex-epitype *** this study 40 isolates of Pestalotiopsis,comprised of 28 strains collected from living and dead plant material of various host plants from China were studied by means of morphology and analysis of ITS,β–tubulin and tef1 gene sequence *** on molecular and morphological data we describe 14 new species(Pestalotiopsis asiatica,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,***,*** and ***)and three species are epitypified(***,*** and ***).Of the 10 gene regions(ACT,β-tubulin,CAL,GPDh,GS,ITS,LSU,RPB 1,SSU and tef1)utilized to resolve cryptic Pestalotiopsis species,ITS,β–tubulin and tef1 proved to be the better *** other gene regions were less useful due to poor success in PCR amplification and/or in their ability to resolve species *** a single gene tef1 met the requirements for an ideal candidate and functions well for species delimitation due to its better species resolution and PCR ***β-tubulin showed fairly good differences among species,a combination of ITS,β-tubulin and tef1 gene data gave the best resolution as compared to single gene *** work provides a backbone tree for 22 ex-type/epitypified species of Pestalotiopsis and can be used in future studies of the genus.

关键词： β-tubulin Epitype ITS Phylogeny Saprobe tef1

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Towards a natural classification of Astrosphaeriella-like species;introducing Astrosphaeriellaceae and Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae *** Astrosphaeriellopsis,***.

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第5期74卷 143-197页

作者： Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chada Norphanphoun Kazuaki Tanaka Dong-Qin Dai Zong-Long Luo Jian-Kui Liu hong-Yan Su Darbhe J.Bhat ali h.bahkali Peter E.Mortimer Jian-Chu Xu Kevin D.hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East Asia NodeHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa 403108India Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology GuizhouAcademy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhouChina College of Agriculture&Biology Dali UniversityDali 671003YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesNo.1 Beichen West RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China

Astrosphaeriella sensu lato is a common genus occurring on bamboo,palms and stout *** of Astrosphaeriella have been collected from various countries in tropical,subtropical or temperate *** Asia,species have been collected in Brunei,China,Indonesia,Japan,Philippines and *** have been several morphological studies on Astrosphaeriella,but molecular work and phylogenetic analyses are generally *** included in Astrosphaeriella were characterized in three main groups 1)typical Astrosphaeriella species(sensu stricto)having carbonaceous,erumpent,conical ascostromata 2)atypical Astrosphaeriella species(sensu lato)having immersed,coriaceous ascostromata with short to long papilla and 3)lophiostoma-like species having immersed ascostromata with slit-like *** of the latter Astrosphaeriella species,having slit-like openings,have been transferred to Fissuroma and Rimora in *** this study five type specimens of Astrosphaeriella were loaned from herbaria worldwide and re-examined and are re-described and *** of Astrosphaeriella were also made in Thailand and morphologically *** cultures were obtained from single spores and used in molecular *** asexual morph was induced on sterile bamboo pieces placed on water *** analyses of combined LSU,SSU and TEF1 sequence data of astrosphaeriella-like species using Bayesian,Maximum parsimony(MP)and Randomized Accelerated Maximum Likelihood(RAxML)analyses were carried *** analyses show that species of Astrosphaeriella can be distinguished in at least three *** of Astrosphaeriella sensu stricto with erumpent,carbonaceous ascostromata,form a strongly supported clade with Pteridiospora species and a new family,Astrosphaeriellaceae,is introduced to accommodate these *** genera are revised and Astrosphaeriella bambusae,***,***,***,*** and Pteridiospora chiangraiensis

关键词： Asexual morph Bamboo Palm Pseudoastrosphaeriella Phylogeny Pleosporales Taxonomy

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Microfungi on Tamarix

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第1期82卷 239-306页

作者： Kasun M.Thambugala Dinushani A.Daranagama Alan J.L.Phillips Timur S.Bulgakov Darbhe J.Bhat Erio Camporesi ali h.bahkali Prapassorn D.Eungwanichayapant Zuo-Yi Liu Kevin D.hyde Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo 31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Faculty of Sciences Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)University of LisbonCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Academy of Biology and Biotechnology Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don344090 Rostov RegionRussia Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoaIndia Curca No.128/1–JAzad Housing SocietyGoa VelhaIndia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico ForliveseBAntonio Cicognani^ Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B.Circolo Micologico BGiovanni Carini^ C.P.314BresciaItaly Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

