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Pedicled omental patch as a bridging procedure for iatrogenic bile duct injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第36期23卷 6741-6746页

作者： Jun Jie Ng alfred Wei Chieh Kow Department of Surgery National University HospitalSingapore 119074 Singapore

Iatrogenic bile duct injuries during cholecystectomy can present as fulminant intra-abdominal sepsis which precludes immediate repair or biliary *** report the case of a 29-year-old female patient who sustained a bile duct injury after an open cholecystectomy in a neighboring *** presented to our institution 22 d after initial surgery with septic shock and multiple intra-abdominal *** retrograde cholangiography revealed a large common hepatic duct defect corresponding to a Strasberg type D bile duct *** reconstruction such as a hepaticojejunostomy cannot be performed due to the presence of dense adhesions with infected and friable *** underwent a combination of endoscopic biliary stenting and pedicled omental patch repair of the bile duct to control bile leak and sepsis as a bridging procedure to definite hepaticojejunostomy three months later.

关键词： Cholecystectomy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Case reports Bile ducts Abdominal abscess

Asiatic acid-pectin hydrogel matrix patch transdermal delivery system influences parasitaemia suppression and inflammation reduction in P. berghei murine malaria infected Sprague-Dawley rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第12期9卷 1148-1156页

作者： Greanious alfred Alfrd Mavondo Musabayane Cephas Tagumirwa Discipline of Human Physiology School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of Kwa Zulu Natal Pathology Department Faculty of MedicineNational University of Science and TechnologyMpilo Hospital NUST Complex

Objective: To report the influence of transdermal delivery of asiatic acid(AA) in Plasmodium berghei-infected Sprague Dawley rats on physicochemical changes, %parasitaemia and associated pathophysiology. Methods: A topical once-off AA(5, 10, and 20 mg/kg)- or chloroquine(CHQ)-pectin patch was applied on the shaven dorsal neck region of Plasmodium berghei-infected Sprague Dawley rats(90-120 g) on day 7 after infection. Eating and drinking habits, weight changes, malaria effects and %parasitaemia were compared among animal groups over 21 d. Results: AA-pectin patch application preserved food and water intake together with %weight gain. All animals developed stable parasitaemia(15%-20%) by day 7. AA doses suppressed parasitaemia significantly. AA 5 mg/kg patch was most effective. AA and CHQ displayed bimodal time-spaced peaks. CHQ patch had a longer time course to clear parasitaemia. Conclusions: AA influences bio-physicochemical changes and parasitaemia suppression in dose dependent manner. In comparison by dose administered, AA has much better efficacy than CHQ. AA may be a useful antimalarial. AA and CHQ displays bimodal peaks suggesting possible synergism if used in combination therapy.

关键词： Asiatic acid Malaria parasitaemia Plasmodium berghei Transdermal delivery system Patch Malaria inflammation

Unexpectedly large energy variations from dopant interactions in ferroelectric HfO_(2) from high-throughput ab initio calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 45-53页

作者： Max Falkowski Christopher Künneth Robin Materlik alfred Kersch Munich University of Applied Sciences Lothstr.3480335 MunichGermany

Insight into the origin of process-related properties like small-scale inhomogeneities is key for material ***,we analyze DFT calculations of randomly doped HfO_(2) structures with Si,La,and VO and relate them to the kind of production *** energies of the relevant ferroelectric Pbc2_(1) phase are compared with the competing crystallographic phases under the influence of the arising local inhomogeneities in a coarse-grained *** interaction among dopants adds to the statistical effect from the random positioning of the *** anneals after atomic layer or chemical solution deposition processes,which are short compared to ceramic process tempering,the large energy variations remain because the dopants do not *** the energy difference is the criterion for the phase stability,the large variation suggests the possibility of nanoregions and diffuse phase transitions because these local doping effects may move the system over the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase boundary.