Tamarix species are small trees that grow in various natural habitats and have a wide geographic *** species previously found on Tamarix and recently collected in Italy and Russia were identified based on morphological characters and analyses of gene sequence *** sexual morph of the coelomycetous genus homortomyces was collected for the first time and is described and illustrated.A new family,homortomycetaceae(Dothideomycetes,families incertae sedis)is introduced to accommodate *** new genera Neomicrosphaeropsis(Didymellaceae)and Tamaricicola(Pleosporaceae)are introduced in this *** tamaricicola was recollected and is placed in Neomicrosphaeropsis based on morphology and molecular *** new species,Cytospora italica,***,Diaporthe ravennica,Eutypella tamaricis,Neomicrosphaeropsis italica,***,***,Keissleriella tamaricicola,Paracamarosporium tamaricis and Tamaricicola muriformis are introduced,while Alternaria tenuissima,Dothiorella sarmentorum,Neofusicoccum luteum,Paraepicoccum amazonense,Pleospora herbarum and Pseudocamarosporium propinquum are reported for the first time on Tamarix *** descriptions and ***-gene analyses show that Paraepicoccum amazonense should be placed in Pleosporineae,Pleosporales,where it is closely related to Camarosporium sensu *** herbarium specimens were studied to illustrate other fungal species recorded on Tamarix species.A comprehensive account of microfungi on Tamarix is provided,which includes a list with data from the literature,as well as those identified in the present *** taxonomic placement of most taxa discussed in this study is based on a modern taxonomic framework based on analysis of multi-gene sequence data.

关键词： Dothideomycetes homortomycetaceae Incertae sedis New species Phylogeny Pleosporales Sordariomycetes Tamaricaceae Taxonomy

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Revision of Phaeosphaeriaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第5期68卷 159-238页

作者： Rungtiwa Phookamsak Jian-Kui Liu Eric h.C.McKenzie Dimuthu S.Manamgoda hiran Ariyawansa Kasun M.Thambugala Dong-Qin Dai Erio Camporesi Ekachai Chukeatirote Nalin N.Wijayawardene ali h.bahkali Peter E.Mortimer Jian-Chu Xu Kevin D.hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini” C.P.314BresciaItaly Societàper gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly College of Science Botany and Microbiology DepartmentKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

Phaeosphaeriaceae is a large and important family in the order Pleosporales which includes economically important plant *** may also be endophytes or saprobes on plant hosts,especially on monocotyledons(e.g.,Cannaceae,Cyperaceae,Juncaceae,Poaceae);some species have also been reported on *** family previously accommodated 35 sexual and asexual genera and comprised more than 300 species with a range of morphological *** morphological characters of taxa in this family are often ambiguous and can be confused with other taxa in Leptosphaeriaceae and *** specimens of the type genera of Phaeosphaeriaceae were loaned from herbaria worldwide and were re-examined and *** collections were obtained from Italy and Thailand,characterized,examined,isolated into pure culture and used to obtain molecular *** asexual state was induced where possible on sterile bamboo pieces placed on water *** phylogenetic analyses of ITS,LSU,SSU,RPB2 and TEF1 sequence datasets were carried out using maximum likelihood,maximum parsimony and Bayesian *** analyses shows that 21 genera(Amarenomyces,Ampelomyces,Chaetosphaeronema,Dematiopleospora,Entodesmium,Loratospora,Neosetophoma,Neostagonospora,Nodulosphaeria,Ophiobolus,Ophiosphaerella,Paraphoma,Parastagonospora,Phaeosphaeria,Phaeosphaeriopsis,Sclerostagonospora,Setomelanomma,Setophoma,Vrystaatia,Wojnowicia and Xenoseptoria)belong in Phaeosphaeriaceae,while seven genera(Amarenographium,Bricookea,Dothideopsella,Eudarluca,Phaeostagonospora,Scolecosporiella and Tiarospora)are included based on morphological *** is reinstated and Nodulosphaeria is confirmed in *** is distinguished from Sphaerellopsis based on its morphological characters and is typical of *** gene phylogenetic analys is indicates that Sphaerellopsis belongs to *** species form a clade within Phaeosphaeriacea

关键词： Asexualstate Didymosphaeriaceae Montagnulaceae Phaeosphaeria Phylogeny Pleosporales Taxonomy

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