关键词： ferroelectric dopant grain

Dating of zircon from high-grade rocks:Which is the most reliable method?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第4期5卷 515-523页

作者： alfred Krner Yusheng Wan Xiaoming Liu Dunyi Liu Beijing SHRIMP Centre Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest University

Magmatic zircon in high-grade metamorphic rocks is often characterized by complex textures as revealed by cathodoluminenscence （CL） that result from multiple episodes of recrystallization, over- growth, Pb-loss and modifications through fluid-induced disturbances of the crystal structure and the original U-Th-Pb isotopic systematics. Many of these features can be recognized in 2-dimensional CL images, and isotopic analysis of such domains using a high resolution ion-microprobe with only shallow penetration of the zircon surface may be able to reconstruct much of the magmatic and complex post- magmatic history of such grains. In particular it is generally possible to find original magmatic domains yielding concordant ages. In contrast, destructive techniques such as LA-ICP-MS consume a large volume, leave a deep crater in the target grain, and often sample heterogeneous domains that are not visible and thus often yield discordant results which are difficult to interpret. We provide examples of complex magmatic zircon from a southern Indian granulite terrane where SHRIMP lI and LA-ICP-MS analyses are compared. The SHRIMP data are shown to be more precise and reliable, and we caution against the use of LA-ICP-MS in deciphering the chronology of complex zircons from high-grade terranes.

关键词： Zircon datingHigh-grade rockSHRIMPLA-ICP-MS

Dimensional characterization of cadmium selenide nanocrystals via indirect Fourier transform evaluation of small-angle X-ray scattering data

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Nano Research 2019年第11期12卷 2849-2857页

作者： Julian Cedric Porsiel Bilal Temel alfred Schirmacher Egbert Buhr Georg Garnweitner Institute for Particle Technology(iPAT) Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig38104Germany Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig Braunschweig38116Germany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig38106Germany

The correlation of single-particle imaging and absorption spectroscopy made the development of sizing curves possible and enabled rapid size determination of semiconductor nanocrystals based solely on optical *** increasing demand and production of such materials has resulted in a question of comparability between existing models and adequate volume-weighted size-determining measurement ***-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)is a well-established method for obtaining nanostructural information from particle systems while operating sample quantities up to a commercial scale with a large amount of statistically based *** work utilizes laboratory SAXS to characterize cadmium selenide nanocrystals with band edge energies between 1.97 and 3.08 *** evaluation of the scattering patterns is based on an indirect Fourier transformation(IFT),while dimensional parameters are derived from the model-free pair distance distribution functions(Dmode and Dg),as well as the modeled volume(Dv)and number(Dn)-weighted size-density *** find that comparable data from D̅n agree well with existing X-ray diffraction(XRD)and with transmission electron microscopy(TEM)results described in literature;this qualifies SAXS as an equivalent integral characterization *** based on an estimate,the radius of gyration yields equivalent accurate ***,corresponding volume-weighted data are shown that can be useful when transferring information to other *** parametrization represents the largest estimated size of the sample and implies that particles interact and deviate from the spherical morphology,whereas Dv demonstrates results not considering such effects.A full set of the parameters discussed quantifies the quality of a sample.

关键词： quantum dots small angle scattering indirect Fourier transform transmission electron microscopy optical absorption spectroscopy particle size distribution

Immune checkpoint pathways in immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第2期12卷 114-122页

作者： Zi Mei Junwen Huang Bin Qiao alfred King-yin Lam Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Cancer Molecular Pathology and Griffith Medical School Griffith UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia

With the understanding of the complex interaction between the tumour microenvironment and immunotherapy,there is increasing interest in the role of immune regulators in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).Activation of T cells and immune checkpoint molecules is important for the immune response to *** checkpoint molecules include cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4(CTLA-4),programmed death 1(PD-1),T-cell immunoglobulin mucin protein 3(TIM-3),lymphocyte activation gene 3(LAG-3),T cell immunoglobin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif(TIGIT),glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor(GITR)and V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation(VISTA).Many clinical trials using checkpoint inhibitors,as both monotherapies and combination therapies,have been initiated targeting these immune checkpoint *** review summarizes the functional mechanism and use of various immune checkpoint molecules in HNSCC,including monotherapies and combination therapies,and provides better treatment options for patients with HNSCC.

关键词： Immune immunotherapy squamous

Discourse Strategies in President Buhari's Speech on the#EndSARS Protests in Nigeria

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2021年第4期7卷 121-144页

作者： Bukola alfred Folajimi Oyebola Obafemi Awolowo University Nigeria University of Munster Germany

This article examines the discursive strategies employed to negotiate power and ideology in President Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS Protests in *** data for the study comprises President Muhammadu Buhari’s speech on the#EndSARS *** speech was analysed using both Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis,and a discussion of how transitivity patterns and modality choices explain the representation of power,ideology and dominance in the speech *** findings of the study show that the transitivity and modality systems used by the president revealed his disposition toward the participants involved in the protests,and his perception of himself in relation to the others:whether they take an active or passive role in the *** paper concludes that transitivity patterns and modality structures can be used to highlight social actors who on the surface appear common and natural,when they essentially perpetuate inequality and injustice.

关键词： #EndSARS protest discourse social actors framing legitimisation

Mutual Interests and Influence: How China is Shaping a New Development Cooperation Paradigm

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Mutual Interests and Influence: How China is Shaping a New D...

作者： CUMMINS alfred 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

In the context of disillusionment with the effectiveness of foreign aid, this paper looks at how China’s approach to development cooperation with resource rich countries in Africa could affect traditional donors, as its standing as a major development partner continues to grow. It evaluates the evolution of the dominant development cooperation paradigm and analyses the way in which China may have increasing influence on the predominant model used by major donors, by breaking up China’s approach into motivations, methodological characteristics and finally consequences. Our theoretical framework is composed of norm and institutionalist theory, which are used explain the changes and stability of development approaches overtime and economic development theories, which analyse the feasibility of China’s approach as well as the evolution of the development paradigm to this current turning point.

关键词：中国非洲地区国家合作评估模型

Constraints on sedimentary ages of the Chuanlinggou Formation in the Ming Tombs, Beijing, North China Craton: LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP U–Pb dating of detrital zircons

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第2期37卷 257-280页

作者： Jing Ding Yuruo Shi alfred Kroner J. Lawford Anderson Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Institut fur Geowissenschaften Universitat Mainz55099 Mainz Germany Department of Earth and Environment Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA

Detrital zircons in five sedimentary samples, MC1 to MC5, from the bottom of the Chuanlinggou Formation in the Ming Tombs District, Beijing, were dated with the LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP U-Pb methods. Age spectra of the five samples show a major peak at 2500 Ma and a secondary peak at 2000 Ma, suggesting their provenances were mainly from the crystalline basement of the North China Craton and the Trans-North China Orogen. The youngest zircon has an age of 1673 d： 44 Ma, indicating that the Chuanlinggou Formation was deposited after this age. From sample MC4 to MC5, lithology changed from a clastic rock （fine-grained sandstone） to a carbonate rock （fine-grained dolomite）, suggesting that the depositional basin became progressively deeper. The age spectrum of sample MC5 shows a major peak at 2500 Ma and a secondary peak at 2000 Ma. Sample MC4, which is stratigraphically lower than sample MC5, only had one peak at 2500 Ma. We conclude that there was a transgressive event when sediments represented by MC5 was deposited, and seawater carried ca. 2000 Ma clastic materials to the basin where the Chuanlinggou Formation was deposited, leading to the addition of ca. 2000 Ma detritus. Our research indicates that the source area for the sediments became more extensive with time. We conclude that the Chuanlinggou Formation in the Ming Tombs District was deposited in a low-energy mud fiat sedimentary environment in the inter-supra tidal zone because it is mainly composed of silty mudstone and fine-grained sandstone with relatively simple sedimentary structures.

关键词： Detrital zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages SHRIMP Chuanlinggou Formation Ancient sedimentary environment North China Craton